Practical-8
Plot the integral surfaces of a given first order PDE with
initial data.
Question 1. Solve the PDE Subscript[uu, x]+ Subscript[u, y]=1/2. With the initial
condition u(s,s)=s/4,
0<=s<=1.
Solution: x=s+st/4+t^2/4, y=s+t, u=s/4+t/2.
In[1]:= sol = DSolve [{x '[t] ⩵ u[t], y '[t] ⩵ 1, u '[t] ⩵ 1 / 2, x[0] ⩵ s,
y[0] ⩵ s, u[0] ⩵ s / 4}, {x[t], y[t], u[t]}, t]
1 1
u[t] → (s + 2 t), x[t] → × 4 s + s t + t , y[t] → s + t
2
Out[1]=
4 4
In[2]:= Print ["u[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛]
1
u [ t ]= (s + 2 t)
4
In[3]:= Print ["y[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛]
1
× 4 s + s t + t
2
y [ t ]=
4
In[4]:= Print ["x[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛]
x [ t ]= s + t
2
In[5]:= map = ParametricPlot3D [{sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛 , sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛 ,
sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛}, {t, - 1, 1}, {s, 0, 1}, PlotPoints → 10 ]
Out[5]=
In[6]:= map1 = ParametricPlot3D [{s, s, s / 4}, {s, 0, 1}]
Out[6]=
3
In[7]:= Show [map, map1, PlotLabel → "Integral Surface through initial curve "]
Out[7]=
Question 2. Solve the PDE Subscript[u, x]- Subscript[u, y]=2. With the initial
condition u(s,s)=2s,
0<=s<=1.
Solution: x=s + t, y= s - t, u=2t + 2s.
In[8]:= sol = DSolve [{x '[t] ⩵ 1, y '[t] ⩵ - 1, u '[t] ⩵ 2, x[0] ⩵ s,
y[0] ⩵ s, u[0] ⩵ 2 * s}, {x[t], y[t], u[t]}, t]
Out[8]= {{x[t] → s + t, y[t] → s - t, u[t] → 2 (s + t)}}
In[9]:= Print ["x[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛]
x [ t ]= s + t
In[10]:= Print ["y[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛]
y [ t ]= s - t
In[11]:= Print ["u[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛]
u [ t ]= 2 ( s + t )
4
In[12]:= map = ParametricPlot3D [{sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛 , sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛 ,
sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛}, {t, - 1, 1}, {s, 0, 1}, PlotPoints → 100 ]
Out[12]=
In[13]:= map1 = ParametricPlot3D [{s, s, s / 4}, {s, 0, 1}]
Out[13]=
5
In[14]:= Show [map, map1, PlotLabel → "Integral Surface through initial curve "]
Out[14]=
Question 3. Solve the PDE Subscript[u, x]+ Subscript[u, y]=1. With the initial
condition u(s,s)=sin(s),
0<=s<=1.
Solution: x=s + t, y= s + t, u=t + sin(s).
In[15]:= sol = DSolve [{x '[t] ⩵ 1, y '[t] ⩵ 1, u '[t] ⩵ 1, x[0] ⩵ s,
y[0] ⩵ s, u[0] ⩵ Sin [s]}, {x[t], y[t], u[t]}, t]
Out[15]= {{x[t] → s + t, y[t] → s + t, u[t] → t + Sin [s]}}
In[16]:= Print ["u[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛]
u [ t ]= t + Sin [ s ]
In[17]:= Print ["x[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛]
x [ t ]= s + t
In[18]:= Print ["y[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛]
y [ t ]= s + t
6
In[19]:= map = ParametricPlot3D [{sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛 , sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛 ,
sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛}, {t, - 1, 1}, {s, 0, 1}]
Out[19]=
In[20]:= map1 = ParametricPlot3D [{s, s, s / 4}, {s, 0, 1}]
Out[20]=
7
In[21]:= Show [map, map1, PlotLabel → "Integral Surface through initial curve "]
Out[21]=
Question 4. Solve the PDE Subscript[u, x]+ 2Subscript[u, y]=0. With the initial
condition u(0,s)=4E^(-2s),
0<=s<=1.
Solution: u=4E^(-2s), y= s + 2t, x=t.
In[22]:= sol = DSolve [{x '[t] ⩵ 1, y '[t] ⩵ 2, u '[t] ⩵ 0, x[0] ⩵ 0,
y[0] ⩵ s, u[0] ⩵ 4 * E ^ (- 2 * s)}, {x[t], y[t], u[t]}, t]
x[t] → t, y[t] → s + 2 t, u[t] → 4 ⅇ
-2 s
Out[22]=
In[23]:= Print ["u[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛]
u [ t ]= 4 ⅇ -2 s
In[24]:= Print ["x[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛]
x [ t ]= t
In[25]:= Print ["y[t]= ", sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛]
y [ t ]= s + 2 t
8
In[26]:= map = ParametricPlot3D [{sol 〚 1, 1, 2〛 , sol 〚 1, 2, 2〛 ,
sol 〚 1, 3, 2〛}, {t, - 1, 1}, {s, 0, 1}]
Out[26]=
In[27]:= map1 = ParametricPlot3D [{s, s, s / 4}, {s, 0, 1}]
Out[27]=
9
In[28]:= Show [map, map1, PlotLabel → "Integral Surface through initial curve "]
Out[28]=
