ANSWERS

EXERCISE 1.1
1. (i), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) and (viii) are sets.
2. (i) ∈ (ii) ∉ (iii) ∉ (vi) ∈ (v) ∈ (vi) ∉
3. (i) A = {–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 } (ii) B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(iii) C = {17, 26, 35, 44, 53, 62, 71, 80} (iv) D = {2, 3, 5}
(v) E = {T, R, I, G, O, N, M, E, Y} (vi) F = {B, E, T, R}
4. (i) { x : x = 3n, n∈N and 1 ≤ n ≤ 4 } (ii) { x : x = 2n, n∈N and 1 ≤ n ≤ 5 }
(iii) { x : x = 5n, n∈N and 1 ≤ n ≤ 4 } (iv) { x : x is an even natural number}
(v) { x : x = n2, n∈N and 1 ≤ n ≤ 10 }
5. (i) A = {1, 3, 5, . . . } (ii) B = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4 }
(iii) C = { –2, –1, 0, 1, 2 } (iv) D = { L, O, Y, A }
(v) E = { February, April, June, September, November }
(vi) F = {b, c, d, f, g, h, j }
6. (i) ↔ (c) (ii) ↔ (a) (iii) ↔ (d) (iv) ↔ (b)
EXERCISE 1.2
1. (i), (iii), (iv)
2. (i) Finite (ii) Infinite (iii) Finite (iv) Infinite (v) Finite
3. (i) Infinite (ii) Finite (iii) Infinite (iv) Finite (v) Infinite
4. (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) Yes (iv) No
5. (i) No (ii) Yes 6. B= D, E = G

EXERCISE 1.3
1. (i) ⊂ (ii) ⊄ (iii) ⊂ (iv) ⊄ (v) ⊄ (vi) ⊂
(vii) ⊂
2. (i) False (ii) True (iii) False (iv) True (v) False (vi) True
3. (i) as {3,4}∈A, (v) as 1∈A, (vii) as {1,2, 5}⊂A,
(viii) as 3∉Α, (ix) as φ ⊂ A, (xi) as φ ⊂ A,
4. (i) φ, { a } (ii) φ, { a }, { b }, { a, b }
(iii) φ, { 1 }, { 2 }, { 3 }, { 1, 2 }, { 1, 3 }, { 2, 3 }, { 1, 2, 3 } (iv) φ
5. (i) (– 4, 6] (ii) (– 12, –10) (iii) [ 0, 7 )
(iv) [ 3, 4 ]
6. (i) { x : x ∈ R, – 3 < x < 0 } (ii) { x : x ∈ R, 6 ≤ x ≤ 12 }
(iii) { x : x ∈ R, 6 < x ≤ 12 } (iv) { x R : – 23 ≤ x < 5 } 8. (iii)

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336 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 1.4
1. (i) X ∪ Y = {1, 2, 3, 5 } (ii) A ∪ B = { a, b, c, e, i, o, u }
(iii) A ∪ B = {x : x = 1, 2, 4, 5 or a multiple of 3 }
(iv) A ∪ B = {x : 1 < x < 10, x ∈ N} (v) A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3 }
2. Yes, A ∪ B = { a, b, c } 3. B
4. (i) { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 } (ii) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8 } (iii) {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }
(iv) {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} (v) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }
(vi) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} (vii) { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 }
5. (i) X ∩ Y = { 1, 3 } (ii) A ∩ B = { a } (iii) { 3 } (iv) φ (v) φ
6. (i) { 7, 9, 11 } (ii) { 11, 13 } (iii) φ (iv) { 11 }
(v) φ (vi) { 7, 9, 11 } (vii) φ
(viii) { 7, 9, 11 } (ix) {7, 9, 11 } (x) { 7, 9, 11, 15 }
7. (i) B (ii) C (iii) D (iv) φ
(v) { 2 } (vi) { x : x is an odd prime number } 8. (iii)
9. (i) {3, 6, 9, 15, 18, 21} (ii) {3, 9, 15, 18, 21 } (iii) {3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 21}
(iv) {4, 8, 16, 20 } (v) { 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16 } (vi) { 5, 10, 20 }
(vii) { 20 } (viii) { 4, 8, 12, 16 } (ix) { 2, 6, 10, 14}
(x) { 5, 10, 15 } (xi) {2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 16} (xii) {5, 15, 20}
10. (i) { a, c } (ii) {f, g } (iii) { b , d }
11. Set of irrational numbers 12. (i) F (ii) F (iii) T (iv) T

