Module assessment: Poe
ACTIVITY 1: Key Handwriting concepts
Handwriting in the first grades is associated with basic reading and spelling
achievement; For example, when children learn how to form the letter m, they may
also learn its sound by saying words aloud.
Acta biomed (2017) believes that posture is used to describe the position your body
is in when you sit, stand, kneel and lie down and ligaments are evenly distributed
throughout your body. Poor posture can put increased stress on your body, leading
to fatigue, tight or sore muscles in your neck, back, arms and legs, joint stiffness and
pain. Acta biomed (2017) believes that Good sitting posture when handwriting is
therefore very important and while most handwriting problems are often associated
with poor fine motor skills or difficulty holding a pencil, the effects of good sitting
posture and core strength are often overlooked. Ata biomed (2017) believes that the
term posture describes the position of the body in space. It indicates the position of
the body in space and has the purpose of keeping the body balanced during
dynamic movements and stasis. Acta biomed (2017) believes that good posture is
important to your overall health and offers a variety of benefits, including less back
pain, more energy, and increased confidence. Acta biomed (2017) believes that
good posture is important to your overall health as it can help you avoid muscle
strain, pain, fatigue and many other common ailments and illnesses.
Melbourne (2005) proposes that pencil grip is only one part of handwriting. Most
children naturally develop a pencil grip that is comfortable for them. Melbourne
(2005) proposes that The pencil is held in a stable position between the thumb,
index and middle fingers the ring and little fingers are bent and rest comfortably on
the table on the index finger and thumb form an open space in which to the wrist is
slightly bent backwards and the forearms resting on the table, the pencil is held
about 12 cm from the tip (Melbourne,2005). OT Toolbox (2021) surmises that
functional grip is one in which the writer uses a pencil both efficiently and effectively.
A functional understanding is one that the student can write without much trouble.
When a student writes with a pencil, they must not use the clearly defined tripod
handle.
Letter formation means being able to form the different letters of the alphabet
correctly. It is a key skill that students should cultivate, not only because it helps
make their writing more readable, but also because it helps them increase their
writing speed and efficiency. OT Toolbox (2021) surmises that letter formation
relates to several aspects of writing a letter: Placement of the pencil when writing a
letter (starting at the correct place, such as at the top or bottom of the writing area).
Move the pencil in the right direction to form parts of the letter. OT Toolbox (2021)
surmises that place the parts of the letter in the appropriate places (intersecting lines
or connected pencil strokes) If children start the letters below, they will encounter
problems of readability and efficiency. OT Toolbox (2021) surmises that it is more
difficult to move the pencil to the next letter with the formation from bottom to top and
then when kids have to keep up with writing tasks (from first grade onwards when
they're copying words and sentences from a model), they lose the readability piece.
Proper letter size is closely related to alignment or the consistent use of the lower
handwriting line as the starting point or baseline for each letter. This skill also
develops as children move from kindergarten to first grade (ages 6-7) (the inspired
treehouse,2016). As children become stronger and more confident readers, they
begin to develop a better sense of where one word ends and the next word begins.
This should be consistent with the ability to leave appropriate spacing between
words when writing (the inspired treehouse,2016). Good letter formation helps
children to write fluently If your child is struggling with letter formation, writing will be
slow (the inspired house,2016). This, in turn, can cause them to lose interest in
writing altogether. On the other hand, if they form their letters correctly, they can
write faster and more fluently (the inspired treehouse,2016).
Twinkle (2022) proposes that Spatial awareness is a powerhouse when it comes to
legibility in written work. The child who forms letters with pricing no matter how many
times a teacher should teach them that the letters start at the top can improve overall
readability by spreading the words out on the lines. Encourage the child to use finger
spacing between words and to physically place their finger on the paper
(Homer,2022). This involves bilateral coordination and holding the paper while
writing. Use stickers on the right edge to alert the student to approach the edge of
the paper as they write. Draw a red stop sign on the right edge (Homer,2022). Letter
formation means being able to form the different letters of the alphabet correctly
(Homer,2022). It is a key skill that students should cultivate, not only because it
helps make their writing more readable, but also because it helps them increase
their writing speed and efficiency (Homer,2022).
OT Toolbox (2021) surmises that writing on a single line awareness refers to the
precise placement of the letters on the writing lines. When we form letters, there are
different sizes of letters that are placed in different positions within the lines of the
paper. OT Toolbox (2021) surmises that Letters touching the top and bottom lines (b,
d, f, h, k, l, t and all uppercase) Letters touching the bottom line (all uppercase and
all lowercase) Letters crossing the bottom line ( g, j, p, q, y)Letters touching the
middle line (or middle space if using line paper: a, c, e, g, i, m, n, o, p, q, r, s , t, u, v,
w, x, y, z).
Paying attention to the connections between handwriting, reading, and spelling skills
can help strengthen early achievement in these areas.
Activity 2: Part A
The IIE Bachelor of Education: Grade R-3 Teacher-Guided Activity Plan Template
Note: All activity plans are to be typed up, no handwritten lesson plans will be
accepted for final submission of the POE. Please use the template below
which will be made available to you in MS Word format for lesson planning.
Name Letjiane Tshegofatso Student Number ST10130255
Mmakgosi
Teacher-Guided Activity Planning
Date of Activity 25 September Subject & Topic English
2022 (CAPS)
Number of learners 26 Theme My cursive letter
Duration 1hour and 30 Term 3
minutes
1. Children learn
the skills of
CAPS-Specific Focus
letter
formation and
handwriting
(DOE,2011).
2. Uses
handwriting
skills taught in
HL
(DOE,2011).
