Chapter Checkup 1A
Photosynthesis Root hairs
The chemical process by which green plants Tiny projections near the end of a root that
produce food absorb water and dissolved minerals from the
soil
Stomata
Guard cells
Tiny holes or pores in a leaf through which air
enters A pair of cells that surrounds each stoma on a
leaf to control how much water evaporates
through the stomata
Cholorphyll
The pigment, or coloring, that makes plants Cellulose
green and is necessary for photosynthesis
A tough, fibrous material manufactured by
plant cells out of glucose and used to make
Chloroplasts cell walls
Tiny packages of chlorophyll contained in the
cells of a leaf Tropism
The growth of a plant in response to a
Glucose condition in tis environment, such as gravity,
water, light or touch
A type of sugar; the food plants need in order
to live
Bracts
Midrib The colorful leaves some flowers produce that
may be mistaken for petals
The large vein in the middle of the leaf
Pistil
Cuticle
The long tube in the middle of the flower that
The waxy covering that coats the skin of a leaf has the ovary at its base
and prevents water from escaping
Fertilization
Shoot system
The process when a sperm cell unites with an
The part of the plant that is visible above the egg cell
ground
Pollination
Root system
The transfer of pollen from a stamen to the
The part of the plant that is below the ground pistil
Taproot Embryo
One main root that goes deep into the ground The living, miniature, undeveloped plant that
is within the seed
Root cap
Botanists
A layer of tough protective cells that covers
the end of the root Scientists who study plants
Hybrid
A new variety of plant produced by cross-
fertilizing related plants
Chapter Checkup 1A
Leaves Bladderwort
Make food for the plant Underwater plant has hollow leaves filled
with water that can quickly expand and suck
in an insect or small crustacean
Stem
Carries liquid from roots to leaves and back Grasses
The most important family of food-producing
Veins plants, with long, thin leaves and very small
flowers
Transport liquids; reinforce the structure of
the thin, fragile leaf
Pea family
Roots Often called legumes, this is the second
largest family of flowering plants
Absorb water and minerals for the plat's use;
anchor the plant in the soil
Lily family
Petals Most of the members of this family grow from
bulbs; their petals grow in multiples of three
Help attract bees or other creatures to a
flower's seeds
Rose family
Ovary Colorful and fruitful family has petals in
multiples of five
Holds one or more undeveloped seeds;
develops into the fruit
Composite family
Stamens The largest family of flowering plants; each
"flower" is actually a combination of many
Make and hold pollen small flowers
Bulb
Stores food during the growing season so that
the plant can continue to live after the leaves,
stems, and flowers have died
Pitcher plant
After this plant attracts insects with its
honeylike nectar, the insects slip into its
pitcher-shaped leaf where they are digested
Venus's-flytrap
The hinged leaves of this plant close on its
insect prey like the jaws of a steel trap
Sundew plant
The glistening bait of this plant is its sticky
"dewdrops" that trap unwary insects
