WORKSHEET
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Draw your individual variables. You can use any shape to denote your variables. Just be consistent. The more
variables you have, the bigger the scope of the study. Make sure you can manage the number of variables.
Arrange your variables to show relationships and/or interrelationships.
Connect your variables with arrows. Make sure that the arrowheads are in the right direction to denote the
correct relationships.
Write 1-2 paragraphs explaining your conceptual framework.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
These are starting sentences that you can use to describe the problem beign faced by the business / industry /
sector. You don’t have to use all the sentences. You just have to be able to thoroughly describe the paragraph.
Write 1 to 2 paragraphs about your problem.
Stable Context - Describe unchanging facts about the topic/problem.
For many years, people have debated about ______________________.
Or
________________ has been controversial because __________________________________.
Or
______________________ has dominated discussions of _____________.
Status Quo - State common but incorrect or incomplete assumptions
Many people think ________________________________________________________.
Or
At first glance, it may seem like ______________________________________________.
Destabilizing Moment - Describe something that reveals the status quo assumptions to be incomplete or
inaccurate.
This initial perception fails to take into account ____________________________________.
Or
This theory can't explain _____________________________________________.
Or
People have failed to notice, however, ___________________________________________.
Consequences - Show readers why they should care: what bad things will happen if people continue to believe
the status quo? What good things will happen once they stop believing it?
If we continue to believe _______________, we'll never understand the larger question of
__________________________________________________________.
Or
Unless we change _____________________, we will continue to have trouble with _____________________.
Or
Once we understand ___________________, we'll begin to see the answer to the problem _______________.
Or
By rethinking our approach to ___________________, we can fix ________________.
Resolution
Provide a better theory/explanation to replace the status quo. State your claim.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Research questions are the questions you want to answer by doing research. Go back to your conceptual
framework. The research questions should ask questions that are related to the variables. The number of
questions will depend on the number of variables and assumed relationships. In a quantitative study, the
research questions are in statistical form. It’s more free flowing in a qualitative study.
e.g. Is there a linear relationship between discretionary income and travel spending amongst Gen Z
employees?
HYPOTHESES
Hypothesis statements are the most educated guess or answer to the research question. Remember not all
research questions will have hypotheses. Some will be hypothesis free. Only research questions that can be
answered by a hypothesis test will have one. Only state the null hypothesis.
e.g. There is no linear relationship between discretionary income and travel spending amongst Gen Z
employees.