R1 GI D S OL U T I ON S
Review School for Civil and Materials Engineer + Master Plumber
601 Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila
Reinforced Concrete Design 4
MAGNIFIED MOMENTS PROBLEM 1
A first order analysis gives factored axial force and
FRAMES WITHOUT SIDESWAY moments on a column as shown. The column, part of
For compression members in non-sway frames the a braced frame has cross sectional dimensions 300
effective length factor k shall be taken as 1.0 unless mm x 400 mm. Bending moments produce reverse
analysis shows that a lower value is justified curvature bending about the strong axis. The ratio of
factored dead to total load , βdns = 0.60.The concrete is
For Non-sway Frames, slenderness effects bmay be normal weight with a compressive strength of 34. 5
neglected if MPa. Determine the design moment. The
unsupported length of the column is 6 meters.
Magnified moment or factored moment to be used in
the design is
βdns = the ratio of the maximum factored axial
sustained load to the maximum factored axial load
associated with the same load combination.
For members without transverse loads between
supports
M1/M2 = positive for single curvature
Cm = 1.0 for members with transverse loads between
supports
Note : Factored moment M2 shall not be taken less
than M2(min) PROBLEM 2
M2min = Pu(15 + 0.03h)
The column shown is subjected to an axial deadload
of 265 KN and an axial liveload 440 KN. The frame
is braced against sideway and column is bent in single
curvature with equal end moment Mdead = 160 KN-
m and MLive = 190 KN-m. use Fc’ = 20.7 MPa and
Fy = 413.7 Mpa Find magnified moment if. Assume
ψ is equal to 1 at one end and 2 for the other end of
the column with length of 6 m
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R1 GI D S OL U T I ON S
Review School for Civil and Materials Engineer + Master Plumber
601 Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila
TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT Where:
Ag = Gross area of column
The volumetric ratio of spiral or circular hoop
reinforcement ρs Ach = cross-sectional area of a structural member
measured out-to-out of transverse reinforcement, mm2
ρs= 0.12 f’c /fyh > Ash = total cross-sectional area of transverse
reinforcement (including crossties) within spacing s and
perpendicularto dimension hc
The total cross-sectional area of rectangular hoop
hc = cross-sectional dimension of column core measured
reinforcement shall not be less than center-to-center of confining reinforcement
Ash = 0.3 (shc f’c /fyh)[(Ag/Ach) – 1] hx = maximum horizontal spacing of hoop or crosstie legs
on all faces of the column, mm
Ash = 0.09(shc f’c /fyh)
ps =ratio of volume of spiral reinforcement to the core
Transverse reinforcement shall be provided by volume confined by the spiral reinforcement (measured
either single or overlapping hoops. Crossties of the out-to-out)
same bar size and spacing as the hoops shall be
permitted. Each end of the crosstie shall engage a s = spacing of transverse reinforcement measured along
the longitudinal axis of the structural member, mm
peripheral longitudinal reinforcing bar. Consecutive
crossties shall be alternated end for end along the
Problem 3
longitudinal reinforcement.
The figure shown the shear force acting on the
column section with 12 mm diameter traverse
Where the calculated point of contraflexure is not
confining reinforcement. Use fc’ = 28 Mpa, fy =415
within
Mpa (For main bar) and fyh =278 Mpa (for ties).
the middle half of the member clear height, provide
Diameter of Main bar is 28 mm
transverse reinforcement over the full height of the
member.
Transverse reinforcement shall be spaced at a
distance not exceeding (1) one-fourth of the minimum
member dimension, (2) six times the diameter of the
longitudinal reinforcement, and (3) sx, as defined by
The value of sx shall not exceed 150 mm and need not
be taken less than 100 mm. Crossties or legs of
overlapping hoops shall not be spaced more than 350
a. The required spacing of lateral reinforcement
mm on center in the direction perpendicular to the
if Vuy = 450 KN
longitudinal axis of the structural member.
b. Max spacing for traverse reinforcement
c. Nearly gives the spacing of confining hoop
Transverse reinforcement shall be provided over a
reinforcement in accordance with the code of
length lo from each joint face and on both sides of any
seismic design for the shear parallel to short
section where flexural yielding is likely to occur as a
dimension
result of inelastic lateral displacements of the frame.
d. Nearly gives the spacing of confining hoop
The length lo shall not be less than (1) the depth of the
reinforcement in accordance with the code of
member at the joint face or at the section where
seismic design for the shear parallel to long
flexural yielding is likely to occur, (2) one-sixth of
dimension
the clear span of the member, and (3) 450 mm.
