Teacher Evaluation Sheet
Name of Studen:Anand D. Dhodmani Enrollment No.: 1715580044
Name of Program: EE-6-I Semester: Sixth
Course Title: Electrical Engineering Course: Diploma
Title of Microproject: Gas Insulated Substation Course
Outcome Achieved:
Evaluation as per suggested rubric for assessment of Microproject
S. Characteristics to be Assessed Poor Good Average Excellent
R.
(Marks13) (Marks 4 - (Marks (Marks
5) 68) 910
01 Relevance Of the Course
02 Literature Survey/Information
Collection
03 Project Proposal
04 Completion of the target as per the
project proposal
05 Analysis of Data and Representation
06 Quality of Prototype/Model
07 Report Preparation
08 Presentation
09 Defense
Micro-Project Evaluation Sheet
Process Assessment Product Assessment Total
Part - A Project Part - B Project Individual Marks
Project Methodology Report/Working Presentation/Viva
(10)
Proposal Models
(2Marks) (4Marks)
(2 Marks) (2Marks)
Note:
Every course teacher expected to assign marks for group evolution in first columns.
Comments/suggestions about team work/leadership/Inter-personal
communication (if any):
Any Other Comments:
Name and Designation of Faculty Member: Prof. Tanu Kore
Signature:
PART A – Plan
Title of Micro-project
Gas Insulated Substation
1.0 Description
For the past three decades, SF-6 Sulphur hexa fluoride gas is being extensively used as a dielectric
and extinguishing arc media in the area of high voltage electrical switchgear. SF-6 gas does not exist
in the natural state and is a synthetic product, finds itself progressively adopted by all concerned
users due to its improved performance characteristics and service quality which has reduced size
and weight of the equipment. The reason for this choice lies in the fairly rare combination of
dielectric and arc-extinction properties. The dielectric strength is several times greater than that of
other known media, at the same pressure. The arc-extinction properties are also unique which even
after much research carried out, could not discover a comparable media so far. GIS are equally
applicable for indoor and outdoor use for new and expansion of existing sub-stations. The GIS are
manufactured over a wide range of voltages from 60 kV to 800 kV and capacity upto 4,000 amperes
depending upon requirements in various designs suited to the particular requirements. In places
where the cost of land or the cost of earthwork is high this can greatly influence the over all
investment needed. In case of GIS each individual item of switchgear is metal enclosed which is at
earth potential. This metal enclose not only gives enhanced safety but is inherently reliable due its
component being placed within a protective gas environment. Its major advantage is the small
space, occupied by the equipment compared to air insulated equipment. When new sub-stations
are planned, there is the choice of different designs. Conventional outdoor sub-stations are a viable
option when there is a plenty of space, land prices are low, environmental conditions are normal
and maintenance labour costs are low.GIS are advantageous when the space available is limited,
land prices are high, environmental conditions are more extreme, and reliability of power supply is
of more importance.
1.1 Aim Of The Project
To study about the review about gas insulated substation.
Prepare a report of the gas insulated substation.
The Aim of this microproject is to understand specifications, applications, cost , features,
manufacturer of gas insulated substation.
Collect information about gas insulated substation in detail.
2.0 Action plan
S. No. Details of activity Planned start Planned Name of
date finish date responsible
team members
1. Did research on Anand
micro project Dhodmani
2. Search required resources Anand
Dhodmani
3. Made the report Output Anand
Dhodmani
2.1 Resources required
S. R. Name of Resources Author
01 Generation of electrical energy B.R Gupta
02 Principal of power system V.K Mehta
03 A course in electrical power M.L Gupta
04 Switchgear and power system S. Rao
PART B
Micro project proposal
Gas Insulated Substation
1.0 Brief Description
For the past three decades, SF-6 Sulphur hexa fluoride gas is being extensively used as a dielectric
and extinguishing arc media in the area of high voltage electrical switchgear. SF-6 gas does not exist
in the natural state and is a synthetic product, finds itself progressively adopted by all concerned
users due to its improved performance characteristics and service quality which has reduced size
and weight of the equipment. The reason for this choice lies in the fairly rare combination of
dielectric and arc-extinction properties. The dielectric strength is several times greater than that of
other known media, at the same pressure. The arc-extinction properties are also unique which even
after much research carried out, could not discover a comparable media so far. GIS are equally
applicable for indoor and outdoor use for new and expansion of existing sub-stations. The GIS are
manufactured over a wide range of voltages from 60 kV to 800 kV and capacity upto 4,000 amperes
depending upon requirements in various designs suited to the particular requirements. In places
where the cost of land or the cost of earthwork is high this can greatly influence the over all
investment needed. In case of GIS each individual item of switchgear is metal enclosed which is at
earth potential. This metal enclose not only gives enhanced safety but is inherently reliable due its
component being placed within a protective gas environment. Its major advantage is the small
space, occupied by the equipment compared to air insulated equipment. When new sub-stations
are planned, there is the choice of different designs. Conventional outdoor sub-stations are a viable
option when there is a plenty of space, land prices are low, environmental conditions are normal
and maintenance labour costs are low.GIS are advantageous when the space available is limited,
land prices are high, environmental conditions are more extreme, and reliability of power supply is
of more importance.
