CONCEPT OF CAPACITANCE When a conductor is charged then its potential rises. ‘The increase in potential is directly proportional tothe charge given to the conductor, QeV orQ=cv The constant C is known as the capacity of the conductor, S1Unit :-coulombivolt or farad (F) 1 farad = 9 10" statfarad (CGS unit). CAPACITY OF AN ISOLATED SPHERICAL CONDUCTOI ‘When charge Q is given to a spherical conductor of radius R, then potential at the surface of sphere is 12 ne, R een) 3 + * + + L C= 4neR=—R 9x10" fearth is assumed to be a conducting sphere having radius R = 6400 km, Its theoretical capacitance C=7I1 iF, But for all particle purpose capacitance of earth is taken infinity and its potential V = 0. CAPACITY OF VARIOUS CAPACITOR PARALLEL PLATE CAPACITOR : It consists of two parallel metallic plates (may be circular, rectangular, square) separated by a small iance. If A = Effective overlapping area of each plate @ Electric field between the plates : B=-2.=-2 As (i), Potential difterence between the plates: V=Exd=- eA, (ii) Capacitance d (iv) Ifa diclectric medium of dielectric constant, K is filled completely between the plates then capacitance Key increases by K times je. C= = = KC Capacitance “0 wi) (i witiy ‘The capacitance of parallel plate capacitor depends L on A(C * A) and d |C%F]. It does not depend ‘on the charge on the plates or the potential difference between the plates. If a dielectric slab is partially filled between the plates =c ——r 7 If-a number of dielectric slabs are inserted between the plate as shown, ff : (MF © fa Hest sael ‘When a metalic slab is inserted between the plates eA 0 Oa LBL If metalic sab fils the complete space betwen the plates (ie. t= d) or both plates are joined through ie then capacitance becomes infinite. Capacitance c a metallicsee-pivais Qrrvewsnn (@) Force between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor. @ @ . é IF v FS 260A u, ¥, (©) Energy density between the plates of parallel plate Q. qncv capacitor Energy (1) New charge : According to the conservation of Energy density = ops charge 4 Q + Q2=Q) + ® ENERGY STORED IN ACHARGED CONDUCTOR Let C is capacitance of a conductor. On being connected toa battery, it charges toa potential V from, zero potential. FQ is charge on the conductor at that time then Vv Let battery supplies small amount of charge dQ to the ‘conductor at constant potential V, ‘Then small amount of work done by the battery is aw vio. 240 w-[Si0 [ sw- ac 0 w 2c This work done is stored by the capacitor in the form of rete peel Py Sr ne eel center REDISTRIBUTION OF CHARGES AND LOSS OF ENERGY: When two charged conductors are joined together through a conducting wire, charge begins to flow from one conductor to another from higher potential to lower potential ‘This flow of charge stops when they attain the same potential. Due to flow of charge, loss of energy also takes place in the form of heat through the connecting wire, Suppose there are two spherical conductors of radii r and rp, having charge Q, and Qs, potential V, and V, energies U, and U and capacitance C, and CC) respectively. © C Q=Gy, Q=GN, S<92 If these two spheres are connected through a conducting wire, then alteration of charge, potential and energy takes place Capacitance (2) Common potential : Common potential ital (vy = Total_charge _ 0+) _O}+04 _GV+GV, Total capacity CC) C+C, C,+C; (3) Energy loss : The loss of energy due to redistribution of charge is given by Ween ) ‘SOLVED EXAMPLE ‘Examplet Can asphere of radius | em, placed in air be given a charge of | coulomb. Sol. Potential of sphere of 1 cm radius is vert 9x10" volt This potential is so high that the surrounding air gets ionized, thereby charge leaks to the medium. [air gets ionized at 3 10° volt] Ans. [No] ‘Example-2 Two conductors having capacities uF and SpF and potentials 2 volts and 10 volt respectively. The ratio of their charges after connecting by a wire will be: ()2:8 QS:2 Biss @HSz1 aq _ 2x10 2 Sol 42 5x10 Ans. [1] [Charge distributes in the ratio of capacities] CAPACITOR OR CONDENSER : a A capacitor is a device that stores electric energy or a capacitor is a pair of two conductors of any shape, which are close to each other and have equal and opposite charge.@) The capacitance of capacitor is defined as the magnitude of the charge Q on the positive plate divided by the magnitude of the potential difference Q ¥V between the plates ie, C= " v @) A capacitor get's charged when a battery is connected across the plates. Once capacitor get's fully charged, flow of charge carriers stops in the circuit and in this condition potential difference across the plates of eapacitor is same as the potential difference across the terminals of battery. (net charge on a capacitor is always zero, but when ‘we speak of the charge Q on a capacitor, we are referring to the magnitude of the charge on each plate DIELECTRIC: Dielectric are insulating (non-conducting) materials which transmits electric effect without conducting Diclectries are of two types () Polar dietectries : A polar molecule has permanent electric dipole moment (ji) in the absence of electric field also. But a polar dielectric has net dipole moment zero in the absence of electric field because polar ‘molecules are randomly oriented as shown in figure Inthe presence of electric field polar molecules tends to line up on the direction of electric field, and the substance has finite dipole moment e.g. water, Alcohol, CO, NH, HCI ete. are made of polar atoms! molecules. Q) Non polar dielectric : In non-polar molecules, Each molecule has zero dipole moment in its normal state. When electric field is applied, molecules becomes induced electric dipole e.g. Ns, Op, Benzene, Methane ete. are made of non-polar atoms/molecules. In general, any non-conducting material can be called ‘as a dielectric but broadly non-conducting material having non-polar molecules referred to as dielectric. @) Polarization of a dielectric slab : It is the process ‘of inducing equal and opposite charges on the two faces of the dielectric on the application of electric field () __Electrig field between the plates in the presence