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WEEK # 06
3.5 DERIVATIVES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
3.6 THE CHAIN RULE

IMPORTANT FORMULAE (from week 05)

d d n
1) (C)  0 2) ( x )  n xn1(Power rule)
dx dx
(Where C is a constant)

3) ( f  g ) '  f '  g ' 4) ( f  g )'  f '  g '

d x d
5) (e )  e x 5) (C f )  C f '
dx dx

d d  f  g. f '  f .g '
7) ( f .g)  f '.g  f . g ' 8)  
dx dx  g  g2
(Product Rule) (Quotient Rule)
d d d d
9) (x)  1  (t) 10)  c  f   c ( f )
dx dt dx dx

dy
NOTE :  y'
dx
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3.5 DERIVATIVES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Without Chain Rule With Chain Rule

d d
1)  sin x  cos x 1) sin f (x)  cos f (x). f '(x)
dx dx
d d
2)  cos x   sin x 2)  cos f (x)   sin f (x). f '(x)
dx dx
d d
3)  tan x  sec2 x 3)  tan f (x)  sec2 f (x). f '(x)
dx dx
d d
4)  csc x   csc x  cot x 4)  csc f (x)   csc f (x)  cot f (x)  f '(x)
dx dx
d d
5)  sec x  sec x  tan x 5) sec f (x)  sec f (x)  tan f (x)  f '(x)
dx dx
d d
6)  cot x   csc2 x 6)  cot f (x)   csc2 f (x). f '(x)
dx dx
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EXAMPLE: 1 Find derivative of f (x) 3x2 2cos x 5ex 17

SOLUTION:

1
EXAMPLE: 2 Find derivative of f ( x)  7sin x  e x  cot x
2
SOLUTION:
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EXAMPLE: 3 Find derivative of f ( x )  2 sec x  csc x

SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE: 4 Find derivative of f ( x )  x  cos x

SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE: 5 Find derivative of f ( x )  x  cot x

SOLUTION:
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ALSO TRY : f ( x)  x  csc x

Answer : f '( x)  csc x  x csc x  cot x
EXAMPLE: 6 Find derivative of f ( x )  sin x  cos x
SOLUTION:

ALSO TRY :1) f ( x)  tan x  csc x

2) f ( x)  cot x  tan x
3) f ( x)  sin x  tan x

EXAMPLE: 7 Find derivative of f ( x)  x  e x  csc x

SOLUTION:
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EXAMPLE: 8 f (t )  t 5  et  sin t
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE: 9 Find derivative of f ( x )  x  e x  cos x

SOLUTION:
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TRY :
1) f ( x)  x  e x  tan x
2) f ( x)  x  e x  cot x
3) f ( x)  x  e x  csc x

EXAMPLE: 10 Find derivative of f ( x)  x 2  sin x  tan x

SOLUTION:
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TRY :
1) f ( x)  x 2  sec x  tan x
2) f ( x)  x 2  sin x  cot x
3) f ( x)  x 2  cot x  csc x

EXAMPLE : 11 If f ( x)  cos x ; find y3  ?

SOLUTION:

sec 
EXAMPLE: 12 Find derivative of f ( ) 
1  sec 
SOLUTION:
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1  sec x
EXAMPLE: 13 Find derivative of f ( x) 
tan x
SOLUTION:

cosx
EXAMPLES: 14 Find derivative of f ( x) 
1 - sinx
SOLUTION:
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TRY THE FOLLOWING: (Find derivative)

sin x ex
a) y  b) y 
1  cos x sin x  cos x
ex ex
c) y  d) y 
1  sin x  sin x  cos x
x2 3x 2
e) y  f) y
1  cos x cos x  sin x
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Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve

 
y  sec x at  , 2 
3 
SOLUTION:

sin 7 x 1 sin 7 x NOTE THAT

lim  lim
x 0 4x 4 x 0 x sin x
lim 1
7 sin 7 x x 0 x
 lim
4 x 0 7 x tan x
lim 1
7 7 x 0 x
 (1) 
4 4 lim co s x  1
x 0

cos x
li m x cot x  l im x sin 3 x
x 0 x 0 sin x Sol ve lim
 x 
x 0 x
 lim co s x   sin 3 x
x 0
 sin x   3 lim
x 0 3x
 x 
 lim co s x lim    3  1   3
x 0 x 0
 sin x 
 1   1   1
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EVALUATE THE LIMIT

ta n 6 s in 6
li m  li m 
  0 s in 2   0 ta n 2

EVALUATE THE LIMIT

s in 4
lim 
  0 s in 6
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  x 2  2 x  3 7  x 2  2 x  3
TRY: 1) xlim 2) lim
1 2 sin( x  1) x 1 2 tan( x  1)

  x 2  2 x  3 7  x 2  2 x  3
3) xlim 4) lim
1 2 sin( x  1) x 1 2 tan( x  1)
23 tan( x  1) 23sin( x  1)
5) lim lim
x 1 5  x 2  2 x  3 6) x 1 5  x 2  2 x  3

