Shree Ambabai Talim Sanstha’s

SANJAY BHOKARE GROUP OF INSTITUTES, MIRAJ

FACULTY OF POLYTECHNIC
Institute Code: 1552

Department Of Civil Engineering

Micro Project Report
On

Universal testing machine & Compression Testing Machine

Prepared By

Roll no. Enrolment No. Name

2101 2015520003 SARVESH SURESH MORE
2105 2015520007 NEMADE RUSHIKESH SANJAY
2107 2015520036 SANADE MUJJAMIL FAKRUDDINALI
2113 2115520172 PAWAR OMKAR SURESH
2114 2115520173 JADHAV ATHARV ANIL

Under the Guidance of

Mr.A.S.Kulkarni

Submitted To

Maharashtra StateBoard of Technical Education, Mumbai

(Autonomous) (ISO-9001-2008) (ISO/IEC 27001:2013)
Academic Year 2021-2022

1
 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate
This is to certify that following students,

Roll no. Enrolment No. Name

2101 2015520003 SARVESH SURESH MORE
2105 2015520007 NEMADE RUSHIKESH SANJAY
2107 2015520036 SANADE MUJJAMIL FAKRUDDINALI
2113 2115520172 PAWAR OMKAR SURESH
2114 2115520173 JADHAV ATHARV ANIL
of Third Semester of Diploma in Civil Engineering , of Institute ATS Sanjay
Bhokare Group Of Institutes, Faculty Of Polytechnic, Miraj. (Code: 1552) are
completed the Micro Project work satisfactorily in course Mechanics of
Structure(22303) for the academic year 2021to 2022 as prescribed in the
curriculum.

Place: Miraj
Date:

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Mr.A.S. Kulkarni Mrs.G.P. Gavane Mr.C.P. Divte

PART A – Micro-Project Proposal

2
 Universal testing machine & Compression Testing Machine

1.0 Brief Introduction

UTM - A universal testing machine (UTM), also known as a universal tester,[1] materials
testing machine or materials test frame, is used to test the tensile strength and compressive
strength of materials. An earlier name for a tensile testing machine is a tensometer. The "universal"
part of the name reflects that it can perform many standard tensile and compression tests on materials,
components, and structures.

CTM - All the civil engineering works, some time or the other has to be tested on Compression
Testing Machine for assurance of quality of raw material, finished products etc. Compression Testing
Machine being a major tool for ascertaining quality of work, has to be reviewed for its efficiency and
correctness after regular time interval.

2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project-

1) Apply knowledge of basic mathematics, sciences and basic engineering to solve the broad-based
engineering related problems.

2) Apply laws of mechanics to solve day to day engineering related problems.

3.0 Intended Course Outcomes

❖ Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the result to solve engineering related
problems.
❖ Analyse Sructural behavior of materials under various loading conditions.
❖ This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the industry identified
competency.

4.0 Literature Review

UTM- Tensile tests are conducted to obtained the force needed to break a plastic sample and
the maximum elongation before the breaking point. a stress-strain graph is obtained that
will be used to determine the tensile modulus. by having the results of the testing, it provides more
information on the specification of the material, designing products to have
certainapplication to endure forces. universal testing machines !utm" is the most common machine that

3
is used for tensile test. #t comes with wider verities for various materials and has various capacity of
load ranging from, 5kn,50kn & 600kn

CTM- Digital Compression Testing Machine, Capacity 1000kN, Hand Operated is a four Pillar
type portable model available with a detachable Digital Display Unit operated through a rechargeable
battery. It is also supplied with the manufacturer NABL Calibration Certificate.
The equipment consists of a loading unit, an integral double-acting manually operated pumping unit
fitted to the base of the machine and a calibrated Digital Indicator on the top. The pump has a
detachable handle. The hydraulic cylinder is placed on the base of the Loading Unit.