EXERCISE 1.5
1. (i) { 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} (ii) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9 } (iii) {7, 8, 9 }
(iv) { 5, 7, 9 } (v) { 1, 2, 3, 4 } (vi) { 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 }
2. (i) { d, e, f, g, h} (ii) { a, b, c, h } (iii) { b, d , f, h }
(iv) { b, c, d, e }
3. (i) { x : x is an odd natural number }
(ii) { x : x is an even natural number }
(iii) { x : x ∈ N and x is not a multiple of 3 }

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 ANSWERS 337

(iv) { x : x is a positive composite number or x = 1 }

(v) { x : x is a positive integer which is not divisible by 3 or not divisible by 5}
(vi) { x : x ∈ N and x is not a perfect square }
(vii) { x : x ∈ N and x is not a perfect cube }
(viii) { x : x ∈ N and x ≠ 3 } (ix) { x : x ∈ N and x ≠ 2 }
9
(x) { x : x ∈ N and x < 7 } (xi) { x : x ∈ N and x ≤ }
2
6. A' is the set of all equilateral triangles.
7. (i) U (ii) A (iii) φ (iv) φ

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 1

1. A ⊂ B, A ⊂ C, B ⊂ C, D ⊂ A, D ⊂ B, D ⊂ C
2. (i) False (ii) False (iii) True (iv) False (v) False
(vi) True
10. We may take A = { 1, 2 }, B = { 1, 3 }, C = { 2 , 3 }

EXERCISE 2.1

1. x = 2 and y = 1 2. The number of elements in A × B is 9.

3. G × H = {(7, 5), (7, 4), (7, 2), (8, 5), (8, 4), (8, 2)}
H × G = {(5, 7), (5, 8), (4, 7), (4, 8), (2, 7), (2, 8)}
4. (i) False
P × Q = {(m, n), (m, m), (n, n), (n, m)}
(ii) True
(iii) True
5. A × A = {(– 1, – 1), (– 1, 1), (1, – 1), (1, 1)}
A × A × A = {(–1, –1, –1), (–1, –1, 1), (–1, 1, –1), (–1, 1, 1), (1, –1, –1), (1, –1, 1),
(1, 1, –1), (1, 1, 1)}
6. A = {a, b}, B = {x, y}
8. A × B = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)}
A × B will have 24 = 16 subsets.
9. A = {x, y, z} and B = {1,2}
10. A = {–1, 0, 1}, remaining elements of
A × A are (–1, –1), (–1, 1), (0, –1), (0, 0), (1, –1), (1, 0), (1, 1)

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338 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 2.2
1. R = {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9), (4, 12)}
Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4}
Range of R = {3, 6, 9, 12}
Co domain of R = {1, 2, ..., 14}
2. R = {(1, 6), (2, 7), (3, 8)}
Domain of R = {1, 2, 3}
Range of R = {6, 7, 8}
3. R = {(1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 9), (3, 4), (3, 6), (5, 4), (5, 6)}
4. (i) R = {(x, y) : y = x – 2 for x = 5, 6, 7}
(ii) R = {(5,3), (6,4), (7,5)}. Domain of R = {5, 6, 7}, Range of R = {3, 4, 5}
5. (i) R = {(1, 1), (1,2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2 4), (2, 6), (2, 2), (4, 4), (6, 6),
(3, 3), (3, 6)}
(ii) Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
(iii) Range of R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
6. Domain of R = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,} 7. R = {(2, 8), (3, 27), (5, 125), (7, 343)}
Range of R = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
8. No. of relations from A into B = 26 9. Domain of R = Z
Range of R = Z

EXERCISE 2.3

1. (i) yes, Domain = {2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17}, Range = {1}

(ii) yes, Domain = (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}, Range = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
(iii) No.
2. (i) Domain = R, Range = (– ∞, 0]
(ii) Domain of function = {x : –3 ≤ x ≤ 3}
Range of function = {x : 0 ≤ x ≤ 3}
3. (i) f (0) = –5 (ii) f (7) = 9 (iii) f (–3) = –11
412
4. (i) t (0) = 32 (ii) t (28) = (iii) t (–10) = 14 (iv) 100
5
5. (i) Range = (– ∞, 2) (ii) Range = [2, ∞) (iii) Range = R

