BASIC HSE TRAINING

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BASIC
HSE
TRAINING

EMCO 1
 BASIC HSE TRAINING
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INTRODUCTION TO
HEALTH,SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT

 All employees in our company are

expected to perform their job without
compromising the safety standards
 All possible efforts shall be made to
in the interest of accident
prevention,fire-protection,health
preservation and environment
protection.

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ACCIDENT / INCIDENT
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Acts of God 2%
Unsafe Conditions 20%

20%

Unsafe Acts 78% 78 %

UNSAFE CONDITIONS UNSAFE ACTS

ACTS OF GOD

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ACCIDENT / INCIDENT
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 If we realize that most unsafe conditions are brought

about by human failure, then virtually all accidents are
brought about by unsafe acts.

 External Pressure -- "Let's get this job done,

somehow !“

 Bad Habits -- We fail to follow the established procedure

and we don't get hurt (or we were not caught) this time.

 Internal Pressure -- There is just so much to do and not

enough time!", we will not finish the job if we get hurt. We
may finish the job if we don't get hurt.

 Attitude -- "This safety stuff doesn't apply to me!" So what

makes you so special? Humans are humans.

Remember, safety is no more than doing the job the right way,
every day.

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ACCIDENT/INCIDENT

Cost of Accidents
 Direct cost
 Indirect cost

Hazard
 A hazard is generally defined as any source or
situation which has a potential to cause injury to
people, damage to properties or an impact on
environment.  

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ACCIDENT/INCIDENT

Accident prevention and control:

 Don’t handle substances without knowing their hazards.
 Follow PTW requirements.
 Abide by plant safety rules.
 Don’t remove guards from machines.
 Don’t use machines if you do not know to operate safely & follow
instructions.
 Comply with safe working practices.
 Wear and use PPE correctly. Don’t abuse it.
 Don’t direct compressed air at yourselves or others.
 Never mess around while working.
 Never use defective equipment or machinery.
 Help to keep the workplace clean & tidy.
 Wash & dry hands to remove substances from skin.
 Report unsafe conditions to your supervisor.
 Use correct tools & equipments for the job.
 Obey all safety rules & signs.
 Don’t leave tools lying about where they can fall.

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ACCIDENT/INCIDENT

Accident Reporting and its benefits

 By law you must report all accidents and near miss which
happen at work to your employer.
 Ensure that the accident report is prepared.
 If you don’t do these things you could be prosecuted and be
unable to claim compensation for injuries sustained.
 Know the contact number of your safety rep.
 Know the emergency procedure in case of accident.
 By reporting an accident you are helping in
preventing its recurrence

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GENERAL HSE RULES

 Think before you act, to determine whether it is absolutely

safe.
 Always follow the instructions given to you
 Use your knowledge obtained through trainings
 Use your PPE
 Avoid Unsafe manual handling, loading, stacking & storing
 Avoid Over loading of working places, scaffolding & hoist
 Avoid In correct use of plant & machinery
 Avoid Use of faulty equipments with improvised repairs
 Avoid Illegal removal of guards and barriers
 Do not Ignore safety signals, signs and warning devices

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HOUSEKEEPING

 Arrange tools and equipment in an orderly manner.

 Route electric cables safely to avoid tripping hazards
 Keep the working platform clear of loose materials
 Dispose off scrap materials at the end of days work
 All protruding nails shall be removed or hammered flush to the
surface, so that they don’t cause harm.
 Proper house keeping helps in avoiding wastage of
materials/time
 Do not block fire exits or access to fire fighting equipment by
dumping materials
 Do not store flammable/combustible materials near heat
sources
 Remove spillage of oil, water etc., immediately.
 Toilet, washing & drinking facilities are provided for your
convenience. Please help to keep them clean and sanitary.