2.0 Aim of Micro Project
To study about the review about the Gas Insulated Substation.
Prepare a report of the Gas Insulated Substation.
The Aim of this microproject is to understand the specification, cost , application , features
manufacturer of gas insulated substation.
Collect information of Gas Insulated Substation in detail.
3.0 Actual procedure Followed
1. Selected the topic.
2. Did research on it.
3. Made report on micro project.
4.0 Gas Insulated Substation
GIS is totally capsuled, that is impervious to and distinguished from the external ambiance. This is a
huge benefit from environment viewpoint such as ocean based oilrigs, particle or mist pollution
sources. Nevertheless, because the gas isolated switchgear is totally capsuled, a needed visible
disconnecting means cannot be directly accomplished. The grounding and disconnect switches,
needed in both air and gas insulated arrangements, will have view ports in gas isolated devices. GIS
has a reduced “footprint” than a corresponding air insulated substation, usually less than half the
area. Even though a gas isolated substation will initially cost more than a similar air insulated
substation, the economics may rationalize its installation where land is pricey, such as city centers.
GIS may also be rationalized when a low profile substation is required to “hide” a substation.
As a gas isolated switchgear element is isolated for servicing, it will be required to affirm the places
of the grounding and disconnect switches. Since these switches are totally cased within the
aluminum enclosure, it is essential for producers to allow for view ports. The view ports allow, by
visual verification, to check the position of the different disconnect and grounding switches. In
some situations, this can be completed with using just a flashlight. In other situations, at strange
access points, a camera with a light source supplied by the producer is handy. Gas isolated devices
are typically furnished with a local control cabinet (LCC). Generally, this cabinet lets in control
switches for the operation of one circuit breaker and its related grounding and disconnect switches
and breaker alarms. The protective relays related with the GIS devices may or may not put in the
same place. Since SF6gas behaves as a vital insulator, it is required to keep adequate density within
the GIS devices. Hence, there will be alarm and trip contacts from sensors for each gas separation
to warn staff or isolate devices when the insulation integrity is insufficient. One of the advantages
of GIS devices over its air insulated equipment is the minimal servicing that is needed of the GIS.
This is mainly due to the breakup of the conductors and isolators from the outside ambience.
Modern GIS devices have very low SF6 gas leakage rates. The operation counter may help in finding
out if any servicing will be needed on the mechanisms but this is generally many years between
maintenance.
5.0 Gas Insulated Components Of Substation (I)
Electrical bus bars.
(II) Electrical isolators.
(III) Circuit breakers.
(IV) Current transformer.
(V) Voltage transformer.
(VI) Earth switches.
(VII) Lightning arrester.
6.0 Specifications (GIS)
7.0 Applications (GIS)
i. Low area requirement. 550 kV models, for example, take only fraction of the space required
by conventional – air types.
ii. Environmental adaptability. GIS is suitable for installation almost anywhere: in or out of
doors, even underground; near the sea, in mountainous areas, in regions with heavy snowfall, etc.
iii. High margin safety. The high voltage conductors are securely enclosed in grounded metal.
iv. High reliability. The chemically inert SF6 enveloping the conductors and insulators preserves
them for years of trouble free operation.
v. Long maintenance intervals. SF6 gas’s arc-quenching properties reduce contact wear.