of dielectric medium is E’ = E~ E, where E = Main field, E'= Induced field, (i diclectric constant of dielectric medium is defined as icfield between theplatewithair —_ Blectric field beween the plates with medium — (ii) K is also known as relative permittivity (c,) of the material @) Dielectric breakdown and dielectric strength : Ifa very high electric field is created in a dielectric , The dielectric then behaves like @ conductor. This phenomenon is known as dielectric breakdown. The maximum value of electric field (or potential gradient) that a dielectric material can tolerate without it's electric breakdown is called its dieleetrie strength. v S.L. unit of dielectric strength of @ material is but ‘ i practical unit is ‘SOLVED EXAMPLE Bxaniple3 The capacitance of @ capacitor is © when the distance between the plates is halved, the capacitance will becomes (1) half 2) wiee (3) one-fourth (4) four-times Sol. If the distance between the plates of a capacitor made half and the area of plates is doubled, then the capacitance will becomes {1} Twice (2) Fou ines (3) Halt (4) One-Fourth i Sol. Cae and C* A ua GAG Aga Oe GT Arg 2A =n aC, Amsi2h CapacitanceExamples If SpE be the capacity of a capacitor in air and 110 HF in oil then the dielectric constant of oil will be: (1) 0.45 (2)0.55 (3) 1.10 (4)2.20 Gk he system C'= 4ne, Sok Cake the system eo costo Capacitance is equivalent to the sum of capacitance = EL. peal Re of spherical capacitor and spherical conductor i.e 110x10°° 2 {fe KU ab = K, =2.20 ‘Ans. [4] 4ne).— = 4ne, — ba at ated ib VARIATION OF DIFFERENT VARIABLE (Q,C, V.EAND U) (OF PARALLEL PLATE CAPACITOR WHEN DIELECTRICIS CYLINDRICAL CAPACITOR : INTRODUCED: It consists of (wo co-axial cylinders of radii a and b 2ne of 2% toz,{2 B.| a SES > Potential v i It consists of two concentric conducting spheres of radii a and b (a (This type of combination is used when high capacity is required. (wi) If G, is the effective capacity when n identical capacitors are connected in parallel and C, is their effective capacity when connected in series, then 2 SOLVED EXAMPLE Examples The capacitor of capacitance 4 yF and 6 yF are connected in series. A potential difference of 500 volts is applied to the outer plates of the two capacitor system, Then the charge on each capacitor is numerically (1) 6000 @) 1200 (8) 1200 we (4) 6000 4c .£ Sol Cy 4a O4G Charge flown through the circuit 2.4% $00 10-5C 1200 nC Ans. [3] CapacitanceExample-7 Three capacitors each of capacitance 1yF are ‘connected in parallel. To this combination, a fourth capacitor of capacitance 1pF is connected in series. ‘The resultant capacitance of the system is + (ane Q)2 uF 3) 43 pF) 34 we oi : Sol. 1h A My iF +> = C=SuF Ans. [4] Example-8 In the eireuit diagram shown in the adjoining figure, the resultant capacitance between P and Q is: oF . Bur Bue. ple 20uF (47 uF @Q)3uF G)60nF (4) 10 nF Sol. The given circuit can be drawn as Where C= (3 +2) uF = SuF Four capacitor each capacity 4uF are connected as shown in figure Vp ~ Vq = 15 volts. The energy stored in the system is = aur aur aur sal Fe Ah (1) 2400 erg 2) 1800 erg (3) 3600 ens (4) $400 ens Capacitance Sol. Tove Energy stored = 5 CV? Los 48s 06x 3X5 * Wx 205 = 180 «10° joule = 180 = 10% 107 erg 800 erg Ans. [2] Exampiei0. ‘Two capacitors each of 0.5 wF capacitance are connected in parallel and are then charged by 200 volts. D.C. supply. The total energy of their charges (in joules) is : (poor 002 G)004 yous 1 2 Cyoq= IME E= 3 Cog ame i Cyg= Cy + Cy Xx a) 4 Cage ta Ou 1 Em ZX 1% 10% x 200% 200 =2*107= 0.02) Ans. [2] Examplestt Four capacitors of each capacity 34F are connected as shown in the adjoining figure, The ratio of equivalent capacitance between A and B and between Aand C will be : A B 3uF 3uF 3H BHF t ay4as3 a4 (3) 2:3 (43:2Bers SuF son Cue i Ce AF Ans. [1] Example-12 Four plates of the same area of cross-section are joined as shown in the figure. The distance between ‘each plates is d. The equivalent capacity across AB will be Sol. ‘The arrangement shown in the figure is equivalent to three capacitance in parallel hence resultant 3e,A Sol. capacitance =—7— Ans. [4] d Example-13 In the connection shown in the adjoining figure. The equivalent capacity between A and B will be— Our PG oF | 2 TF (SpE Q)12 uF (3) 20 uF Given circuit can be drawn as Here C, D are equipotential points (4) 10 pF 24 WF capacitor holds no charge as ‘ & D> B x 126 9x18 Tag * nig ~1OHP Amsish Example The resultant capacitance between A and B the following figure is equal to — Q) Lae (2)3 uF @)2 uF (8) 15 nF Total series capacitance across Ei Capacitance across EF I ‘This capacitor is in series with 3 .F capacitance at . Hence total series capacitance 7 3°30! ia wks. | LL! gue Daur F Sur Capacitanceee srwrses Qrrienns C=1nF Sol. 12uF and 6p are in series and again are in parallel This capacitance isin parallel with capacitance of 2 with 4uE if aston CD. Therefore resultant of these three will be Hence Cyyay) "2+ 1 = 3 uF 12x6 Benes Cras) “ . = eo year, his capacitance is in series with 3 4 capacitance 1246 across AB. Henee total capacitance across AB. ‘This equivalent system is series with IF , its equivalent capacitance =1 Bl 8 , “eer 9M m Ans. [1] Equivalent of SF , 2uF and 4x8 8 5 “Two capaciior of capacities 2C and C joined in parallel WF ag he @ and charged upto potential V. The battery is removed (1) and (2) are in parallel and are in series with C. and the capacitor of capacity C is filled completely with a medium of dielectric constant K, The pid §,3.2 4 across the eapacitor will now be ~ 9°39 3V, 3V OR ar Bye * 9 32 32 -a = Vv v 2 +¢ ° ’ OR WE Sok q)=2€V.q = CV Now condenser of capacity C is filled with dielectric = K, therefore C= ‘As charge is conserved, ce Bp ay +a) =(C #20 e&="9 * 337 23" coy Ans. [4] Ve (Kea ~ ke2 Ane Hl Banplet7 In the circuit shown in the figure, the potential mamas difference across the 4.5uF capacitor is ~ Tn the following cireuit, the resultant capacitance le between A and B is | pF, Then value of C is — MF 45uF 4 i 5 mF Ge TI Dv ay § vot (2)4 volt 2 oy 1) 3 volts (2) 4 volts oer @) ser (3) 6 volts (4) 8 volts 2B 32 