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 ANSWERS 339

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 2

2. 2.1 3. Domain of function is set of real numbers except 6 and 2.
4. Domain = [1, ∞), Range = [0, ∞)
5. Domain = R, Range = non-negative real numbers
6. Range = [0, 1)
7. (f + g) x = 3x – 2 8. a = 2, b = – 1 9. (i) No (ii) No (iii) No
(f – g) x = – x + 4
 f  x +1 3
 x= , x≠
g 2x − 3 2

10. (i) Yes, (ii) No 11. No 12. Range of f = {3, 5, 11, 13 }

EXERCISE 3.1

5π 19π 4π 26π
1. (i) (ii) – (iii) (iv)
36 72 3 9
2. (i) 39° 22′ 30″ (ii) –229° 5′ 27″ (iii) 300° (iv) 210°
20π
3. 12π 4. 12° 36′ 5. 6. 5 : 4
3
2 1 7
7. (i) (ii) (iii)
15 5 25

EXERCISE 3.2

3 2 1
1. sin x = − , cosec x = – , sec x = −2, tan x = 3 , cot x =
2 3 3
5 4 5 3 4
2. cosec x = , cos x = – , sec x = − , tan x = − , cot x = −
3 5 4 4 3
4 5 3 5 4
3. sin x = − , cosec x = – , cos x = − , sec x = − , tan x =
5 4 5 3 3
12 13 5 12 5
4. sin x = − , cosec x = – , cos x = , tan x = − , cot x = −
13 12 13 5 12

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340 MATHEMATICS

5 13 12 13 12
5. sin x = , cosec x = , cos x = − , sec x = − , cot x = −
13 5 13 12 5
1 3
6. 7. 2 8. 3 9. 10. 1
2 2

EXERCISE 3.3

3 +1
5. (i) (ii) 2 – 3
2 2

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 3

2 5 5 1
8. , ,
5 5 2

6 3
9. ,– ,– 2
3 3

8 + 2 15 8 − 2 15
10. , , 4 + 15
4 4

EXERCISE 4.1

1. 3 + i0 2. 0 + i 0 3. 0+i 1 4. 14 + 28 i

19 21i 17 5
5. 2 – 7 i 6. − − 7. +i 8. -4+i0
5 10 3 3

242 −22 107 4 3 5 3

9. − − 26i 10. −i 11. +i 12. −i
27 3 27 25 25 14 14

7 2
13. 0 + i1 14. 0 – i
2

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 ANSWERS 341

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 4

307 + 599 i
1. 2 – 2 i 3.
442

−2
5. 2 7. (i) , (ii) 0 8. x = 3, y = – 3 9. 2
5
11. 1 12. 0 14. 4

EXERCISE 5.1

1. (i) {1, 2, 3, 4} (ii) {... – 3, – 2, –1, 0, 1,2,3,4,}

2. (i) No Solution (ii) {... – 4, – 3}

3. (i) {... – 2, – 1, 0, 1} (ii) (–∞, 2)

4. (i) {–1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...} (ii) (–2, ∞)

5. (–4, ∞) 6. (– ∞, –3) 7. (–∞, –3] 8. (–∞, 4]

9. (– ∞, 6) 10. (–∞, –6) 11. (–∞, 2] 12. (– ∞, 120]

13. (4, ∞) 14. (–∞, 2] 15. (4, ∞) 16. (–∞, 2]

17. (– ∞, 3), 18. [–1, ∞),

 2 
19. (–1, ∞), 20.  − 7 ,∞  ,

21. 35 22. 82

23. (5,7), (7,9) 24. (6,8), (8,10), (10,12)

25. 9 cm 26. Greater than or equal to 8cm but less than or equal to 22cm

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342 MATHEMATICS

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 5

1. [2, 3] 2. (0, 1] 3. [– 4, 2]

 – 80 – 10   11 
5.  , 1, 3 
3 
4. (– 23, 2] 6.
 3

7. (–5, 5)

8. (–1, 7)

9. (5, ∞)

10. [– 7, 11]

11. Between 20°C and 25°C

12. More than 320 litres but less than 1280 litres.
13. More than 562.5 litres but less than 900 litres.
14. 9.6 ≤ MA ≤ 16.8

EXERCISE 6.1

1. (i) 125, (ii) 60. 2. 108 3. 5040 4. 336

5. 8 6. 20
EXERCISE 6.2

1. (i) 40320, (ii) 18 2. 30, No 3. 28 4. 64

5. (i) 30, (ii) 15120

EXERCISE 6.3
1. 504 2. 4536 3. 60 4. 120, 48
5. 56 6. 9 7. (i) 3, (ii) 4 8. 40320