3. Write lists with headings (DOE,2011).
4. Select and copy a caption that accurately
describes an image. e.g. The red car is big.)
Reads
what was
written
(DOE,2011).
5. Completes
sentences by
filling in
missing words
(DOE,2011).
6. Writes
sentences
using a frame
(e.g. I like
____. I don't
like _____.)
(DOE,2011)
7. Writes
sentences
using words
containing
already
learned
phonic
sounds and
common
sight words
(DOE,2011).
8. Writes
familiar
words and
phrases from
a dictation
(DOE,2011).
9. Write a
paragraph of
at least 3
sentences on
a familiar
topic
(DOE,2011).
1. Uses
handwriting
Activity Objectives
tools
effectively,
e.g. Pencil,
eraser, ruler
(DOE,2011).
2. Writes a
sentence
legibly and
correctly
in
block letters,
compound
letters or
cursive letters
(DOE,2011).
3. Forms all lowercase and uppercase
letters in
compound or cursive
(DOE,2011).
4. Writes short words in compound
script or cursive
(DOE,2011)..
5. Transcribe words and sentences
correctly
compound
script or cursive
(DOE,2011)
6. Transition into compound
script or cursive in all written records (ie date, own name and own written texts)
(DOE,2011).
7. Copied written text from the blackboard, textbooks, work cards, etc. correctly
(DOE,2011).
8. Writes neatly and legibly, confidently and quickly in connected handwriting or
in cursive
(DOE,2011).
9. Experiments
with using a
pen to write
(DOE,2011)
1. Learners must
write clearly
Specific Considerations
and easily with
increasing
speed through
frequent
practice.
(DOE,2011)
2. Learners who
fail to
complete
assignments
on time are
often
mistakenly
presented with
content issues
(DOE,2011).
Phases Write, in detail, every element/step of your lesson for Resources
each phase. Include time on task for each phase. Required
I am going to greet learners first then after I will tell -song
INTRODUCTORY PHASE
learners to sing the days of the week song then after they -Pegs
are done I am going to tell two of learners to collect the
box of pegs from the bookshelf and give each two pegs
to their classmates and I will continue to tell learners that
they need to hold one pegs in each hand and squeeze
the pegs at the same time with their fingers and also
when they are busy squeezing the pegs, they need to
count out aloud up to ten while squeezing the pegs
after we are done with the warm up I will tell learners that -worksheet
TEACHING & LEARNING PHASE
today we are focusing on cursive letter L then I will -white paper
display the cursive letter pattern on the board, I am going -teabags
to provide learners with worksheet that has a pattern of -glue
cursive letter L and 3 sentences of cursive I will tell -whiteboard
learners that they need to complete the worksheet and
trace the patterns after they are done, I am going to
provide learners with white paper, glue and teabags then
I will show learners how to draw the cursive letter L with
the glue on the board then the leaners must use their
glues to draw a cursive letter L on the paper then after all
learners have drawn the cursive L will tell learners to tear
the teabags and sprinkle the tea leaves on the glue throw
away the teabags covers in the trash bin.
I am going to show learners how to create their cursive -computer
CLOSURE PHASE
letter book to use at home. -card box
-They need to use a computer for their cover page they -word
may ask their parents to help them with it then at the -Parents
same time I will send the parents massages on
WhatsApp about the cursive book and give the parents
the steps on what they need to do.
The roles of teacher and learner during the lesson
1. The teacher gives out clear instructions to learners
2. During the lesson the learner asks question where he\she does not understand
3. The teacher helps learners where they need moral support
4. The teacher interacts with learners during each phase of the lesson
My
Letter
L
Cursiv
e Book
Bibliography
Acta biomed.2017. Posture and posturology, anatomical and physiological profiles:
overview and current state of art. Journal PMC PubMed central, 88(1): 11–16.
[Online]. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6166197/
[Accessed 23 November 2022.
OT Toolbox. 2021. What is a functional pencil grasp. Occupational therapy, 16
January 2020. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theottoolbox.com/what-is-
afunctional-pencil-grasp/ [Accessed 23 November 2022].
OT Toolbox.2021.fix spacing in handwriting. Spatial awareness, 8 June 2022.
[Online].Available at: https://www.theottoolbox.com/fix-spacing-in-
handwritinghandout/ [Accessed 23 November 2022].
OT Toolbox. 2021. Letter formation. Occupational therapy, 16 January 2020.
[Online]. Available at https://www.theottoolbox.com/letterformation/#:~:text=Letter
%20formation%20refers%20to%20several,make%20parts%20of%20the%20letter.
[Accessed 23 November 2022].
Twinkle.2022. What is letter formation. Letter formation, 20 September 2022.
[online]. Available at; https://www.twinkl.co.uk/teaching-wiki/letter-formation.
[Accessed 23 November 2022].
The inspired treehouse. 2016. Handwriting Development: Sizing, Spacing,
Alignment, and More, 16 January 2016. [Online]. Available
at :https://theinspiredtreehouse.com/handwriting-development-sizing-
spacingalignment-and-more/ [Accessed 23 November 2022].
Melbourne.2005. pencil grip information. Department of Occupational Therapy: Royal
Children’s Hospital. [eBook].Available at:
https://www.rch.org.au/uploadedFiles/Main/Content/ot/InfoSheet_A.pdf [Accessed
23 November 2022].
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS) –Home Language - National
Department of Basic Education: 2011.
Handwrriting.2011. The teaching of handwriting is incorporated into the Curriculum
and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) for Languages. Handwriting guideline.
Available at:
http://www.eccurriculum.co.za/FoundationPhase/2013_Guidelines/Handwriting
%20Guideline%20Gr%20R%20-%203.pdf[Accessed 23 November 2022].