Sol 3) Sur 4) Sy So. B) 3 @ 3 Capacitance=2 Cy = 3 nF ‘The charge through the circuit = 3% 12= 36 pC Potential difference across 4.5 iF capacitor a. B= FE =8volis Ans. 141 Example-18- Sot. A capacitor 4 uF charged to SOV is connected to another capacitor of 2 ylF charged t0 100V with plates of like charges connected together. The total energy before and after connection in multiples of (107 J) is — (1) LS and 1.33 (2) 1.33 and LS (3)3.0-and 2.67 (4) 2.67 and 3.0 ‘The total energy before connection 1 1 =F x4 x 10 x (SO + > x 2x 10 x (100)? J * 4x 10° x (SOP + > x 2% 10-6 x (100) = 1s« 102s ‘When connected in parallel jtCN. 4450) +2000) G+, > 6 200 = V==EVolt(common) Total energy after connection Ans. [1] ‘Two capacitors of 3pF and 6pF ate connected in series and a potential difference of S000V is applied across the combination. They are then disconnected ‘and reconnected in parallel. The potential between the plates is — (1) 2250V QntV (3)225*108V Lx 106V 4ia,d c= 29F c 376 oe Total charge = 2 « 10-12 « 5000 = 10-8 © The new potential when the capacitors are connected in parallel is 10° Y= B+ 6)x10 = TLV Ans.(2] Example-20 ‘Three capacitor are connected in series across a 75 volt supply. The voltages across then are 20, 25 and 30 volts respectively and the charge on each is 3 10° C. Find the capacity of each eapacitor and also total capacity of the combination. Here Q=3x108¢ V=75V, V, = 20V, V3 = 25 V, V3 =30V Let C), Cy and Cy be the capacities of the capacitor respectively and C be the capacity of the combination, since C= +) (In series combination, charge is same) 3x10" a1s* = 15 «105 39 ESRB 1S 109 F be 1.2104 F=12* 10°F 25 7 co Ake 1.0* 104 F=10 « 10° F * 30 Total capacity of the combination pot tt ce) 6, *C,*¢, On solving C = 40 uF ‘Example-21, (1) Two diviecrie slabs of dielectric constant Ky and K, have been filled in between the plates of a capacitor as shown in fig. What will be the capacitance in each case. NEw (2) A capacitor if filled with two dielectric of same dimensions but of dielectric constant 2 and 3 respectively CapacitanceSol. (1) The arrangement shown in fig is equivalent to two capacitors joined in series. Let their capacitance be C, and C, respectively, The KA KA gia. and C2=t d/2 ade a/2 j (2) Let A be the area of each plate of the capacitor and d be the distance between the two plates. Ifthe capacitance be C, and C; respectively, then K,A/2 a K\A/2 a 0 and C= 69: Let C be the equivalent capacitance, then C @ at] {2 Two condensers are in parallel} CHARGING AND DISCHARGING OF CAPACITOR IN Charge on the capacitor increases with time during charging ‘Charge onthe capaci decreases with ne during sharing al Charging Charging Discharging : After the completion of charging, if battery is removed capacitor starts discharging. In transient state charge on the capacitor at any instant Q= CEe*® and potential difference cross the capacitor at any instant V = Be RC, SERIES RC CIRCUIT: (ii) Time constant (¢) : The quantity RC is ealled the . time constant as it has the dimension of time during ging i - ~ 7) = 0.63 () Charging : In transient state of charging charge on charging if t= t= RC, Q = Qyfl ) = 0.6: (ie 1 the capacitor at any instant Q=CE(1 ) ana Q = 63% oF Qy (t 37) or during discharging potential difference across the capacitor at any “une it is defined as the time during which charge on instant Ve = E(t") capacitor il to 0.37 tines (37%) ofthe ntl charge (Here Q and V are the instantaneous values of charge oon the capacitor. ‘and potential difference c R SOLVED EXAMPLE 4h * +e Example22, Ve A capacitor is discharged through a 10 MQ resistor ti and it i Found that the time constant is 200s. Then, “a find the value of the capacitance s Sol t= RC = 200, thus Capacitance © = 200 / 10 « 106 = 20 pFExample-23 Sol. A 2500 UF capacitor is charged through @ 1 KO resistor by @ 12V dic. source, What is the voltage ‘across the capacitor alter 5 sec ? The time constant of the circuit is TRC = 10 « 2500 x 10-6 = 2.5 see For charging v put t = Ssec, and t= 2.5 see, then v Vy (Q- 120-6) = 12 0.865 Rey 1201 ~ 0.135) 10.38 volt CapacitanceEXERCISE- CAPACITANCE 26 Finding capacitance, Parallel, Spherical, Cylindrical QU Eight drops of mercury of equal radii possessing equal charges combine to form a big drop. Then the capacitance of bigger drop compared to each individual small drop is (1) 8times (2) 4times (3) 2times (4) 32 times Q2 The capacity of parallel plate condenser depends on (1) The type of metal used (2) The thickness of plates (3) The potential applied across the plates (4) The separation between the plates Q3 Eight small drops, each of radius rand having same charge q are combined to form a big drop. The ratio between the potentials of the bigger drop and the smaller drop is ays: yaa @ @2:1 ws Q4 _N identical spherical drops charged to the same potential V are combined to form a bi drop. The potential ofthe new drop will be av Q)VIN @VeN vane Equivalent capacitance (Series & parallel combination) as QS The condensers of capacity C, and C, are connected in parallel, then the equivalent capacitance is (e+e, a & OE Ae Seven capacitors each of capacity 2uF are to be so ° erm torent cy GF, eit be the necessary figure as shown ue ° ° a 8 ue ue Four plates ofthe same area of cross-section are joined as shown in the figure. The distance between each plateis d. The equivalent capacity across Aand B will (2 @3ur ve ort (4)05 WF Circuit Analysis Q6 A capacitor having capacitance C is charged to a voltage V. Itis then removed and connected in parallel with another identical eapacitor which is uncharged. a) ‘The new charge on each capacitor is now «ev aev/2 @2cv evils QA7 Two capacitors of 3pF and 6pF are connected in se and a potential difference of 5000 V is applied across the combination. They are then disconnected and reconnected in parallel. The potential between the Pa plates is —— (12250V, @22v + ye (3)2.25* 10~—V LEX 10°V ue ue . N Q18 Three capacitors of capacitance 3 HF, 10 uF and 1S uF Qe are connected in series to a voltage source of 100V. The charge on 15 uP is () lar (2)2 WF (1) 50pC (2)100 pC G)SHF 4 HF (3) 200 uC (4) 280 0C Capacitanceseems Brown 19 “Thechargeonanyene ofthe 2 eapactorsand | uF Q25 _Twoapicitons and Bare contested sees witha capaciter-will be eiven redpestively Ga pC) tery as shown in the figure. When the switch S is cect Wil Vekieh Raeedey C0) closed and the two capacitors get charged fully, then ue ue mae LN | ue — ov aa (1) The potential difference across the plates of A is 4V and across the plates of B is 6V One @21 (2) The potential difference across the plates of A is @ll 2.2 ‘6V and across the plates of B is 4V G) The ratio of electrical energies stored in Aand B is 23 Q.20 Inthe figure. potential of+ 1200 Vis givento point A . 