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 ANSWERS 343

9. (i) 360, (ii) 720, (iii) 240 10. 33810

11. (i) 1814400, (ii) 2419200, (iii) 25401600

EXERCISE 6.4
1. 45 2. (i) 5, (ii) 6 3. 210 4. 40
5. 2000 6. 778320 7. 3960 8. 200
9. 35

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 6

1. 3600 2. 1440 3. (i) 504, (ii) 588, (iii) 1632
4. 907200 5. 120 6. 50400 7. 420
8. 4 C 1 × 48C 4 9. 2880 10. 22 C 7+ 22C 10 11. 151200

EXERCISE 7.1
1. 1–10x + 40x2 – 80x3 + 80x4 – 32x5
32 40 20 5 3 x5
2. − + − 5 x + x −
x5 x3 x 8 32
3. 64 x –576 x + 2160 x – 4320 x3 + 4860 x2 – 2916 x + 729
6 5 4

x 5 5 x3 10 10 5 1
4. + + x+ + 3 + 5
243 81 27 9 x 3x x
15 6 1
5. x 6 + 6 x 4 + 15 x 2 + 20 + 2
+ 4+ 6
x x x
6. 884736 7. 11040808032 8. 104060401
10000
9. 9509900499 10. (1.1) > 1000 11. 8(a3b + ab3); 40 6
12. 2(x6 + 15x4 + 15x2 + 1), 198

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 7

2. 396 6 3. 2a8 + 12a6 – 10a4 – 4a2 + 2

4. 0.9510
16 8 32 16 x 2 x3 x 4
5. + 2 − 3 + 4 − 4x + + + −5
x x x x 2 2 16
6. 27x6 – 54ax5 + 117a2x4 – 116a3x3 + 117a4x2 – 54a5x + 27a6

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344 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 8.1

1 2 3 4 5
1. 3, 8, 15, 24, 35 2. , , , , 3. 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32
2 3 4 5 6

1 1 1 5 7
4. − , , , and 5. 25, –125, 625, –3125, 15625
6 6 2 6 6

3 9 21 75 49
6. , , , 21 and 7. 65, 93 8.
2 2 2 2 128

360
9. 729 10.
23
11. 3, 11, 35, 107, 323; 3 + 11 + 35 + 107 + 323 + ...

−1 −1 −1 −1  −1   −1   −1   −1 
12. −1, , , , ; – 1+   +   +   +   + ...
2 6 24 120  2   6   24   120 
3 5 8
13. 2, 2, 1, 0, –1; 2 + 2 + 1 + 0 + (–1) + ... 14. 1, 2, , and
2 3 5

EXERCISE 8.2

5 5
1. , 2. 3072 4. – 2187
2 20 2n
1
1 − ( 0.1) 
20
5. (a) 13th , (b) 12th, (c) 9th 6. ± 1 7.  
6

7
( )
 n 
3 + 1  3 2 − 1
1 − ( −a )n 
  (
x 3 1 − x 2n )
8. 2   9. 10.
  1+ a 1− x 2

11. 22 +
2
(
3 11
3 −1 ) 12.
5 2 2 5 5 2
r = or ; Terms are ,1, or ,1,
2 5 5 2 2 5

13. 4 14.
16 16 n
7
;2;
7
(
2 −1 ) 15. 2059 or 463

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 ANSWERS 345

−4 −8 −16
16. , ,
3 3 3
,...or 4, − 8, 16, − 32, 64, .. 18.
80
81
8
10n − 1 − n
9
( )
19. 496 20. rR 21. 3, –6, 12, –24 26. 9 and 27
–1
27. n= 30. 120, 480, 30 (2n) 31. Rs 500 (1.1)10
2
32. x2 –16x + 25 = 0

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 8

1. 4 2. 160; 6 3. ± 3 4. 8, 16, 32

5. 4 11. (i)
81
(
50 n
10 − 1 − )
5n
9
, (ii)
2n 2
−
3 27
(
1 − 10− n )
12. 1680
13. Rs 16680 14. Rs 39100 15. Rs 43690 16. Rs 17000; 20,000
17. Rs 5120 18. 25 days

