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The Design of Box Culvert

Designed by Salman 4-Apr-23

INPUTS
f'c= 3000 Psi 15''
fc= 1150 Psi
For concrete fs= 20000 Psi
For water fs= 14000 Psi
Width, B= 8.203 ft 8.203' 6.56'
Height,h= 6.562 ft
Thickness= 1.25 ft
Thickness of Wearing course= 3.000 inch
gc= 150 lb/ft3 Specific Wt. of concrete
gwc= 140 lb/ft3 Specific Wt. of Wearing course
gsoil= 110 lb/ft 3
Specific Wt. of Soil
gw= 62.4 lb/ft3 Specific Wt. of Water
f= 30.00 (DRC) (VRC) (SLAB CULVERT)
TYPE AA TYPE A TYPE B
Live Load Type = 22180 lbs 22180 12500 7500 Ibs
m= 15
cover= 1.5'' r= 0.002

LOADS CALCULATION
Top Slab
1. Dead Load
Self Wt. of top Slab= 187.500 lb/ft2
Load due to wearing course= 35.000 lb/ft2
Total Dead Load = 222.500 lb/ft2
2. Live Load
Distribution of Wheel Load, E= 4.57 ft Max 7ft
Live Load = 4853.39
Total Load on top Slab, (1+2)= 5075.892 lb/ft2

Side Wall
1. Wt. of each Side wall = 1464.750 lb/ft2
2. Lateral pressure due to Live Load
Coefficient of active earth pressure= 0.333

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Lateral pressure due to Live Load= 1618 lb/ft2

3. Lateral pressure due to soil= 286 lb/ft2
4. Water pressure at side wall bottom= 487.4688 lb/ft2 Ignore
Total= 1904 lb/ft2

Base Slab
1. Upward soil reaction at base= 5385.810 lb/ft2

Moment Calculations Centreline

5076 lb/ft
1618 A B
lb /ft E
B

Due to symmetry half of the frame of the

box culvert is considered for moment
distribution.

1904 F
lb/ft D 5386 lb/ft C
C

Fixed End Moments

MFAB= Wl2/12= 37794.14 ft-lb
MFBA= -Wl2/12= -37794.14 ft-lb

MFAD= -(pl2/12+wl/15) -8810.18 ft-lb

MFDA= (pl2/12+wl/10) 9101.52 ft-lb

MFDC= -Wl2/12= -40101.73 ft-lb

MFCD= Wl2/12= 40101.73 ft-lb

Moment Calculation by using Moment Distribution Method

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Relative Stiffness, K = I/L

Where I is constant
KAB= 0.11
KAD= 0.13
Distribution Factor, DFAB=DC= 0.45
Distribution Factor, DFAD=BC= 0.55

Joints A D
Members BA AB AD DA DC
DF 0.45 0.55 0.55 0.45
FEM -37794.1 37794.14 -8810.18 9101.52 -40101.73
Distribution 1 -13114.93 -15869.03 16972.95 14027.26
Carry Over -6557.465 8486.4745 -7934.516
Distribution 2 -3840.04 -4646.44 4344.23 3590.28
Carry Over -1920.019 2172.1166 -2323.218
Distribution 3 -982.86 -1189.26 1271.99 1051.23
Carry Over -491.4297 635.99351 -594.6286
Distribution 4 -287.78 -348.21 325.57 269.06
Carry Over -143.8901 162.78279 -174.1067
Distribution 5 -73.66 -89.13 95.33 78.78
Carry Over -36.82873 47.662635 -44.56267
Distribution 6 -21.57 -26.10 24.40 20.16
Carry Over -10.78341 12.199271 -13.0479
Distribution 7 -5.52 -6.68 7.14 5.90
Carry Over -2.760019 3.571934 -3.339616
Distribution 8 -1.62 -1.96 1.83 1.51
Carry Over -0.808131 0.9142379 -0.977836
Distribution 9 -0.41 -0.50 0.54 0.44
Carry Over -0.206841 0.2676879 -0.250278
Distribution 10 -0.12 -0.15 0.14 0.11
Carry Over -0.060563 0.0685148 -0.073281
Distribution 11 -0.03 -0.04 0.04 0.03
Carry Over -0.015501 0.0200611 -0.018756
Distribution 12 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01
Carry Over -0.004539 0.0051346 -0.005492
Distribution 13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Carry Over -0.001162 0.0015034 -0.001406
Distribution 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total -46958.4 19465.6 -19465.6 21056.9 -21056.9