“A PLACE FOR EVERYTING AND EVERYTHING IN

ITS PLACE”
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

(PPE)
 PPE are the last line of defense for controlling a hazard.
 Using PPE means the hazard exists through out the duration of work
and it could not be controlled by all previous methods.
 Means to say, even a short while of not using proper PPE or using
unsuitable / defective PPE will expose the person to that hazard.
Types and Usage
 Head protection - Helmets
 Eye protection – Shields, Goggles, Face shields etc.,
 Ear protection – Ear plugs, Ear muffs etc.,
 Respiratory protection – Dust masks, Escape masks, Breathing
apparatus etc.,
 Hand protection – Cotton Gloves,Leather gloves, Rubber gloves etc.,
 Foot protection – Safety shoes – Antistatic, Slip resistant, Non –
conducting etc.,
 Skin protection – Cover alls, Gloves, Apron, Sleeves
Maintenance
 Cleaning
 Disinfecting
 Storing
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GENERAL FIRST AID

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 Know the location of First Aid kit.

 Know the name of First Aider and contact number.
 Know the location of phone and understand the procedure for
calling emergency services.
 Remove the hazard from the casualty if safe to do so.
 Call for help – First Aider.
 Send some one to phone for an ambulance if necessary.
 Don’t move or disturb the casualty.
 Remain with the casualty, give reassurance.
 Make the casualty as comfortable as possible.
 Don’t give drinks / food. Moisten lips only.
 Don’t allow smoking.

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FIRE
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 Fire is decomposition of substances with the absorption

of oxygen under the influence of heat

For combustion to continue all three factors must be

present.
Removal of any of the above, leads to collapse of the
triangle and combustion stops.

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METHODS OF FIRE FIGHTING
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Starvation - Removal or limitation of fuel

Smothering - Limitation of oxygen

Cooling - Removal or limitation of heat

Inhibition - Breaking the chain reactions.

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FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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CHEMICAL SAFETY
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Material Safety Data Sheets

 Employer must have an MSDS for every hazardous
substance used in the job.
 MSDSs must be available to all users during the
normal working hours of the workplace.
 Employees have the right to refuse to use a
product if the employer cannot provide the details
of the MSDS.

Contents of MSDS
• Company Information • Reactivity Data
• Hazardous • Spill & Leak
Ingredients Procedures
• Physical Data • Special Protection
• Fire and Explosion Information
Data • Special Precautions
• Health Hazard Data

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CHEMICAL SAFETY
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CHEMICAL SAFETY
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Labeling and Marking Systems - DOT Labels

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REFINERY HAZARDS
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COMMON SOURCES OF H2S

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REFINERY HAZARDS
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H2S or Toxic Gas Exposure

 Hydrogen Sulfide – characterized by an odor of
rotten eggs.
 A very small concentration can be fatal. When
encountered, employees must wear approved
type masks when their work requires them to be
exposed to the gas, in any way.
 Hydrogen Sulfide is highly toxic, colorless, and
heavier than air. It has the odor of rotten eggs,
initially.
 The only positive means is by testing with an approved
H2S detector.
DO NOT RELY SOLELY ON THE SENSE OF SMELL!

 It forms an explosive mixture with air.

The LEL is 4.3%
The UEL is 46%.

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REFINERY HAZARDS
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H2S or Toxic Gas Exposure

General Procedures
 Any area where H2S has been reported or encountered,
or where there is insufficient oxygen, there should be NO
entry until sufficient tests have been made to determine
the extent of the hazard and the area is purged to reduce
the hazard to allowable concentrations.
 For Toxic atmospheres, the employer should require
proper respiratory equipment to be used by a trained
employee, required to enter the area.
 Employees required to enter should be required to wear
a safety harness with tail line for emergency retrieval.
 A rescue watch(buddy), stationed outside of the hazard
area with proper rescue equipment is also required to
assist in case of emergency.
 Canister-type filter masks should not be used.
 Employees should be required to wear self contained
respirators (SCBA) in those atmospheres where tests
indicated oxygen content is less than necessary to sustain
life.

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REFINERY HAZARDS
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H2S or Toxic Gas Exposure

 All employees should be trained and periodically
refreshed in the use and operation of breathing equipment
available on the job.
 Medical personnel readily available for consult on matters
of occupational health. Emergency numbers should be
conspicuously posted.
 At least one employee, if not more, per shift trained in 1 st

aid and CPR, and be on-site.