EXERCISE 9.1

121
1. square unit.
2

( )
2. (0, a), (0, – a) and − 3a,0 or (0, a), (0, – a), and ( 3a,0 )
 15  1
3. (i) y2 − y1 , (ii) x2 − x1 4.  , 0  5. −
2  2
7. – 3 9. 135°
1 1
10. 1 and 2, or and 1, or – 1 and –2, or − and – 1
2 2
EXERCISE 9.2

1. y = 0 and x = 0 2. x – 2y + 10 = 0 3. y = mx

4. ( ) (
3 +1 x − )
3 −1 y = 4 ( 3 –1 ) 5. 2x + y + 6 = 0

6. x − 3y + 2 3 = 0 7. 5x + 3y + 2 = 0

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346 MATHEMATICS

8. 3x – 4y + 8 = 0 9. 5x – y + 20 = 0
10. (1 + n)x + 3(1 + n)y = n +11 11. x + y = 5
12. x + 2y – 6 = 0, 2x + y – 6 = 0
13. 3 x + y − 2 = 0 and 3 x + y + 2 = 0 14. 2x – 9y + 85 = 0
.192
15. L= ( C − 20 ) + 124.942 16. 1340 litres. 18. 2kx + hy = 3kh.
90

EXERCISE 9.3

1 1 5 5
1. (i) y = − x + 0, − , 0; (ii) y = −2 x + , − 2 , ; (iii) y = 0x + 0, 0, 0
7 7 3 3

x y x y 3
2. (i) + = 1, 4,6; (ii) 3 + −2 =1, 2 , −2;
4 6
2
2 2
(iii) y = − , intercept with y-axis = − and no intercept with x-axis.
3 3
3. 5 units
65 1 p+r
4. (– 2, 0) and (8, 0) 5. (i) units, (ii) units.
17 2 l
6. 3x – 4y + 18 = 0 7. y + 7x = 21 8. 30° and 150°
22
9.
9

11. ( ) ( )
3 + 2 x + 2 3 – 1 y = 8 3 + 1 or ( ) ( )
3 − 2 x + 1 + 2 3 y = –1 + 8 3

 68 49  1 5
12. 2x + y = 5 13.  , −  14. m= ,c =
 25 25  2 2
16. y – x = 1, 2

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 9

1. (a) 3, (b) ± 2, (c) 6 or 1
 8   32 
2. 2 x − 3 y = 6 , − 3x + 2 y = 6 3.  0, −  ,  0 , 
 3  3 

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 ANSWERS 347

φ −θ 5
4. Cos 5. x=− 6. 2x – 3y + 18 = 0
2 22
2
7. k square units 8. 5 10. 3x – y = 7, x + 3y = 9
23 5
11. 13x + 13y = 6 13. 1 : 2 14. units
18
15. The line is parallel to x - axis or parallel to y-axis
16. x = 1, y = 1. or x = – 4, y = 3 17. (–1, – 4).
1± 5 2
18. 20. 18x + 12y + 11 = 0
7
 13 
21.  , 0  23. 119x + 102y = 125
5 

EXERCISE 10.1

1. x2 + y2 – 4y = 0 2. x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y –3 = 0
3. 36x + 36y – 36x – 18y + 11 = 0
2 2
4. x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0
5. x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + 2b2 = 0 6. c(–5, 3), r = 6
1 1
7. c(2, 4), r = 65 8. c(4, – 5), r = 53 9. c ( , 0) ; r =
4 4
10. x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 15 = 0 11. x2 + y2 – 7x + 5y – 14 = 0
12. x2 + y2 + 4x – 21 = 0 & x2 + y2 – 12x + 11 = 0
13. x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0 14. x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y = 5
15. Inside the circle; since the distance of the point to the centre of the circle is less
than the radius of the circle.

EXERCISE 10.2
1. F (3, 0), axis - x - axis, directrix x = – 3, length of the Latus rectum = 12
3 3
2. F (0, ), axis - y - axis, directrix y = – , length of the Latus rectum = 6
2 2
3. F (–2, 0), axis - x - axis, directrix x = 2, length of the Latus rectum = 8

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348 MATHEMATICS

4. F (0, –4), axis - y - axis, directrix y = 4, length of the Latus rectum = 16

5 5
5. F ( , 0) axis - x - axis, directrix x = – , length of the Latus rectum = 10
2 2
–9 9
6. F (0, ) , axis - y - axis, directrix y = , length of the Latus rectum = 9
4 4
7. y2 = 24x 8. x2 = – 12y 9. y2 = 12x
10. y2 = –8x 11. 2y2 = 9x 12. 2x2 = 25y