5.0 Proposed Methodology

❖ Universal testing machine –
o Types of UTM Machine
The engineering tensile test is also known as tension test which vary widely used for providing
the base of the design information on the strength of material and as an acceptance test for the
specialaction of the materials. Tensile tests are very simple, relatively, inexpensive, and fully
standardized. Under the pulling type of loading a material, it can be very quickly determined how the
material will react to the these type of forces being applied in tension. As the materials are being
pulled, its strength and elongation can be found out. A lot about a substance can be learned from
tensile testing. As the machine continues to pull on the material until it breaks, a good, complete
tensile prole can be obtained. The stress - strain curve shows how the material reacts to the force being
applied. In the tension test a specimen is subjected to a continually increasing one directional tensile
force while simultaneous observations are made of the elongation of the specimen. The resulting
output from such a test is recorded as load versus displacement/elongation and can be graphically
displayed as a load - elongation curve. Load - elongation curve is then converted to engineering-stress
versus engineering-strain curve to evaluate the tensile properties of materials. Very often engineering-
stress versus engineering-strain curves need to be converted to true-stress versus true-strain curves.
The tensile properties that can be obtained from the stress-strain curves are yield strength, tensile
strength, fracture strength, percent total elongation, uniform elongation, strain hardening exponent,
modulus of resilience, and modulus of toughness

• Types of tensile testing include:

➢ ˆ Adhesion/Bond Strength ˆ
➢ Crimp Joint Pull-o Force
➢ ˆ Peel ˆ

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 ➢ Tear Resistance

• The data produced in a tensile test can be used in many ways including: ˆ
➢ To determine batch quality ˆ
➢ To determine consistency in manufacture
➢ ˆ To aid in the design process ˆ
➢ To reduce material costs and achieve lean manufacturing goals ˆ
➢ To ensure compliance with international and industry standards

Fig.1.1

❖ Compression Testing Machine

o Types of CTM Machine
• Hydraulic Compression Testing Machine

• Flexural Compression Testing Machine

• Semi-Automatic Compression Testing Machine

Hydraulic Compression Testing Machine

Hydraulic compression testing machine is suitable for compressive strength test of concrete,
cement mortar, brick and other materials. It is used in metrology bureau, quality supervision bureau,
inspector, concrete mixing station, cement mixing station, brick and tile factory, etc. This equipment
adopts hydraulic manual loading, digital display, electronic force measurement, synchronous display
of load and speed, with a strong overload protection and power-off data protection. The test results are
processed automatically, and the test reports are printed.

5
 Fig.1.2
Flexural Compression Testing Machine

This product is suitable for flexural strength test of concrete specimens and compressive
strength test of building materials such as cement mortar and red brick. It is generally suitable for
highway, bridge, building, building materials and other industry laboratories. The conventional tests
are cement compressive strength, mortar compressive strength and concrete flexural strength test.
Flexural compression testing machine adopts hydraulic loading, electronic force measurement, with
load digital display, loading speed display, maximum load maintenance, overload protection and
power failure data protection and other functions. Automatic test data processing and printing out test
reports.

Fig.1.3

Semi-Automatic Compression Testing Machine

Compressive strength test of brick, cement mortar, concrete and other building materials. It can
also be used for mechanical properties test of other materials. The computer controls the lifting of the
machine screw without manual operation. Semi-automatic compression testing machine adopts

6
hydraulic loading, electronic force measurement, with load digital display, maximum load
maintenance and power-off data protection functions. Automatic test data processing and printing out
test reports.

Fig.1.4

6.0 Resources Required -

S. No. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks

Resource/material
1 Laptop Any windows or ios 1 Per batch
2 Websites, book Ijrcte.in, researchgate.in 2 Per batch
Author of book -v.k.kumawat

7.0 Action Plan-

S. Details of activity Planned Planned Name of

No. Start date Finish date Responsible
Team
Members
1 Selected group member 01Oct 2021 06 Oct 2021 All members

2 Selected topic 07Oct 2021 14 Oct 2021 All Members

3 We discussed with guide 15Oct 2021 22Oct 2021 All members
4 Collected rough information 23Oct 2021 01Nov 2021 All members

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 5 Conformed collected data 02Nov 2021 09Nov2021 All members
6 Arranged the information in 10Nov 2021 17Nov 2021 All members
given format
7 Check the information by our 18Nov 25 Nov All members
teacher 2021 2021
8 Printed the collected 26Nov 02 Dec 2021 All members
information and arrange it in 2021
file

PART B – Micro-Project Report

Universal testing machine & Compression Testing Machine

1.0 Rationale

CTM-
Compression testing machine plays a crucial role in evaluating the strength and compression
ability of materials and products. In fact, It is widely used for different purposes and in different
industries. Generally, manufacturers use a compression tester to evaluate the quality and properties of
their finished products. Construction companies, use a compression testing machine to ensure a
material has the required properties and features.