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Equal Equal

For Horizontal Span AB

Bending Momen at E = wl2/8= 56691.211 ft-lb
Net Bending Momen at E = 37225.6 ft-lb
Bending Momen at F = wl2/8= 60152.598 ft-lb
Net Bending Momen at F = 39095.7 ft-lb

For Vertical member AD

Bending moment at mid point= 13433.776 ft-lb
Net Bending moment= 6827.5 ft-lb

Reinforcement Design (Top Slab)

n= 0.55 d j= 0.816
R= 258.9984 Psi
Moment of Resistance= 61363 ft-lb OK
Area of Steel, As= 2.896 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 8 (provide @ 3.3'' c/c) Code 01
Distribution Steel. As= 0.360 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 5 (provide @ 10.2'' c/c) Code 06

Reinforcement Design at ends(Joint A)

n= 0.46 d j= 0.846
R= 225.17
Moment of Resistance= 53349 ft-lb OK
Max Bending Moment at Joint= 19465.6 ft-lb
Area of Steel, As= 1.023 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 6 (provide @ 5.2'' c/c) Code 02
Distribution Steel, As= 0.360 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 5 (provide @ 10.2'' c/c) Code 07

Reinforcement Design (Bottom Slab)

Max Bending Moment at Centre, F= 39095.7 lb-f

n= 0.552 d j= 0.816
R= 258.9984
Moment of Resistance= 61363.196 ft-lb OK
Area of Steel, As= 3.042 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 8 (provide @ 3.1'' c/c) Code 03
Distribution Steel, As= 0.360 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 5 (provide @ 10.2'' c/c) Code 08

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Reinforcement Design at ends(Joint D)

n= 0.463 d j= 0.846
R= 225.17229
Moment of Resistance= 53348.945 ft-lb OK
Max Bending Moment at Joint= 21056.9 ft-lb
Area of Steel, As= 1.581 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 6 (provide @ 3.4'' c/c) Code 04
Distribuion Steel, As= 0.360 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 5 (provide @ 10.2'' c/c) Code 09

Reinforcement Design (Side Wall)

n= 0.552 d j= 0.816
R= 258.9984
Max. Moment = 21056.9 lb-ft
Compressive force= 25454.683 lbs
Eccentricity, e= 9.93
Ratio e/D= 0.66 O'K
Area of Steel, As= 1.638 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 6 (provide @ 3.2'' c/c) Code 05
Distribuion Steel, As= 0.360 in2
Bar No.to be used, # = 5 (provide @ 10.2'' c/c) Code 10

Areas of bars in slabs, in2/ft

Bar No.

Spacing
in 3 4 5 6 7 8

3 0.44 0.80 1.24 1.76 2.40 3.16

3.5 0.38 0.69 1.06 1.51 2.06 2.71
4 0.33 0.60 0.93 1.32 1.80 2.37
4.5 0.29 0.53 0.83 1.17 1.60 2.11
5 0.26 0.48 0.74 1.06 1.44 1.90
5.5 0.24 0.44 0.68 0.96 1.31 1.72
6 0.22 0.40 0.62 0.88 1.20 1.58
6.5 0.20 0.37 0.57 0.81 1.11 1.46

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7 0.19 0.34 0.53 0.75 1.03 1.35

7.5 0.18 0.32 0.50 0.70 0.96 1.26
8 0.17 0.30 0.47 0.66 0.90 1.19
9 0.15 0.27 0.41 0.59 0.80 1.05
10 0.13 0.24 0.37 0.53 0.72 0.95
12 0.11 0.20 0.31 0.44 0.60 0.79

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22180lb 8.20ft x 6.56ft 15 8 3.3'' 6 5.2'' 8

Loading type A=12500 Size of Box Culvert Thickness 01 02

inches Bar No. Spacing Bar No. Spacing Bar No.