EXERCISE 10.3
20
1. F (± 20 ,0); V (± 6, 0); Major axis = 12; Minor axis = 8 , e = ,
6
16
Latus rectum =
3
21
2. F (0, ± 21 ); V (0, ± 5); Major axis = 10; Minor axis = 4 , e = ;
5
8
Latus rectum =
5
7
3. F ( ± 7 , 0); V ( ± 4, 0); Major axis = 8; Minor axis = 6 , e = ;
4
9
Latus rectum =
2
3
4. F (0, ± 75 ); V (0,± 10); Major axis = 20; Minor axis = 10 , e = ;
2
Latus rectum = 5
13
5. F (± 13 ,0); V (± 7, 0); Major axis =14 ; Minor axis = 12 , e = ;
7
72
Latus rectum =
7
3
6. F (0, ± 10 3 ); V (0,± 20); Major axis =40 ; Minor axis = 20 , e = ;
2
Latus rectum = 10

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 349

2 2
7. F (0, ± 4 2 ); V (0,± 6); Major axis =12 ; Minor axis = 4 , e = ;
3
4
Latus rectum =
3

8. ( )
F 0,± 15 ; V (0, ± 4); Major axis = 8 ; Minor axis = 2 , e =
15
4
;

1
Latus rectum =
2
5
9. F ( ± 5 ,0); V ( ± 3, 0); Major axis = 6 ; Minor axis = 4 , e = ;
3
8
Latus rectum =
3
x2 y 2 x2 y2 x2 y 2
10. + =1 11. + =1 12. + =1
25 9 144 169 36 20
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 x2 y2
13. + =1 14. + =1 15. + =1
9 4 1 5 169 144
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 x2 y 2
16. + =1 17. + =1 18. + =1
64 100 16 7 25 9
x2 y 2 2 2 x2 y 2
19. + =1 20. x + 4y = 52 or + =1
10 40 52 13

EXERCISE 10.4

5 9
1. Foci (± 5, 0), Vertices (± 4, 0); e = ; Latus rectum =
4 2
2. Foci (0 ± 6), Vertices (0, ± 3); e = 2; Latus rectum = 18
13
3. Foci (0, ± 13 ), Vertices (0, ± 2); e = ; Latus rectum = 9
2
5 64
4. Foci (± 10, 0), Vertices (± 6, 0); e = ; Latus rectum =
3 3

Rationalised 2023-24
350 MATHEMATICS

2 14 6 14 4 5
5. Foci (0,± ), Vertices (0,± ); e = ; Latus rectum =
5 5 3 3

65 49
6. Foci (0, ± 65 ), Vertices (0, ± 4); e = ; Latus rectum =
4 2
x2 y2 y 2 x2 y 2 x2
7. − =1 8. − =1 9. − =1
4 5 25 39 9 16
x2 y2 y 2 x2 x2 y 2
10. − =1 11. − =1 12. − =1
16 9 25 144 25 20
x2 y2 x2 9 y2 y 2 x2
13. − =1 14. − =1 15. − =1
4 12 49 343 5 5

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 10

1. Focus is at the mid-point of the given diameter.
2. 2.23 m (approx.) 3. 9.11 m (approx.) 4. 1.56m (approx.)

x2 y2 x2 y 2
5. + =1 6. 18 sq units 7. + =1
81 9 25 9

8. 8 3a
EXERCISE 11.1
1. y and z - coordinates are zero 2. y - coordinate is zero
3. I, IV, VIII, V, VI, II, III, VII
4. (i) XY - plane (ii) (x, y, 0) (iii) Eight

EXERCISE 11.2

1. (i) 2 5 (ii) 43 (iii) 2 26 (iv) 2 5

4. x – 2z = 0 5. 9x2 + 25y2 + 25z2 – 225 = 0

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 11

16
1. (1, – 2, 8) 2. 7, 34 , 7 3. a = – 2, b = − , c=2
3
k 2 – 109
4. x2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2 x − 7 y + 2 z =
2

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 351

EXERCISE 12.1

 22  19
1. 6 2.  π −  3. π 4.
 7  2
1 11 108
5. − 6. 5 7. 8.
2 4 7
1
9. b 10. 2 11. 1 12. −
4
a a 1 1
13. 14. 15. 16.
b b π π
a +1
17. 4 18. 19. 0 20. 1
b
21. 0 22. 2 23. 3, 6
24. Limit does not exist at x = 1
25. Limit does not exist at x = 0 26. Limit does not exist at x = 0
27. 0 28. a = 0, b = 4
29. lim f (x) = 0 and lim f (x) = (a – a ) (a – a ) ... (a – a )
x → a1 x →a 1 2 x

30. lim f (x) exists for all a ≠ 0. 31. 2

x →a

32. For lim

x→0
f (x) to exists, we need m = n; lim
x→1
f (x) exists for any integral value
of m and n.