UTM- The engineering tensile test is also known as tension test which vary widely used for
providing the base of the design information on the strength of material and as an acceptance test for
the specication of the materials. Tensile tests are very simple, relatively, inexpensive, and fully
standardized. Under the pulling type of loading a material, it can be very quickly determined how the
material will react to the these type of forces being applied in tension. As the materials are being
pulled, its strength and elongation can be found out. A lot about a substance can be learned from
tensile testing. As the machine continues to pull on the material until it breaks, a good, complete
tensile prole can be obtained. The stress - strain curve shows how the material reacts to the force being
applied. In the tension test a specimen is subjected to a continually increasing one directional tensile
force while simultaneous observations are made of the elongation of the specimen.

8
2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

The selection of a material to make a product is done based on the various

characteristics and properties exhibited by the material in various conditions, forces and environment.
To quantify the material property for a person who is not too familiar with it, a standard testing method
is brought into play and for this a Universal Testing Machine is used. The conventional UTM
machines built by companies are not exactly cost eactive or user friendly. And at times high capacity
machines do not register low measurements values
More over most of the old generation UTM's use hydraulic or pneumatic drive systems and
controlled using old and outdated interface and software, making them hard to be integrated to any
new systems or giving them a much needed upgrade. These machines use an extensometer to measure
the change in length. The conventional UTM's are extremely bulky, so they take up a considerable
amount of space and cannot be moved or relocated once they are xed and calibrated for a position.

3.0 Literature Review

The design, construction, calibration and compliance measurement of a universal testing machine for
tensile tests on thin and soft materials were discussed. The design has the capability to obtain
displacement as small as 0.001 mm and maximum loads of 220 N. The estimated compliance machine
value was 0.16 µm/N as measured with a stiff material. The mechanical properties of a 500HN
Kempton polymer film were measured and compared with the mean values reported by the supplier as
well as independent testing using a commercial testing machine. The corrected average elastic
modulus and the yield point of Kempton film determined with our home-made testing machine were
2.7 GPa, and 61.0 Mpa. This elastic modulus value was corrected in about 1.1% for the case of
Kempton, and represents a slight difference as compared with the mean values reported by the
supplier; and is also in reasonable agreement with the values obtained with the Shimadzu machine.
The performance and low compliance value of our testing machine indicate that it is appropriate to
obtain reliable mechanical properties of compliant materials in thin and soft materials. Our testing
machine permits to interchange different elements according to the user requirements. An additional
advantage of our testing machine is the lower cost and smaller size compared to other commercial
machines. Future efforts will address the use of this equipment to obtain the mechanical properties of
thin

9
4.0 Actual Methodology Followed
❖ Universal testing machine –
o Types of UTM Machine
The engineering tensile test is also known as tension test which vary widely used for providing
the base of the design information on the strength of material and as an acceptance test for the
specication of the materials. Tensile tests are very simple, relatively, inexpensive, and fully
standardized. Under the pulling type of loading a material, it can be very quickly determined how the
material will react to the these type of forces being applied in tension. As the materials are being
pulled, its strength and elongation can be found out. A lot about a substance can be learned from
tensile testing. As the machine continues to pull on the material until it breaks, a good, complete
tensile prole can be obtained. The stress - strain curve shows how the material reacts to the force being
applied. In the tension test a specimen is subjected to a continually increasing one directional tensile
force while simultaneous observations are made of the elongation of the specimen. The resulting
output from such a test is recorded as load versus displacement/elongation and can be graphically
displayed as a load - elongation curve. Load - elongation curve is then converted to engineering-stress
versus engineering-strain curve to evaluate the tensile properties of materials. Very often engineering-
stress versus engineering-strain curves need to be converted to true-stress versus true-strain curves.
The tensile properties that can be obtained from the stress-strain curves are yield strength, tensile
strength, fracture strength, percent total elongation, uniform elongation, strain hardening exponent,
modulus of resilience, and modulus of toughness