5 and point B is earthed, what is the potential at the (4) The ratio of charges on A and B is 3:2 int P m Dielectrics ae 26 Anair filled parallel plate capacitor has capacity C. AF ; distance between plates is doubled and it is immersed Me 8 in a liquid then capacity becomes twice. Dielectric ade constant ofthe liquid is wl @2 uF @3 wa 100v, @)200V 027° Aparallelplatee 5. parallel plate capacitor with air as medium between (@)400V 4) 600 the plates has a capacitance of 10 uF. The area of capacitor is divided into two equal halves and filled Energy and Heat dissipated ‘with two media as shown inthe figure having dielectric Q21 A.condenser has a capacity 2 pF end is charged toa ens fae, = The ballon tt voltage of 50 ¥. The energy stored is System walinowe L : (1)25 10"Joule 4 x2x50 (3)25 x 1erg (4) 2500 10 & kK Q.22 A capacitor of capacitance 6uF is charged upto 100 volt. The energy stored in the capacitor is (a) 463100 Joule (2)0.06 Joule (1) 10 nF @)20 uF 2 (3)30uF (4)40 uF (8)3* 10-oule (4)0.3 Joule RC Circuit 23. A40,uFcapacitorina defibrillators charged to3000¥, 28 In the circuit here, the steady state voltage across Thetoenes aured inthe eepachor ioveat tecugh the capacitor C is a fraction of the battery e.m.f. The ay ah = fraction is decided by patient during a pulse of duration 2ms. The power Ry delivered tothe patient is x ayaskw (2)90 kW c (3) ISOKW (4)360 kW A Re Q.24 The energy stored in a condenser is in the form of (1) Kinetic energy (2) Potential energy (1), only @R, and R, only (3) energy (4) Magnetic energy G) Rand R, only GR Rand R, Capacitancequ Q2 4 Q6 EXERCISE- The radii of two metallic spheres are 5 em and 10 em and both carry equal charge of 754C. Ifthe two spheres are shorted then charge will be transferred— (1)25 uC from smaller to bigger (2)25 uC from bigger to smaller (3)50 UC from smaller to biguer (4)50 pC from bigger to smaller Two isolated charged metallic spheres of radii R, and R, having charges Q, and Q, respectively are connected to each other, then there is: (1) No change in the electrical energy of the system (2)An increase in the electrical energy of the system, (3) Always a decrease in the electrical energy of the system (4) A decrease in electrical energy of the system until QR, QR, No current flows between two charged bodies ‘connected together when they have the same (I) capacitance or Q/V ratio (Q)charge G) resistance (4) potential or QIC ratio The capacitance of a parallel plate condenser does not depend upon () the distance between the plates (2) area of the plates (3) medium between the plates (A) metal of the plates ‘Two spherical conductors of capacitance 3.0,F and 5.0uF are charged to potentials of 300Volt and SO0Volt, ‘The two are connected resulting in redistribution of charges. Then the final potential is (1) 300 volt (2) 300 volt (3)425 volt (4)400 volt Inthe adjoining circuit, the capacity between the points Aand Bwill be - © ¢ ce © a a 8 e § Q, Bey, (EE, (DU>U, A parallel plate capacitor A is filled with a dielectric ‘whose dielectric constant varies with applied voltage as K = V. An identical capacitor B of capacitance C, with air as dielectric is connected to voltage source V, =30V and then connected to the first capacitor after disconnecting the voltage source. The charge and voltage on capacitor. (A) Aare25C, and25 V (©BareSe,and SV (B)Aare25C, and SV (D)Bare SC, and25.VQuiz Qs Qu9 Q.20 ‘A parallel plate air-core capacitor is connected across a source of constant potential difference. When a dielectric plate is introduced between the two plates then (A) some charge from the capacitor will flow back into the source (B) some extra charge from the source will flow back into the capacitor (Othe electric field intensity between the two plate does not change (D) the electric field intensity between the two plates will decrease Following operations can be performed on a capacitor X — connect the eapacitor to a battery of emt EY — disconnect the battery Z — reconnect the battery with polarity reversed W ~ insert a dielectric slab in the capacitor (A) In XYZ (perform X, then Y, then Z) the stored electric energy remains unchanged and no thermal energy is developed (B) The charge appearing on the capacitor is greater after the action XWY than after the action XYW. (© The electric energy stored inthe capacitor is greater after the action WXY than after the action XYW. (D) The electric field in the capacitor after the action ‘XW is the same as that after WX The instantaneous charge on capacitor in two discharging RC circuits is plotted with respect to time in figure. Choose the correct statement(s) (where and E, are emfs of two DC sources in two different ‘charging circuits and capacitors are fully charged). o nl | t 2. (ARC>R.C ®R, (OR,>RiIfE,“E, (D)C>6 iE, = B, Inthe eiuit shown in figure the switeh Ss closed at =0. Qui Q22 A Long time after closing the switch (A)voltage drop across the capacitor is E E (B) current through the battery is > R,GRy «© Jef (a #RDE 2 (R)+Ry+R (D) current through the resistance R,, becomes zero cnergy stored in the capacitor is ‘The charge on capacitor in two different RC circuits 1 and 2 are plotted as shown in figure. Choose the correct statement(s) related to the two circuits. (A) Both the capacitors ate charged to the same ‘magnitude of charge (B) The emf’s of cels in both the circuits are equal. (©) The emf’ of the cells may be different (D) TheemfE, is more than E, Capacitor C, of the capacitance 1 microfarad and capacitor