2.5ft x 2.5ft 8 5 9.00 3 8.00 5

2.75ft x 2.75ft 8 5 7.00 5 12.00 5
3.0ft x 3.0ft 8 5 6.00 5 11.00 5
3.5ft x 3.5ft 9 6 8.00 5 9.00 6
4.0ft x 4.0ft 9 6 6.00 5 7.00 6
4.5ft x 4.5ft 10 8 10.00 5 7.00 8
5.0ft x 5.0ft 10 8 9.00 6 8.00 8

Loading type B=7500 I Size of Box Culvert Thickness 01 02

inches Bar No. Spacing Bar No. Spacing Bar No.

2.5ft x 2.5ft 6 5 8.00 NA NA 5

2.75ft x 2.75ft 6 5 7.00 NA NA 5
3.0ft x 3.0ft 8 5 10.00 3 6.00 5
3.5ft x 3.5ft 8 5 8.00 5 12.00 5
4.0ft x 4.0ft 8 5 7.00 5 10.00 5
4.5ft x 4.5ft 8 6 8.00 5 9.00 5
5.0ft x 5.0ft 9 6 7.00 5 8.00 6

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of the frame of the

red for moment

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9 10 11

4.00 5.08 6.25

3.43 4.35 5.36
3.00 3.81 4.68
2.67 3.39 4.17
2.40 3.05 3.75
2.18 2.77 3.41
2.00 2.54 3.12
1.85 2.34 2.89

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1.71 2.18 2.68

1.60 2.03 2.50
1.50 1.91 2.34
1.33 1.69 2.08
1.20 1.52 1.87
1.00 1.27 1.56

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3.1'' 6 3.4'' 6 3.2'' 5 10.2''

BILL OF QUANTITIES
03 04 05 06, 07, 08, 09, 10
Spacing Bar No. Spacing Bar No. Spacing Bar No. Spacing No. of Spans =
Length of culvert in feet =
Total Quantity of R.C.C. in cu
8.00 3 6.00 5 12.00 3 6.00 Total Quantity of R.C.C. in cu
7.00 5 12.00 5 12.00 3 6.00 Total Quantity of P.C.C. in cu
6.00 5 11.00 5 11.00 3 6.00 Total Quantity of P.C.C. in cu
8.00 5 9.00 5 9.00 3 6.00 Total Quantity of Steel in tons
6.00 5 7.00 5 7.00 3 6.00
10.00 5 7.00 5 6.00 5 12.00
8.00 6 8.00 6 8.00 5 12.00

03 04 05 06, 07, 08, 09, 10

Spacing Bar No. Spacing Bar No. Spacing Bar No. Spacing

8.00 NA NA 5 8.00 3 6.00

7.00 NA NA 5 7.00 3 6.00
10.00 3 6.00 3 6.00 3 6.00
8.00 5 12.00 5 12.00 3 6.00
6.00 5 10.00 5 10.00 3 6.00
7.00 5 9.00 5 8.00 3 6.00
7.00 5 8.00 5 8.00 3 6.00

3 6.00
3 6.00
3 6.00
3 6.00
3 6.00
3 6.00
3 6.00

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BILL OF QUANTITIES Actual Adopt

No. of Spans = 10
Length of culvert in feet = 40
Total Quantity of R.C.C. in cu-ft = 6827.7 6828
Total Quantity of R.C.C. in cu-m = 193.2239 193
Total Quantity of P.C.C. in cu-ft = 189.05 189
Total Quantity of P.C.C. in cu-m = 5.350115 5
Total Quantity of Steel in tons = 24.38464 24

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Reinfocement Design

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