• Types of tensile testing include:

➢ ˆ Adhesion/Bond Strength ˆ
➢ Crimp Joint Pull-o Force
➢ ˆ Peel ˆ
➢ Tear Resistance

• The data produced in a tensile test can be used in many ways including: ˆ
➢ To determine batch quality ˆ
➢ To determine consistency in manufacture
➢ ˆ To aid in the design process ˆ
➢ To reduce material costs and achieve lean manufacturing goals ˆ
➢ To ensure compliance with international and industry standards

10
 Fig.2.1

❖ Compression Testing Machine

o Types of CTM Machine
• Hydraulic Compression Testing Machine

• Flexural Compression Testing Machine

• Semi-Automatic Compression Testing Machine

Hydraulic Compression Testing Machine

Hydraulic compression testing machine is suitable for compressive strength test of concrete,
cement mortar, brick and other materials. It is used in metrology bureau, quality supervision bureau,
inspector, concrete mixing station, cement mixing station, brick and tile factory, etc. This equipment
adopts hydraulic manual loading, digital display, electronic force measurement, synchronous display
of load and speed, with a strong overload protection and power-off data protection. The test results are
processed automatically, and the test reports are printed.

Fig.2.2

11
Flexural Compression Testing Machine

This product is suitable for flexural strength test of concrete specimens and compressive
strength test of building materials such as cement mortar and red brick. It is generally suitable for
highway, bridge, building, building materials and other industry laboratories. The conventional tests
are cement compressive strength, mortar compressive strength and concrete flexural strength test.
Flexural compression testing machine adopts hydraulic loading, electronic force measurement, with
load digital display, loading speed display, maximum load maintenance, overload protection and
power failure data protection and other functions. Automatic test data processing and printing out test
reports.

Fig.2.3

Semi-Automatic Compression Testing Machine

Compressive strength test of brick, cement mortar, concrete and other building materials. It can
also be used for mechanical properties test of other materials. The computer controls the lifting of the
machine screw without manual operation. Semi-automatic compression testing machine adopts
hydraulic loading, electronic force measurement, with load digital display, maximum load
maintenance and power-off data protection functions. Automatic test data processing and printing out
test reports.

12
 Fig.2.4

Fully Automatic Compression Testing Machine

Fully automatic compression testing machine is also named computer controlled CTM and
servo controlled CTM. It is mainly used to testing compression strength of cement, concrete, brick,
other building materials. TSY-2000A CTM has its excellent software to control the machine operation
and different test. Automatic compression testing machine adopts high precision digital micro-valve
with force closed-loop control function. It can realize equal load rate loading or equal stress rate
loading. It has high control precision and good reliability.

Fig.2.5

Automatic Flexural Compression Testing Machine

This product is applicable to the test of concrete compressive testing, cement compressive testing,
cement flexural testing, cement mortar compressive and flexural testing. Automatic flexural
compression testing machine adopts high precision digital micro-valve with force closed-loop control
function. It can realize equal load rate loading or equal stress rate loading. It has high control precision
and good reliability.

13
 Fig.2.6

5.0 Actual Resources Used -

S. No. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks

Resource/material
1 laptop Any windows or ios 1 Per batch
2 Websites, book Ijrcte.in, researchgate.in, 2 Per batch
Author of book –sunil.s.deo

6.0 Outputs of the Micro-Project –

This product is applicable to the compressive strength test of cement, cement mortar, red brick,
and other building materials. 300kn(30ton) compression testing machine adopts hydraulic loading,
electronic force measurement, with load digital display, loading speed display, maximum load
maintenance, overload protection and power failure data protection and other functions. Automatic test
data processing and printing out test reports.

7.0 Skill Developed / learning out of this Micro-Project

This product is suitable for flexural strength test of concrete specimens and compressive
strength test of building materials such as cement mortar and red brick. It is generally suitable for
highway, bridge, building, building materials and other industry laboratories. The conventional tests
are cement compressive strength, mortar compressive strength and concrete flexural strength test.
Flexural compression testing machine adopts hydraulic loading, electronic force measurement, with
load digital display, loading speed display, maximum load maintenance, overload protection and
power failure data protection and other functions. Automatic test data processing and printing out test
reports.