C, of capacitance 2 microfarad are separately charged fully by a common battery. The two capacitors are then separately allowed to discharge through equal resistorsal time (=0 (A) the current in each of the two discharging circuits iszeroatt=0. (B) the current inthe two discharging circuits at are equal but non zero, (© the current inthe two discharging circuits at = 0 are unequal (D) capacitor C, loses 50% of its intial eharge sooner than C, loses 50% of its initial charge ‘Comprehension Type Questions # 1 (Q. No. 23 to 25) Capacitor C, in the circuit isa variable eapacitor (its capacitance can be varied). Graph is plotted between potential difference V, (across capacitor C,) versus C,, Electric potential V, approaches on asymptote of 10 Vas Csr, Capacitanceee -rwrses Qrrenns 70 (A) Both the 4uF capacitors carry equal charges in ‘opposite sense (B) Both the 4pF capacitors carry equal charges in same (V,-Vp>0 ()V,-V>0 vw) Q27 Ifthe potential of Cis zero, then (AV, =#20V, (av, +20¥,-V,)=2V, (C)2VA—Vp)+21V Vo) =4V OV,AV,2Ny 6 8 0 12 Q.28 The potential of the point B and D are | Cals) (AV, =8V @V,=12V Q23 EMF of the battery is equal to (ovieav (Vie RV (IOV (By (lev (D)20V 29 The value of charge qq, and g as shown inthe igure Q.24 The capacitance of the capacitor C, has value ae (A2HE (@ByouF (Sur (D) 2uF Q25 The capacitance of Cis equal 10 (A)2HF (B)OuF (O8uF ()12ur Comprehension Type Questions # 2(Q. No.26 to 29) “The figure shows a diagonal symmetric arrangement of capacitors and a battery Q.26 Identify the correct statements 4k og 2F Q.30 The circuit involves two ideal cells connected to a | 4 capacitor viaa Key K. Initially the key K isin position 1 and the capacitor is charged fully by 2V cell. The key is then pushed to position 2. Colum | gives physical quantities involving the circuit after the key is pushed from position 1. Column I gives corresponding results. Match the statements in Colum {with the corresponding values in Colum I lotr a wT Column 1 3 ‘Column IL (A) The net charge crossing the 4 volt cell in uC is @2 (B) The magnitude of work done by 4 Volt cel in wl is (96 (C) The gain in potential energy of eapacitor in wis (8 (D) The net heat produced in circuit in is (16 Q31__Ineach situation of eolumn-I circuit involving two non-ideal cells of unequal em E, and E(B, > E,) and equal internal resistance r are given. A resistor of resistance R is connected in ‘connected in last two situations as shown. Assume battery can suppl all four situations and a capacitor of capacitance C is ly infinity charge to the circuit (r, RO, E,,E, #0). Four ‘statements are given in column-I. Match the situation of column-I with statements in colum-IL. Column ® Wea Ter (p) magnitude of potential difference across " ” both cells can never be same. Capacitance® R EF (© Thecapacitor isinitidly uncharged. After the key K islosed Te ET k E,r (D) The capacitor is initially uncharged. After the key K is closed. 2: E,r (q)cell of ower emf absorbs energy, tha is, it gets charged up as long as current flows in circuit (0) potentia difference aarossod of lower enf may bezero. (5) current in the eireuit can never be zero (even after steady state is reached). ET « NUMERICAL VALUE BASED 35 What isthe force of attraction (in JN) between the Q32 A parallel plate eapacitor contains a mica sheet pistes of Maplteat capacitor of etea 17:7 ex, ibe (thickness 10° m) and a sheet of fibre (thickness voltage on the plates is 500 V and the distance be- 0.5x10" m), The dielectric constant of mica is 8 and tween them is 8.85 mn that ofthe Fibre is 2.5. Assuming tat the fibre breaks down when subjected toanclectrc fied oF6.4x10°V/ Q.36 2 conducting objects one with charge of +Q and an- mn find the maximum safe voltage in KV that can be other with -Q. are kept on xexis at applied to the capacitor. x=-Sandx=+4 respectively. The electric field onthe 33 A4 uF and a 9 uF capacitor are connected in series : across a 26 V battery. What is voltage of the battery It these two modified capacitors are charged by the x same potential V, the ratio of the energy stored in the ‘A parallel plate capacitor has plates cFarea'A separated two, would be (E, refers to capacitor (I) and E, to by distance‘ between them. Its filled with adilectic capacitor (I) (JEE Main-2019 (April which has a dielectric constant that varies as k(x) = K(1 pacitor (ID), i (ApeiD] + orx) where 'x' is the distance measured from one of the plates. IF (ad) <1, the total capacitance ofthe systema is best given by the expression IEE Main-2020 January) AK ead eles Ag K{), (ad '] AKe, AssKl (ad Ake (14 a ($)] (140d) Q.22,_A60 pF capacitors fully charged by a 20'V supply. Itis then disconnected from the supply and is connected to another uncharged 6OpF capacitor in parallel, The electrostatic energy that is lst inthis process by the time the charge’ redistributed between thems (in a) (JEE Main-2020 (January)] OE, “(KKK KK AGK RK) Q23 Effective capacitance of parallel combination of two K, )(K.K, +K,K, +K,K, KKK, OK KK E OF Capacitance capacitors C, and C, is 10,F. When these capacitors are individually connected to a voltage source of IV, the energy stored in the capacitor C, is 4 times that of ,, If these capacitors are connected in series, their effective capacitance will be: [JEE Main-2020 (January)] (42 pF )84 uF )32uF (4) L6uFitor is made of two square plates each of side Q.28 ‘a’ makinga very small angle « between them, as shown in figure. The capacitance will be close to: [JE Main-2020 January)} Q29 oF (+3) 4 se (1-22) a ad, Q.25 A 10 UF capacitor is fully charged to a potential difference of 50 V. After removing the source voltage it is connected to an uncharged capacitor in parallel, Now the potential difference across them becomes 20 V. The capacitance of the second capacitor is [JEE Main-2020 (Septemier)| @)10ur 4)30uF Q30 )20nF @)ISRE Q26 AS uF capacitor ischarged fully by 4220 V supply. tis then disconnected from the supply and is connected in series to another uncharged 2.5 iF capacitor. If the ‘energy change during the charge redistribution is 100 then value of X to the nearest integer is___. [JEE Main-2020 (September)] Q.27__Inthecireuit shown in the figure, the total charge is 750 HC and the voltage across capacitor C, is 20 V. Then the charge on capacitor C, is [JEE Main-2020 (September)] c Q3I =1sue C=8HE (J (1)650uC (2)590pC (3) 1601 4)450uC ‘Two isolated conducting spheres S, and S, of radius 2 4 5Rand 5 respectively, and are at a large distance from each other. ‘They are now connected by a conducting wite, A long time after this is done the charges on S, and S, are R have 12¢C and ~ 3nC charges, respectively [JEE Main-2020 (September)| (1) 45 yC on both (2) #45 wCand~4.5 xc (3)6 pCand3 uC (4) 3yCand6 xc A capacitor C is fully charged with voltage V,, After disconnecting the voltage source, it is connected in parallel with another uncharged capacitor of the charge is distributed between the two capacitors is IEE Main-2020 September) Lag? lay? doy? ay tev ao geve Oy oye Ley2 @ tev weve In the circuit shown, charge on the 5 1F capacitor is [JEE Main-2020 September) 2ur aur tf 1 I Sur | I 4 to ov ov (1) 16360C 2)1800nC (3)545C (4)1090"C parallel plate capacitor has plat of length wih “w" and separation of plates is“ I is connected to a battery of emt V. Adiclectric slab ofthe same thickness “d’ and of dielectric constant k = 4 is being inserted between the plates ofthe capacitor. At what length of the slab inside plates, will the energy stored in the capacitor be two times the initial energy stored? [JE Main-2020 September)| £ a 5 @> ay2t t OF 5 CapacitanceQ.32 Two capacitors of capacitances C and 2C are charged to potential differences V and 2V, respectively. These are then connected in parallel in such a manner that the positive terminal of one is connected to the negative terminal of the other. The final energy of this configuration is | JEE Main-2020 (September)] 3 9 ose ase @)Zer0 JEE ADVANCED PREVIOUS YEAR'S 3 o QU Attime t= 0, a battery of 10 V is connected across points A and B in the given circuit. If the capacitors have no charge initially, at what time (in seconds) does the voltage across them become 4 V? [Take : m5™ 1.6, fn3= 1.1] [JEE-2010} 2M jw 2M. 2uF tH Ae 28 Ly 2uF Q2 A 2uF capacitor is charged as shown in figure. The percentage of its stored energy dissipated after the Switch S is turned to position 2 is [JEE-2010), 1 2 s 2uF 8uF (A)0% — (B)20% = (C)75% — (D) 80% Q3°_ Inthe given circuit, a charge of +80 uC is given to the ‘upper plate of the 4 capacitor. Then in the steady state, the charge on the upper plate ofthe 3\F capacitor is IIT JEE-2012] 80,6 To 24 our (A) #324 (B)H40uC (C)H48 uC (D)#804C Capacitance Qa Q6 Berens Inthe circuit shown in the Figure, there are two parallel plate capacitors each of capacitance C. The switch S, is pressed first to fully charge the capacitor C, and then released. The switch 5, is then pressed to charge the capacitor C,. After some time, S, is released and then §, is pressed. After some time. [IEE Advanced-2013} 8, 8, 8 I | (A) the charge on the upper plate of, is2CV, (B) the charge on the upper plate of Gis C (C) the charge on the upper plate of (D) the charge on the upper plate of C; is~CV, av, v A parallel plate capacitor has a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K between its plates that covers I/ 3 of the area of its plates, as shown in the figure, The total capacitance of the capacitor is C while that ofthe portion with diclectric in between is C,. When the capacitor is charged, the plate area covered by the dielectric gets charge Q, and the rest ofthe area gets charge Q... Choose the correct option/options, igonoring édye effects. [JE Advanced -2014] Oo” An infinite line charge of uniform electric charge density 2.lies along the axis of an electrically conducting infinite cylindrical shell of radius R. At time ¢= 0, the space inside the cylinders filled with a material of permittivity € and electrical conductivity o. The electrical conduction in the material follows Ohm's law. Which one of the following graphs best describes the subsequent variation of the magnitude of current density (Q) at any point in the material? [JEE Advanced -2016] am a “ es % a © )the key is pressed at time g statement (s) is (are) true? Key 3. (A) The voltmeter displays ~ SV as soon asthe key is pressed, and displays-+ 5 V after long time (B) The voltmeter will display 0 V atime = In seconds (©) The curentin the ammeter becomes I/e ofthe initial value after Isecond (D) The current in the ammeter becomes zero after a long time ‘Comprehension Type Questions # 1 (Q.No.8 t0 9) Considera simple RC circuit as shown in figure 1 Process 1: In the circuit the switch S is closed at ‘and the capacitor is fully charged to voltage V, (ie. charging continues for time T >> RC). In the process. some dissipation (E.,) occurs across the resistance R. ‘The amount of energy finally stored inthe Fully charged capacitor is E, Process 2: In a different process the voltage is first set Mo . . to and maintained for a charging time T >> RC 2%, Theo the voltages rane to “V4 without assbarging the capacitor and again maintained fora time T>>RC. ‘The process is repeated one more time by raising the voltage to V, and the capacitor is charged to the same final voltage V, as in Process | These two processes are depicted in figure 2. [EE Advanced-2017] iat Qs Qo Quo Qui {In process 1, the energy stored in the capacitor E, and heat dissipated across resistance E., are related by (A) Ec (OE =2E, (BE, =E,In2 (DE, In process 2, total energy dissipated across the resistance E, is eye 1 me,=a(tev) @e, {Levy 3 3 qe iy On, EB, -Levg Three identical capacitors C,, C, and C, have a capectianes of LO UP each and they ate charged initially. ‘They are connected in a circuit as shown in the figure and C, is then filled completely with. a dielectric material of relative permittivity «, The cell electromotive force (emf) V,= 8V. Frstthe switch S, is closed while the switch S,' is kept open. When the capacitor C, is fully charged, S, is opened and S, is closed simultaneously. When all the capacitors reach equilibrium, the charge on C, is found to be SC. The value of &, [SEE Advanced-2018] A parallel plate Capacitor of capacitance C has spacing