INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL, JEDDAH
SCIENCE
CLASS-8 L1-CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMEN
SOLVED WORKSHEET
I. Choose the correct answer
1. The practice of growing two or more dissimilar crops in the same field one
after another is
a) crop rotation (b) tilling (c) plantation
Ans: a) crop rotation
2. The management of rearing of animals for food and other products is
known as
a) granaries (b) animal husbandry (c) poultry
Ans: (b) animal husbandry
3. Compost is basically a
1) fertilizer (b) manure (c) pesticide
Ans: (b) manure
II. Fill in the blanks
1. The method of loosening the soil is called __________
Ans: tilling
2. Separation of grain from chaff is called __________
Ans: threshing
III. Assertion reason questions
1. Assertion: Before storing the harvested grains are properly dried in the
sun to reduce the moisture in them. This prevents the attack by insect
pests, bacteria and fungi
Reason: Harvested grains have more moisture. If freshly harvested grains
(seeds) are stored without drying, they may get spoilt or attacked by
organisms, making them unfit for use or for germination.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct statement and reason is correct
explanation for assertion.
b) Assertion and reason both are correct statement and reason is not correct
explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
d)Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement
Ans- Option A
2. Assertion: Farmers have to add manure to the fields to replenish the soil
with nutrients.
Reason: Continuous cultivation of crops makes the soil rich in nutrients.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct statement and reason is correct
explanation for assertion.
b) Assertion and reason both are correct statement and reason is not correct
explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
d)Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement
Ans-Option C
IV. Case base study
Before sowing the seeds, it is necessary to break soil clumps to get better yield.
This is done with the help of various tools. The main tools used for this purpose
are the plough, hoe and cultivator. Plough: This is being used since ancient times
for tilling the soil, addingfertilisers to the crop, removing the weeds and turning
the soil. This is made of wood and is drawn by a pair of bulls or other animals
(horses and camels). It contains a strong triangular iron strip called ploughshare.
The main part of the plough is a long log of wood which is called a plough shaft.
There is a handle at one end of the shaft. The other end is attached to a beam
which is placed on the bulls’ necks. One pair of bulls and a man can easily operate
the plough. The indigenous wooden plough is increasingly being replaced by iron
ploughs nowadays. Hoe: It is a simple tool which is used for removing weeds and
for loosening the soil. It has a long rod of wood or iron. A strong, broad and bent
plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade. It is pulled by
animals Cultivator: Nowadays ploughing is done by tractor-driven cultivator. The
use of cultivator saves labour and time.
Sowing is an important part of crop production. Before sowing, good quality, clean
and healthy seeds of a good variety—are selected. Farmers prefer to use seeds
which give high yield.
Are there seeds which float on water? Would those be lighter or heavier than those
which sink? Why would they be lighter? Damaged seeds become hollow and are
thus lighter. Therefore, they float on water. This is a good method for separating
good, healthy seeds from the damaged ones. Before sowing, one of the important
tasks is to know about the tools used for sowing seeds. Traditional tool: The tool
used traditionally for sowing seeds is shaped like a funnel. The seeds are filled into
the funnel, passed down through two or three pipes having sharp ends. These ends
pierce into the soil and place seeds there. Seed drill: Nowadays the seed drill is
used for sowing with the help of tractors. This sows the seeds uniformly at equal
distance and depth. It ensures that seeds get covered by the soil after sowing. This
protects seeds from being eaten by birds. Sowing by using a seed drill saves time
and labour. Appropriate distance between the seeds is necessary to avoid
overcrowding of plants. This allows plants to get sufficient sunlight, nutrients and
water from the soil. At times a few plants may have to be removed to prevent
overcrowding.
1) Which one of the following equipment is NOT used for the purpose of tilling
of soil?
(a) Plough
(b) Hoe
(c) Cultivator
(d) Hammer
2) ……………………………………………………………………………… is used
to sow seeds uniformly at equal distance and depth?
(a) Sickle
(b) Spade fork
(c) Seed drill
(d) Rake
3) What is the most important thing to be done before sowing of the seeds?
(a) Tilling
(b) seeding
(c) Harvesting
(d) Threshing
4) What needs to be taken care of before the process of sowing?
5) Explain a method to determine the damaged seeds before sowing.
Ans:
1) (d) Hammer
2) (c) Seed drill
3) (a) Tilling
4) Answer: Thing to be taken care of before sowing are to select good quality,
clean and healthy seeds of good variety.
5) Answer: To determine damaged seeds, they are put in a vessel containing
water. Some seeds will float and some seeds will sink. The seeds floating
are lighter because they are hallow from inside. Thus, damaged seeds can
be separated from good quality seeds.
6) What do you mean by the term crop? Explain briefly the types of crops
Ans:
Crop is the term used to describe a plant that is grown in a field on a large scale.
For example, cereal crops, pulses and fruit crops. The crops grown in India can be
classified as kharif and rabi. Kharif crops are sown in the rainy season (June to
September). For example, rice, maize, etc. Rabi crops are sown in the winter
season (October to March). For example, mustard, wheat, potato, etc.
7) Name the various sources of irrigation in our country.
Ans:
Wells, tube wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams and canals.
8) What are the advantages of sowing seeds with a seeds drill?
Ans:
This tool sows the seeds uniformly at proper distances and depths. It ensures that
seeds get covered by the soil after sowing. This prevents damage caused by birds.
Sowing by using a seed drill saves time and labour.
2)
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9) What is the best time for the removal of weeds?
Ans:
The best time for the removal of weeds is before they produce flowers and
seeds.
10) Draw the following
i. plough
ii. hoe
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