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R1 GI D S OL U T I ON S
Review School for Civil and Materials Engineer + Master Plumber
601 Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila
SHEAR and AXIAL
Vu = Ф ( Vc + Vs )
SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY
CONCRETE FOR NON PRESTRESSED
MEMBERS
Simplified Calculation
For members subject to shear and flexure
only
For members subject to axial compression
*Nu/Ag shall be expressed in MPa
For members subject to significant axial
tension
Detailed Calculation
For members subject to shear and flexure
only
Problem 4
But not greater than
A 400 x 600 mm column is subjected to factored axial
*Vud/Mu shall not be taken greater than 1.0 load and factored end moments as shown in the FIG
For members subject to axial compression RCD 846. The column is reinforced with eight 32 mm
diameter vertical bars and 12 mm diameter ties.
Concrete strength fc’ = 21 Mpa and steel yield
strength fy = 275 Mpa for longitudinal bars and ties
But not greater than
*Vud/Mmis not limited to 1.0
*If Mm is negative, use
a.Which of the ff. Most nearly gives the shear
strength provided by concrete using the simplified
For members subject to significant axial calculation in sec 5.11.3.1
tension
b.Which of the ff. Most nearly gives the shear
strength provided by concrete using the detailed
calculation in sec 5.11.3.2
But not less than zero
*Nu is negative for tension
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R1 GI D S OL U T I ON S
Review School for Civil and Materials Engineer + Master Plumber
601 Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila
c. which of the ff. Most nearly gives the spacing of
shear reinforcement using the result of the detailed SHEAR:
calculation
at face of first interior support ……1.15wuln / 2
at face of all other supports ………………wuln / 2
For calculating ultimate moments and shears, ln is
taken as the clear span for positive moment or shear
and average of adjacent clear spans for negative
moment.
NSCP 2001 Section 408.4.3 states that: Problem 5
As an alternate to frame analysis, the following Using the NSCP Specs and the Figure shown,
approximate moments and shears shall be permitted determine the FF.
to be used in design of continuous beams and one-
way slabs (slabs reinforced to resist flexural stresses
in only one direction), provided:
1. There are two or more spans,
2. Spans are approximately equal, with the larger of
two adjacent spans not greater than the shorter by
more than 20 percent,
3. Loads are uniformly distributed,
4. Unit live load does not exceed three times unit
dead load, and
5. Members are prismatic a. Factored Moment at C
b. Factored Moment at H
POSITIVE MOMENT: Problem 6
From the given floor plan, the following data are
End spans obtained:
a. Discontinuous end unrestrained …… wuln2 / 11 DL = 4.8 kPa (service dead load), LL = 2.9 kPa ,
b. Discontinuous end integral with support wuln2 / 14 U = 1.4D + 1.7L
c. Interior spans …………… wuln2 / 16
NEGATIVE MOMENT:
at exterior face of first interior support
d. Two spans …………………… wuln2 / 9
e. More than two spans ………………………wuln2 / 10
f. at other faces of interior supports … wuln2 / 11
g. at face of all supports for: slabs with spans not
exceeding 3 meters; and beams where ratio of Dimensions and stresses:
sum of column stiffnesses to beam stiffness Beam = 300 x 400 mm ;
exceeds eight at each end of the span …wuln2 / 12 Clear cover to slab = 20 mm ;
Slab reinforcement = 10 mm
at interior face of exterior support for Slab thickness = 100 mm ;
members built integrally with supports: S = 2.8 m ; L = 6.0 m
h. where support is a spandrel beam …wuln2 / 24
i. where support is a column……………… wuln2 / 16
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R1 GI D S OL U T I ON S
Review School for Civil and Materials Engineer + Master Plumber
601 Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila
a.Determine the ultimate negative moment of the slab
at the span bounded by FGJK.
b.Determine the ultimate positive moment of the slab
at the span bounded by FGJK.
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