Technological advancements over the years have seen GIS continues to grow smaller and lighter.
vi. Low Maintenance Cost: GIS are highly reliable and maintenance free. No inspection is
required before ten years.
vii. Long Life: The operating life of GIS is 40 to 50 years compared to 25 to 30 years of
conventional outdoor grid station. viii. Personnel Safety: GIS causes no risk of injury to operating
personnel.
ix. Short Circuits by Wildlife: Fully encapsulated enclosures reduces risk of outages caused by
lizards and vandalism.
x. Unbeatable Performance: Factory assembled and tested units offers unbeatable
performance in terms of reliability and continuity of power supply.
xi. Unaffected by Environmental Conditions: GIS is unaffected by environmental factors. It is
most suitable for harsh environmental conditions i.e. where humid, saline, polluted atmosphere
laden with industrial exhausts prevails.
xii. Economical: SF6 plants are more economical than conventional equipment despite the
higher cost of switchgear.
8.0 Uses (GIS)
GIS for outdoor use
a. GIS for outdoor use is a compact switchgear solution for a rated voltage upto 245 kV, used
mainly for renewal or expansion of air insulated outdoor subs-stations. They are also equally used
for new outdoor sub-stations. With the introduction of outdoor GIS, replacement and expansion of
sub-stations can be carried out with ease and convenience with minimum disturbance of supply.
GIS outdoor has the same feature as GIS indoor.
b. GIS for outdoor use, is the combination of metal encapsulated, gas insulated modules with
air insulated components such as bus bars, etc and are mounted on a separate frame on
foundation. All modules fit together at the same height. Only supporting structures, foundations,
and termination gantries are required. The quantities and equipment for outdoor bushings,
foundations and support structures is very small compared to air insulated conventional sub-
station.
9.0 Features (GIS)
Gas Insulated Switchgear Substations are fast gaining popularity in India and many other countries
due to constraint of sufficient land for Air insulated outdoor substations. We have thorough
knowhow of designing and preparing drawings for Gas Insulated substations upto 400kV. Following
services are provided :
o Topographical contour survey o Geotechnical investigation o Soil resistivity
measurement
o Electrical SLD, protections, metering, controls and indications
o Survey drawings, Topographical contour layout o Overall site layout plan o
Substation layout plan & elevation o Indoor and outdoor Cable trench layout o
Earthing calculation, layout and earthing details
o DSLP calculation and layout
o Control schematics and terminal plans of bay marshalling kiosks o Cable schedule
and interconnection diagram for Power and control cables o Technical specification
of all equipment and materials o Lighting calculations, SLD and layout
o Bill of materials for cables, cable trays, racks, earthing, lightning protection and
lighting systems
o Short circuit force calculation for strung bus and rigid tubular bus o Fault level
calculation o CT & VT sizing calculations
o Battery and battery charger sizing calculations
o Vendor drawing review
o Civil drawings and calculations for foundations, cable trenches, culverts, drains,
control bldg., GIS Bldg., DG room, Store shed, Security room, Switchyard panel room
(AC Kiosk), pump house, fire water reservoir
o GS structure drawings for gantry towers, beams and equipment supports o SCADA
architecture diagram, Input-Output list, BOM of SCADA system o Schematic
diagrams, specifications and BOM for Fire detection and alarm system o LILO Tower
and Overhead line termination arrangemen.
10. Manufacturer (GIS)
– General Electric Company
– Siemens AG
– Mitsubishi Electric Corporation – ABB Ltd.
– Toshiba Corporation
– Eaton Corporation Plc
– Schneider Electric SE – Fuji Electric Co. Ltd.
– Hyundai Heavy Industries
– Meidensha Corporation
– Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
– Larsen & Toubro Limited
– BGR Energy Systems Limited
– Crompton Greaves Limited – Nissin Electric Co., Ltd.
– UGL Pty Limited
– Chem Group
– Elsewedy Electric
– Mistras Group
– Hyosung Corporation
– Lucy Group
– Chint Group
– Ormazabal
11.0 Cost (GIS)
400/220/132Kv GIS Substation Design and Engineering, capacity / size : 400 cost is 20 Lakh /
Piece.
12.0 Skill Developed
• Learning about the Gas Insulated Substation.
• Learning about the specification, application, features, cost, manufacturer, of gas insulated
Substation.
• Improved the group skill.
• Learn to find the gas insulated substation information from various websites and reference
books.