d between two plates having area A. The region between the plates is filled with N dielectric layers, d parallel to its plates, each with thickness 8 => The disse onstantof them Iyer, =K(1+2) " N For a very large N (> 10%), the capacitance C is o( S34) The value of «will be aud _ {0 is the permittivity of ree space] [WEE Advanced-2019] Capacitanceserous Bron ANSWER KEY EXERCISE QI) Q.2(4) Q4i4) Q5(1) Q6(1) Q7(4) Q.8(2) Q.9(4) Q.10(2) QA) Q12@2) Q14(1) Q.15(4) — Q.16(2) QI72)—Q.18G) —-Q.19(4)—Q.208) Q214) 220) Q240) 252) 0264) _Q273)__ 9280) EXERCISE-I Ql) Q2(4) Q3(4) Q4(4) Q5(3) Q.6(2) Q.7(3) Q.8(2) Q.9(2) Q.10(2) QUILT) QH2(2) QUB(L) QF) QS(4)—Q.16(2)_ QUT4) — QB(2)Q.19G3)_—Q.20(3) Q2T(1) — Q.22(2) Q23(1) 24GB) Q.25(2)—Q.26(2) Q.27(3)_—Q.2K(1)—Q.29(1)—Q.30(3) Q31() _Q322) 330) O34) O35) 362) Q.37(4)_——.38(4)__ 392) EXERCISE-III MCQ/COMPREHENSION/MATCHING/NUMERICAL QuU(AB.D) Q2(B,C) Q3(BC) Q4(A.C.D) Q.5(A,B.C) Q.6(A,D) Q.7(A.B.CD) Q8(B,.C) Q9I(AC) Q.10(A,B,C,D) Q.U(B.CD) Q12(A.0) Q.13(A.B.C) Q14(ACD) Q.1S(A.D) Q.16 (By QI7(BC) Q.18 (B.C.D)Q.19 (A.C) 214.0) 22.8.9) Q23(4) Q24(C) 251A) Q.27(A,B,C.D) Q.28 (B,C) Q.29(C) Q.30(A)p (B)r (C)q (D) p Q31(A)p.gs (Ips Op. Ope 032/521 Q.33[0012) 9.34(0030] 0.350025] _Q.36,0119] EXERCISE-IV JEE MAINS: PREVIOUS YEAR'S Q1G) O22) Q34) QA) QS) QHLBomHNATZ)—-QKE)_—Q9)._—_ QUO) QUG) GAT) OBE) Q44G) QS) QUE) QUT) QUA.) Q20) Q212) Q22[6] 234) Q24(1) 253) 264) 272) O.28G)_-Q29GB)__Q30(1) Q31(4) — Q32(1) JEEADVANCED PREVIOUS YEAR'S Q1t=2s Q.2(4) Q3(C) QA4(BD) Q5(AD) Q.6(B) Q7(ABCD) Q8(D) Q9(B) Q.101.50 Qu (1.00) Capactancesee (Charge given by the batery Q=C,,V= 4% 60=240 uC EXERCISES Sasa Q.1(3)_ Volume of 8 small drops = Volume of big drop. = 5 _x240= 50 xe + 4, 103549) SxGar = Tak! SR=2e ‘As capacity is r, hence capacity becomes 2 times Q10@) Tha given biicuit can be-redrawn as follows! © KeyA e2a) c= ria Q3@) Byusing Vy. =n Vy i % 1 F = we Sonat Q.11 (2) The given arrangement is equivalent tothe parallel ; combination of three identical eapacitors. Hence Q.4(4)_ Ifthe drops are conducting, then San? =n je?) equivalent capacitance = => R=N"r Final inet Q.12 (2) The given cireuit con be simplified as follows ‘So final potential V = final potential V =P = scl) 61) Q.7 (4) In the given system, no current will flow through the branch CD s0 i ean be removed Hence equivalent capacitance between A and B is 2uF. Q.13 (4) Minimum when connected in series and maximum when Effective capacitance of the system=5 +5=10 pF connected in parallel Q8(2) The given cireuit can be drawn as 224 aus wheeeoGs2) res pry predicted eel Ge 3 20°12 60 38 a L_—] ib Q.9(4) The given. cirgyit can be redrawn as follows 4 Ae Sur Sue ‘hh M 1 Ae c1eaae Equivalent capacitance of the circuit, = 4 uF Capacitanceeee Qusi) 4 ® ie hay oli) Lota tread AlsoV,+V,=10 erie a On solving (i) and (ii) V, = = Cy=05 HF cuba Q.16(2) Charge flows to second capacitor until the potential is Q-26(4) d i) same ie. V/2. Sonew i 'V/2. So new charge= CV/2 Dy raga 2d QU7Q) C= 5G > CH 2 DF From equation (i) and (ii) Total charge =2 * 10"! « $000 = 10°C ‘The nev potential when the capacitors are connected inparallelis 2x10" G+ 6x10 Q273) C=C, + 48) >C,-2 —_ axe’ axe4 ‘Charge on each capacitor 0 D510 yO Q=C,* V=52 100=200 uC — a te oF Q.19 (4) Potential difference across both the lines is same ive. 2 'V, Hence charge flowing in line 2 ues tise) ur if net) ww line (2) is2 uC Q.20(3) Given cireuit can be reduced as follows In series combination charge on each capacitor remain same. So using Q= CV (v,-V,) V,=0) Qi) arg Uatev a dbernio*(sn 2510" =25* erg 9.223) U=Lev? = 46x10" x(100)' = 0.035 eau 0.2302) Power 140510" (3000) _ 5 jw ~ 2xax1 0240) au) Q.28 (2) In steady state potential difference across capacitor V,=potential R, RAR, Hence V. depends upon R, and R, difference across resistance R, Vv a -“— EXERCISE-II QQ, +. 150K on 3 a . 28 uC charge will flow from smaller to bigger sphere Charge is flow until potential are equal and in charge flow energy is decrease a a Tr Gy FORO, Charge / Current flows from higher to lower potential oF QC ratio, CapacitanceQrrwcnnne ke A — rT Q4(4) C= d ‘where k = dielectric constant of medium 200 Se bia ee baweente aes ‘00 Q5(3) Q =900nC 200 Q, = 2500uC Batrectay 900 + 2500 = (3+5)V 3400 100 100 200pF v =S58 = aasv Ss Ss no further flow of charge occurs i. ‘condition of steady state. In charge flow energy is consumed in heat. Q2 (B,© Electric field in the eapacitoris same at every where which is equal to Vid. so that force at Cand B point is same. Electric field out side the capacitor is zero so that foree at A point is zero. a -9 a ayaa, 38.0) -0, +0, 27040, a Charge on outer surfaces are equal so Q=Q+Q+Q, voi) Capacitance Ading (i) and (ip ,=Q, and Q, Q-4 (A,C.D) When bwo plates of capacitor are connected to a battery. The charges get distributed so thatthe charges ‘on facing surface are equal & opposite. Also the battery does not create or destroy charges it distributes it, (2000) 360%0) asap 1 ‘20v ~300+a] aang VAVyry, Flow of charge from right to left through A Q.6 (A.D) As the capactitance are in series hence charge on @ both ofthem will besame. B= 5 Is=10V @ve=\ Q8 (B,C) Isolated > Q= constant CL ° =, > constant ray dsiy= eon Q9(A.C)C=2pF Charge on secon ow eapacot i 1 10K ~ 10uC Charge on third oweapacitorisq,= + = 104C=SuC ‘Therefore charge on the capacitor in the first row is ‘more than on any other eapacitor. Energy stored in all capacitor is= 10° (10)?