EXERCISE 12.2

1. 20 2. 1 3. 99

−2 −2
4. (i) 3x2 (ii) 2x – 3 (iii) (iv)
x3 ( x − 1)2
6. nx n −1 + a (n − 1)x n − 2 + a 2 (n − 2)x n−3 + ... + a n−1
a −b
7. (i) 2x − a − b (ii) (
4ax ax 2 + b ) (iii)
( x − b )2

Rationalised 2023-24
352 MATHEMATICS

nx n − anx n−1 − x n + a n
8.
( x − a)
2

−3 24
9 . (i) 2 (ii) 20x3 – 15x2 + 6x – 4 (iii) ( 5 + 2x ) (iv) 15x4 +
x4 x5

–12 36 –2 x (3x – 2)
(v) 5 + (vi) x + 1 – 10. – sin x
x x10 ( ) (3 x – 1)2
2

11. (i) cos 2x (ii) sec x tan x

(iii) 5sec x tan x – 4sin x (iv) – cosec x cot x
(v) – 3cosec2 x – 5 cosec x cot x (vi) 5cos x+ 6sin x
(vii) 2sec2 x – 7sec x tan x

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 12

1  π
1. (i) – 1 (ii) (iii) cos (x + 1) (iv) −sin  x −  2. 1
x2  8
− qr
3. + ps 4. 2c (ax+b) (cx + d) + a (cx + d)2
x2

ad − bc −2 − ( 2ax + b )
, x ≠ 0,1
(cx + d ) (ax )
5. 6. 7. 2
2
( x – 1) 2 2
+ bx + c

− apx 2 − 2bpx + ar − bq apx 2 + 2bpx + bq − ar −4a 2b

8. 9. 10. + 3 − sin x
( px ) ( ax + b )
2 2
2
+ qx + r x5 x

2 n−1
11. 12. na ( ax + b )
x

13. ( ax + b )n −1 ( cx + d )m−1 mc ( ax + b ) + na ( cx + d ) 14. cos (x+a)

−1
15. – cosec3 x – cosec x cot2 x 16.
1 + sin x

−2 2sec x tan x n–1

17. 18. 19. n sin x cos x
(sin x − cos x ) 2
(sec x + 1) 2

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 353

bc cos x + ad sin x + bd cos a

20. 21.
(c + d cos x ) 2
cos2 x

22. x3 (5 x cos x + 3 x sin x + 20 sin x − 12cos x )

23. − x 2 sin x − sin x + 2 x cos x

24. ( )
−q sin x ax 2 + sin x + ( p + q cos x )( 2a x + cos x )

25. − tan 2 x ( x + cos x ) + ( x − tan x )(1 − sin x )

35 + 15 x cos x + 28 cos x + 28 x sin x − 15sin x

26.
(3x + 7 cos x )2
π
x cos ( 2 sin x − x cos x ) 1 + tanx − x sec 2 x
4
27. 28.
(1 + tanx )
2
sin 2 x

29. ( x + sec x ) (1 − sec2 x ) + ( x − tan x ) . (1 + sec x tan x )

30. sin x − n x cos x
sin n+1 x

EXERCISE 13.1

1. 3 2. 8.4 3. 2.33 4. 7

5. 6.32 6. 16 7. 3.23 8. 5.1

9. 157.92 10. 11.28 11. 10.34 12. 7.35

EXERCISE 13.2

n + 1 n2 − 1
1. 9, 9.25 2. , 3. 16.5, 74.25 4. 19, 43.4
2 12
5. 100, 29.09 6. 64, 1.69 7. 107, 2276 8. 27, 132
9. 93, 105.58, 10.27 10. 5.55, 43.5