 Where harmful chemicals are being used, readily

accessible facilities should be available for rapid flushing of

the eyes and/or skin areas.

NEVER FORGET THAT HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IS A

DEADLY GAS.

TAKE NO CHANCES WITH IT!

KNOW WHAT CONCENTRATION OF THE GAS IS

PRESENT BEFORE DOING ANY WORK IN IT.
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 BASIC HSE TRAINING

REFINERY HAZARDS
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H2S or Toxic Gas Exposure

In an emergency, the first thing to remember, is
to get to a safe place, then…….
1. Call for emergency services
2. Put on the proper rescue personal protective
equipment
3. Locate victims and move to safe fresh air
areas. Always move upwind or crosswind to
safe areas.
4. Administer rescue breathing or CPR if
necessary (If you are trained & confident)
5. Seek medical attention immediately.

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ENVIRONMENT HAZARDS
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Contamination
 Land
 Water
 Air
Waste Management
 Hazardous wastes
 Non-Hazardous wastes
 A separate area shall be earmarked for storage of wastes

 Hazardous wastes, if any, (such as flammable, corrosive,

toxic, explosive etc) shall be stored separately from other
materials.

 Site storekeeper/ the engineer-in-charge (or his

nominated representative) will be responsible for the
collection and disposal of waste.
 Disposal of chemical containers, if any, shall be left to the
approved agencies. However, it is to be noted that the
relevant MSDS shall be passed on to the agency and such
containers shall never be dumped as general construction
waste.
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 BASIC HSE TRAINING

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY

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Electricity is silent, invisible, and potentially fatal, so it

deserves the utmost respect. Never ever take electricity for
granted, and never assume a circuit is dead.
      Only suitable and authorised electrical supplies
and equipment should be used, which should be
installed and maintained by trained electricians.
     Suitable protection such as circuit breakers, fuses, and residual
current devices, must always be used, along with the correct load
ratings.
     Circuit breakers should be tested regularly, for their effectiveness.
     Use calibrated measuring equipment, to ensure its accuracy.
     Always use cables of correct ampere rating
     Remove the plug of the electrical equipment when not used.
     Do not remove plug by pulling the cable
     Never overload electrical sockets
     Carry out visual checks of plugs, sockets and cables – if any
damage is identified then remove from service and report
immediately.    
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 BASIC HSE TRAINING

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY

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 Electrical cables should be suspended where practicable to avoid

damage and damp conditions (which also reduces a trip hazard).
     In order to handle materials over cables, lying on ground, make a
ramp to protect the cable.
     Do not meddle with electrical installations of others. Call the
responsible person for help.
     Any cable joints must utilise proper connector blocks, not just
insulating tape and it must be ensure that they are protected from
damage. Avoid joints in cables as far as possible.
     Ensure cables are long enough for the task. Do not drag/transfer
power tools by their cables.
     The inner insulation of cables should never be visible – the outer
insulation should extend into plugs and equipment and fully utilise cable
grips.
     Do not tamper with fuses
     Follow Lock Out/Tag Out procedure whenever you have to carry
out maintenance on electrical equipment. .(Only trained personnel are
authorised to carry out Lock out/Tag out).
     Where “Emergency Stop” switches are present ensure they are
tested regularly.
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OVER VIEW OF WORK PERMIT SYSTEM

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 Cold work
 Hot work
 Confined space entry
 Excavation
 Radiation
 Vehicle Entry

Only personnel trained and authorised

by the client can carry out PTW

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EMERGENCY EVACUATION & PREPAREDNESS

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 Know the Emergency contact numbers

 Know the location of Assembly point
 Know the Emergency procedures of the client

In an emergency, the first thing to remember, is to get to a

safe place,
• Put on the proper rescue personal protective
equipment
• Call for emergency services
• Always move upwind or crosswind to safe areas.
• Seek medical attention immediately, if there is any
victim.

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 BASIC HSE TRAINING

NOISE HAZARDS
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As per OSHA, for an 8-hour work shift, one is not allowed

to be exposed to more than 85 decibels

The main types of hearing protection are:

1. Earmuffs, which completely cover the ear.

2. Earplugs, which are inserted in the ear canal.
3. Semi inserts also called canal caps, which cover the entran
to the ear canal.