=0.2 ml Ans Cm2uF oe Ca=C+F ewe (a Q.10(A,B.C.D) Initially After connecting battery Ik ge Energy supplied by cell = QE =: Q.11 (BC.D)Q,=CV, Q=CV, a Net charge = const. [B correct] 2CV=CWV,+V) _M+Vy c 2 [C correct] {As charge flows energy will cenainly be lost [Deorrect] Net charge on the connected plates is equal sum of inital charges because charge is conserved. Qu2 (A.C) 4% 500-2 « 500=6*V v Q.13(A,B,0) E= F = remains constant C= KC= Increase Q'=KQ=> Increase 1 U= JRCV'=KU= Increase Q.14 (A.C,D) Battery connected V = constant Jey A 2ea = Increase by K*times Q=CV=5Q'=KCV=KQ= Increase by K-times. QuUS(AD) Q, New charge=KC V, Potential Energy New potential energy KV, Correct options are (A), (D). CapacitanceQ16 (B.C) 30C, =(Gy+ KVG).V [iit sta Qu7BO) v= 1 const ct, (B) InXWY charge increases 4 QIAO >t é for same 4... Q.20(B,C.D) Along ime ater closing the switeh, system comes in steady state and no current flow through capacitor. Circuit :~ —, R,+R2=R; Legit energy stored in battery=> CV" 1 instman) 3¢( RoR, oR Q21(A.Ca,,. =4, the Sine magnitude of charge Q.22 (B,D) During decay of charge in RC circuit Te ae ere y= SE where Ip = 8 ya RC °, c. 1 it 1 1 v v Since potential difference between the plates is same e in both the eases at = O and is initially therefore Is equal to Aso q=qer*. When q= 22 then seen, pote St=RClog,2 => tC, Therefore time taken for the first capacitor (IF) for discharging 50% of Initial charge will be less (B), (D) are the correct options. la: = Both capacitors are charged up to0.2314) Q.24(C) Q.25(A) (Q.23 0 Q.25) When C; we de [__T there will be no charge on C; AsV, =10V therefore V= 10 From graph when C,=10 KF, V, =6V cat jev I | av = 10nF Charge on C, = Charge on C, + Charge on C; 6C,=4C, +40 uC a ‘Also when C. HEV, =5V Again using charge equation 5C,=5C, "30 nC ) Solving (1) and (2) C\=8yF C)=2uF. Q.26 (B,C) Letus assume potential at B to bex & Do bey. uF 2uF jt Bx mM al 20 oir tHe 20v (s-20)4+(-y)2 +200 48 ¥= 40 ond) 2ly—x) H(y-20)2+ y(4)=0 Say-X= 202) Solving (I)and (2) xe=l2sy=8 4uF 3a 32 Q27(A.8.CD) (AAs fiom figure V,=20V BAV,-V,)20-Vy) donb) r28= 3) oN, 20) mete %) Q29(C)q,= 4% % Q.30(A)p (B)r (C)g (D)p The initial charge on capacitor = CV, 1c ‘The final charge on capacitor=CV,=4% 1 pC=4 iC Net charge crossing the cell of emf4V is gi—4)=4-2=2 uC The magnitude of work done by cell of emf 4V is W =(q,-4)4 =8 The gain in potential energy of capacitor is AU = toyy2_v2) 21 tow? -vay=41« - OWE -Vi)= 5 1x12] w= 6d Net heat produced in circuit is AH = W— AU 6-2 Q31(A)pas (B)pxs (Opa Ops (A) For potential difference across cach cell tbe same ) Hence potential difference across both cells cannot be Cell of lower emf charges up. For potential difference across cell of lower emf'to be E-ir=E,+ir or i= zero B,+ir=0 which is not possible, (Current in the circuit eannot be zero 7BzE,. (B) For potential diference across each cell to be same E, = ir which is not possible No cell charges up. For potential difference across cell of lower emf'to be Capacitanceand which is possible. Current in the cireuit eannot be zero. (© Situation is same asin (A) except current decreases 2reR ence the only option that shall changes is ‘current shal finally be zero.’ (D) Situation is same as in (B) except curent decreases E) +E, 2r+R Hence the only option that shall changes is ‘current shall finally be zero.’ from tozero, 0321521 asyoo1z +» 22 933[0012) 5 * 459 abo & vets. Fa Q 2Ac, 9.35 [0025] 2A€, 2d’ 8.85107"? x17.7 x10 «500? ~ 2x (885x107)? _ 1025x104 =25,N 10° ht Q36[0119]9=CV 4 4 = J Edx — 39 Ile + 3 3 A Vv x ax v=20) >> Capacitance a fuy c 13 1 yr eu EXERCISE-IV JEE MAIN PREVIOUS YEAR’S 2 x8=6V K(Q+Q) 9x 10°(4x10* 64+9%10°% x2) Gay =220NIC Q2 (2) To hold 1 KV potential difference minimum Four ceapacitors are required in series 1 > Gs 7 for one series. So for Ceq to be 2uF, 8 parallel combinations are required. 8 parallel HHI ry 1KV => Minimum no, of capacitors = 8 x 4=32 Q3(4) Q= OV 5 = $4900) ov)4 HH aso Fal 0 av +6V=30 =V=3 ce, 6c, Al =O GOL eAl2 Q6(Boms) C= They ees an Sinialy ¢ € € «(2 4).( J, A/2 “a JK 4K, K+K,) a2 wk a Bikey Bike KK K+ Ky No option is correct, 0.7(2)8i,LAR=R V4 x0, oR a 2203 24R +5 sR ao oe | = DOS R)ER “1 (ROHR PS = GReR0 > R=20 go 08) Woo 3oe L 55(2204R) Lzton(1-22) 1210011 = BATOOATT = 507.69) 2x13 " eg, kya? In asc, wa |, 7] apt | ka In sing | C4 a0 (1), a ur) F=a ‘AG, 100% 18.85 x 10" 85 = 10°C Q.12 (1) Current = slope of q—T graph = 0, fatt=4 sec] Q13@) ae Before switch is shifted : Energy stored, and charge stored, Q=cE Alter swith is shifted Capacitanceseems Qrovevsnn, Q ce Vy -Vy= 2 =. = 1355 3.4 Mm 4c aC sao 408 kes Energy stored, Up ae 4c Qu6 (4) » sere 1e3¢ c nc 143) FF After fully charging, battery is disconnected nCV cw Total charge of the system= CV +nCV mnt CV fier the insertion of dielectric of constant K nC. Vc KC, New potential (common) total charge total capacitance _ (n= HCV_(n+DV “KC+n€ K¥n Q.5(4) j= 15x10? 50010" 8.86x107 x10 Capacitance Charges at inner plates are 1)tC and ~1yC Potential difference across capacitor 110°C 10" Farad ~ v sar oar a 24uF 4 sy Qus()] SKF = qh SF 1ov iby So total charge flow=9=5.4 uF * 10V =S4yc ‘The charge will be distributd in the ratio of eapaci- tance 24 4 ma 3 5 9X=54 pC =X =6uC «charge of 4 iP capacitor will beaX=4 6 WC =244C QU9()Ldx 4 Ke,AC+ax) Given—ad<1 @ y, 0 Q22(6) W2 o V,=20V Heat lost=U,-U, ~tevy-afe{ J 2 22 _cve s (6010 )(20) 4 =6+101=6nt 234), e Ww Given, +C, fi) 9K,K,K. alo 2 = 4c, sell) from equation (i) & (i) Q.20(4) Asq C\=2nF Hence slope of graph will give capacitance. Slope will C= 8uF bbe more in parallel combination. Hence capacitance in {fthey are in series parallel should be SOuF & in seties combination must OG be 8HF. Ca Gacy LOMF ‘Only in option 40 uF & 10 uF ' Coa 40+ 10=50 nF 40x10 a a * aaa ‘ 40+10 K(L+ax)eA 2) Capacitance of elements C* = Capacitance180 0.250) Vu" Qesvy= FHC 1 Qa1()U=5cv? Q.26(4)] c Now battery is disconnected and a capacitor of us connected t0 € then acv-cv € 032 (0 Vea aE = 1 oF L_ J t *GO)x JE ADVANCED PREVIOUS YEAR'S 02 2} Fquonofeuingt aac, va (teen! *=s) Cy-212-4uF Ris IMQ efi eats? Q2D) OF 4 100 = 30% Ans. 3 Lean nF uF Lf Qaaa 8V,=(6-V,)+46-V,) BO a" Tre 2 36 3 3 a= yoy «80-3 80 48 uC Q30(1)Q4(B,D) When switch §, is released charge on C, is 2CV, (on = (-4) cvs (=) eve (4) cv; paper plate | 3 18, 18 18. er lat) and charge on Ci €V. Con upper luc) Lid upper plate) and charge on Gas CV. (on upper le) 2 upper plate )and charge on C, is CV, (on'upper plate) 18 1818 Keg | 269A Bd” ad Q5(AD) C Q.10 [1.50] Be gic (Q.6(B) The line charge & cylinder will behave as capacitor filled with conductor i.e, resistance, It will be like a discharging RC circuit. Hence, (B) Q7ABCD) 81D) Be= SCV) Ey = WCW, FCG 1.1.00) t cv; reg MX Sede QV eN TG 18 ( 2) 5 N i, x wich my . ala WCW] 1 3 3 2 1 2 Capacitance