Rationalised 2023-24
354 MATHEMATICS

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 13

1. 4, 8 2. 6, 8 3. 24, 12
5. (i) 10.1, 1.99 (ii) 10.2, 1.98
6. 20, 3.036

EXERCISE 14.1
1. No.
2. (i) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} (ii) φ (iii) {3, 6} (iv) {1, 2, 3} (v) {6}
(vi) {3, 4, 5, 6}, A∪B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, A∩B = φ, B∪C = {3, 6}, E∩F = {6},
D∩E = φ,
A – C = {1, 2,4,5}, D – E = {1,2,3}, E∩ F′ = φ, F′ = {1, 2}
3. A = {(3,6), (4,5), (5, 4), (6,3), (4,6), (5,5), (6,4), (5,6), (6,5), (6,6)}
B = {(1,2), (2,2), (3, 2), (4,2), (5,2), (6,2), (2,1), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6)}
C ={(3,6), (6,3), (5, 4), (4,5), (6,6)}
A and B, B and C are mutually exclusive.
4. (i) A and B; A and C; B and C; C and D (ii) A and C (iii) B and D
5. (i) “Getting at least two heads”, and “getting at least two tails”
(ii) “Getting no heads”, “getting exactly one head” and “getting at least two
heads”
(iii) “Getting at most two tails”, and “getting exactly two tails”
(iv) “Getting exactly one head” and “getting exactly two heads”
(v) “Getting exactly one tail”, “getting exactly two tails”, and getting exactly
three tails”

ANote There may be other events also as answer to the above question.
6. A = {(2, 1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6), (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6),
(6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6)}
B = {(1, 1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6), (3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6),
(5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6)}
C = {(1, 1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (3,1), (3,2), (4,1)}
(i) A′ = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6), (3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6),
(5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6)} = B
(ii) B′ = {(2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6), (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6),
(6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6)} = A
(iii) A∪B = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6), (3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,4), (3,5),
(3,6), (5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6), (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,5),
(2,6), (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6), (6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4),
(6,5), (6,6)} = S

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 355

(iv) A ∩ B = φ
(v) A – C = {(2,4), (2,5), (2,6), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6), (6,1), (6,2), (6,3),
(6,4), (6,5), (6,6)}
(vi) B ∪ C = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6), (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (3,1), (3,2),
(3,3), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6), (4,1), (5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6)}
(vii) B ∩ C = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (3,1), (3,2)}
(viii) A ∩ B′ ∩ C′ = {(2,4), (2,5), (2,6), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6), (6,1), (6,2),
(6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6)}
7. (i) True (ii) True (iii) True (iv) False (v) False (vi) False

EXERCISE 14.2

3
1. (a) Yes (b) Yes (c) No (d) No (e) No 2.
4
1 2 1 5 1 1 1
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 0 (v) 4. (a) 52 (b) (c) (i) (ii)
2 3 6 6 52 13 2
1 1 3
5. (i) (ii) 6.
12 12 5
7. Rs 4.00 gain, Rs 1.50 gain, Re 1.00 loss, Rs 3.50 loss, Rs 6.00 loss.
1 1 3
P ( Winning Rs 4.00) = , P(Winning Rs 1.50) = , P (Losing Re. 1.00) =
16 4 8
1 1
P (Losing Rs 3.50) = , P (Losing Rs 6.00) = .
4 16
1 3 1 7 1 1 3 1 7
8. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix)
8 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 6 7 1
9. 10. (i) (ii) 11.
11 13 13 38760

12. (i) No, because P(A∩B) must be less than or equal to P(A) and P(B), (ii) Yes
7 4
13. (i) (ii) 0.5 (iii) 0.15 14.
15 5
5 3
15. (i) (ii) 16. No 17. (i) 0.58 (ii) 0.52 (iii) 0.74
8 8

Rationalised 2023-24
356 MATHEMATICS

18. 0.6 19. 0.55 20. 0.65

19 11 2
21. (i) (ii) (iii)
30 30 15

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 14

20 30 13
C5 C5 C3 . 13 C1
1. (i) 60 (ii) 1 − 60 2. 52
C5 C5 C4
9990 9990
1 1 5 999 C2 C10
3. (i) (ii) (iii) 4. (a) (b) 10000
(c) 10000
2 2 6 1000 C2 C10

17 16 2
5. (a) (b) 6.
33 33 3
4
7. (i) 0.88 (ii) 0.12 (iii) 0.19 (iv) 0.34 8.
5
33 3 1
9. (i) (ii) 10.
83 8 5040

Rationalised 2023-24