14
8.0 Applications of this Micro-Project

The material possess various mechanical properties. Compressive stress is the stress developed
in the material due to the compressive load. In other words, is the compressive load per unit cross
sectional area of the material. Different materials have different compressive strength.

9.0 Area of Future Improvement

Hydraulic compression testing machine is suitable for compressive strength test of concrete,
cement mortar, brick and other materials. It is used in metrology bureau, quality supervision bureau,
inspector, concrete mixing station, cement mixing station, brick and tile factory, etc. This equipment
adopts hydraulic manual loading, digital display, electronic force measurement, synchronous display
of load and speed, with a strong overload protection and power-off data protection. The test results are
processed automatically, and the test reports are printed.

**************

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 Annexure – III

Teacher Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student: ………………………………………………………… Enrollment

No.……………………………………
Name of Programme………………………………………………… Semester:
………………………………………… Course Title
………………………………………………………………..Code:………………………………………………
………………

Title of the Micro-Project:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(For Office Use Only)

Course Outcomes Achieved
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………….
Evaluation as per Suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro Project
✓ (Please tick in appropriate cell for each characteristic)
S. Characteristic to Poor Average Good Excellent
No be assessed ( Marks 1-3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )
.
1 Relevance to the Relate to very Related to some Take care of at- Take care of more
course few LOs Los least one CO than one CO
✓ ..
2 Literature Not more than At-least 5 relevant At –least 7 relevant About 10 relevant
Survey two sources sources, at least 2 sources, most latest sources, most latest
/information (primary and latest
collection secondary), very
old reference

3 Completion of Completed less Completed 50 to Completed 60 to Completed more

the Target as per than 50% 60% 80% than 80 %
project proposal
4 Analysis of Data Sample Size Sufficient and Sufficient and Enough data
and small, data appropriate sample, appropriate sample, collected by
representation neither organized enough data enough data sufficient and
nor presented generated but not generated which is appropriate sample
well organized and not organized and size. Proper
presented well. No presented well but inferences drawn
or poor inferences poor inferences by organising and
drawn drawn presenting data
through tables,
charts and graphs.

16
S. Characteristic to Poor Average Good Excellent
No be assessed ( Marks 1-3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )
.

5 Quality of Incomplete Just Well Well

Prototype/Model fabrication/assem assembled/fabricate assembled/fabricate assembled/fabricate
bly. d and parts are not d with proper d with proper
functioning well. functioning parts. functioning parts.
Not in proper In proper shape, In proper shape,
shape, dimensions within tolerance within tolerance
beyond tolerance dimensions and dimensions and
limit. good good
Appearance/finish finish/appearance. finish/appearance.
is shabby. But no creativity in Creativity in design
design and use of and use of material
material

6 Report Very short, poor Nearly sufficient Detailed, correct Very detailed,
Preparation quality sketches, and correct details and clear correct, clear
Details about about methods, description of description of
methods, material, methods, materials, methods, materials,
material, precautions and precautions and precautions and
precaution and conclusion, but Conclusions. conclusions.
conclusions clarity is not there Sufficient Graphic Enough tables,
omitted, some in presentation. But Description. charts and sketches
details are wrong not enough graphic
description.

7 Presentation Major Includes major Includes major Well organized,

information is not information but not information and includes major
included, well organized and well organized but information ,well
information is not not presented well not presented well presented
well organized .
8 Any other
(depending upon
nature of project:
please write
indicators by pen)

Defense Could not reply Replied to Replied properly to Replied most of the
9 to considerable considerable considerable questions properly
number of number of number of question.
question. questions but not
very properly

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 MIcro-Project Evaluation Sheet

Process Assessment Product Assessment Total

Part A - Project Project Methodology Part B - Project individual Marks
Proposal (2 marks) Report/Working Model Presentation/Viva 10
(2 marks) (2 marks) (4 marks)

Note:
Every course teacher is expected to assign marks for group evolution for each group of students in first 3
columns as per rubrics & individual evaluation in 4TH columnfor each group of studentsas per rubricsbased on
viva.

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Any Other Comment:

……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………

Name and designation of the Faculty Member…………………………………….

Signature………………………………………………………………………………

Date:………………………..

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