It must:

1. Reduce noise exposure to below 85 decibels.

2. Be suitable for working environment consider comfort a
hygiene.
3. Be compatible with other protective equipment e.g. hard ha
dust mask and eye protection.

Check:

1.      The over all condition is still good and it is clean.

2.      Earmuff seals are undamaged.
3.      The tension in the headbands is not reduced.
4.      Compressible earplugs are soft, pliable and clean.
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 BASIC HSE TRAINING

TRAFFIC HAZARDS AND SAFETY

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 All the vehicles shall be operated by licensed drivers holding

valid driving license.
Obey sign boards
Do not park vehicles in un-authorised areas or by obstructing
the movement of emergency services
 Do not drive vehicles in un-authorised areas
 Avoid over speeding
 Slow down at curves and avoid sharp turns
 Speed limit of the vehicles shall be restricted as per site
rules.
 If the vehicle has to reverse in crowded areas, a helper shall
assist the driver.
Workmen shall not sleep under the parked vehicles.
It will be the responsibility of the drivers to ensure that their
vehicles are not overloaded.
Drivers will be responsible for the regular maintenance of the
vehicle.
The materials shall be tied properly when loaded to the
vehicles to prevent its dislodgment while moving 29
 BASIC HSE TRAINING

EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY TO HSE

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All employees, as a condition of employment, shall

individually familiarize themselves with and comply
with all health and safety regulations and
instructions.
They shall use prescribed personal protection
apparel and equipment and protective devices
provided for machinery, equipment, tools, and
processes.
They shall develop intelligent and safe work habits
by following procedures, safe practices, and safety
rules and regulations in order to protect themselves
and other workers from injury; and to prevent
damage to materials, equipment, facilities and
environment.
They should contribute any suggestions that may
assist in the effort to prevent accidents and injuries.

They will not undertake a job for which they do not

understand the risk, hazards or safety precautions,
or a job for which they have not received proper
instructions, training, and authorization.
It is the responsibility of all employees to report all
accidents or near misses to their respective
supervisors.
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 BASIC HSE TRAINING

Material handling regulations:

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 Preplan the lift. Don’t place any part of the

body below the hoisted load.

 Use tested slings. Do not exceed SWL.

 Use taglines to guide the load. Manual guiding

should be avoided.
 Ensure that the personnel are not positioned in

corners where emergency movement is

restricted.
 Beware of pinch points

 Wear PPE.Adopt proper signaling method and

ensure proper communication and co-

ordination.
 Adopt proper rigging method based on

packing dimensions.
 Ensure proper guiding of the load to avoid

jerks and swaying of the load.

 Ensure the access is clear for the

transportation of the load.

 Ensure the slings used are suitable for the

purpose intended & examine them prior to

usage.
 BASIC HSE TRAINING

Material handling regulations:

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 Ensure padding wherever the slings come in

contact with sharp corners.
 Ensure that the lifting machinery had a valid
certificate to ascertain its condition.
 Ensure that the operator has a valid license
and is aware of signaling methods.
 Ensure the proper functioning of all controls
like limit switches, overloading devices,
brakes, load moment indicators etc.,
 Ensure that the movement of the load is clear
of all obstructions and overhead hazards.
 Barricade the working area and post warning
signs in order to warn the other workers.
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Manual handling :
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 Plan the lift.

 Use mechanical aids wherever possible.know
the weight of the material to be lifted.
 Decide where the load has to be placed.
 If load is heavy or awkward - get help.
 If travelling a long distance with the load,
consider a set down / rest point in between.
 Adopt a good posture to keep the back
straight.
 Get a firm grip of the load.
 Carry out lifting movement smoothly.Do not
jerk,.
 Move the feet- don’t twist the trunk.
 Keep the load close to the trunk.
 For precise positioning,put it down first and
then slide it into required position.
 Position feet, shoulder width apart, giving a
balanced and stable base for lifting.
 Wear PPE.