23 tan(2 x  2) 3sin(5 x  5)
lim lim
7) x  1
5  x 2  2 x  3 8) x 1 5  x 2  2 x  3

 3x 2  6 x  9  7  2x2  4x  6
9) xlim 10) lim
1 2 sin(5 x  5) x 1 2 tan( x  1)

tan  x  3 sin  x  3
11) lim 12) lim
x 3 x 2 ( x 2  5 x  6) x 3 x 2 ( x 2  5 x  6)

k 3 sin  3 x  6 
13) lim
x 2 ( x 2  x  2)
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3.4 THE CHAIN RULE

If F(x) = f(g(x))
Then F'(x)=[f(g(x))]'
=f '(g(x)). g'(x)
OR By Leibnitz Rule
F(x) = f(g(x)) Let g(x)= u ( a function of x)
So F(x) = f(u)
Then F'(x)= f '(u)  u'
df du
= 
du dx

Also :
d
     f '( x)
n n 1
f ( x )  n f ( x )
dx
d f ( x)
dx
 e   e f ( x )  f '( x)
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EXAMPLE 1: Find derivative of y  sin 2 x

SOLUTION:
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d
 f ( x)  n  f ( x) P O W E R RULE
n n 1
 f '( x )
dx
e. g .
d 5
1)  x  7  
4

dx

d
2)
dx
 si n x 2  

d
3)
dx
 sin 2 x  
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4) y  tan  sin x 

5) y  tan  sin 2 x 

6) y  tan  sin e3 x 
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Differentiate y  sin sin(sin x) 

dy
Solution : 
dx

TRY : 1) Differentiate y  sin cos(e x ) 

2) Differentiate y  sin cos(e 2 x ) 
dy
Ans.1)   cos cos(e x )   sin(e x )   (e x )
dx
dy
Ans.2)  2 cos cos(e 2 x )   sin(e 2 x )   (e 2 x )
dx
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D ifferen tia te y  e k tan x

dy
S o lu ti o n : 
dx
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D ifferentiate y x x x
Solution :

TRY:
Differentiate :

1) y  tan x  tan x  tan x

2) y  sin x  sin x  sin x

3) y  e 2 x  e 2 x  e 2 x
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D ifferentiate y  sin  cos(tan x ) 

dy d
Solution : 
dx dx
 sin  cos(tan x ) 

d
 cos  cos(tan x ) . cos(tan x ) 
dx
d
 cos  cos(tan x )     sin(tan x )   (tan x )
dx
  cos  cos(tan x )   sin( tan x )   s ec 2 x
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T RY : If F ( x )  f  g ( x )  F ind F '(5)
w h en f (  2)  8, f '(  2)  4, f '(5)  3
g (5)   2, g '(5)  6.
S olut i on :
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TR Y : If R ( x )  f  g ( h ( x ))  Find R '(1)
when h (1)  2, h '(1)  4,
g (2)  3, g '(2)  5, f '(3)  6 .
Soluti o n :
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Q. Differentiate : y  e 2 t  cos 4t
Sol. Differentia ting w.r .t ' t ' :
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Differentiate : y   3t 1  2t 1

4 3
Q.
3
 x2  1 
Q. Differentiate : y   2 
 x 1 
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t ' x ' quotient rule
2
dy  x2  1   d  x2  1 
 3   2    2 
dx  x  1   dx  x  1  
 d 2  2 d 2 
 x  1    dx
2 2  x  1   x  1   x 2
 1  dx  x  1  
 3 2   
  x  1
2
 x 1   2

 

 x2  1 
2   2 x  0    x 2  1   x 2  1  2 x  0   
 3 2     
 x 1     1 
2 2

 x 
12 x  x 2  1
2

OR 
x  1
2 4
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1
 s 1  2 2
Q. Differentiate : y  2 
s 4
Sol . Differentiating w.r .t ' s '
1
1
dy 1  s  1 2 2  d  s2  1 
     2 
ds 2  s 2  4   dx  s  4  
1  d  2 d 
1  2 

s  1  2  ds
 s 2
 1    s  4    s 2
 1   ds  s 2
 4   
    
s2  4    s  4
2
2  2

 
   2 s  0    s 2  4    s 2  1   2 s  0  
1

1  s 1  2 2
   
  2 
2 s 4  s2  4 
2

 
1
 
1 s 4 2
6s
2
 OR 3s
OR   2 
2  s  1   s  4 
2 1 3

s  1 s  4
2
2 2
  2 2
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Example : Find an equation of the tangent line to the curve

2
y at  0,1 .
1  e x
Solution :
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Example : Find an equation of the tangent line to the curve

y  sin(sin x) at  , 0  .
Solution :
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For each function f, find its derivative f’. Do not simplify

1  sec x
1. (a ) f ( x) 
x3  cos x
(b) 
f ( x)  cot x  4 x tan x 
2. Use the chain rule to find the derivative of
the following functions. Do not Simplify :

 
3
x2
(a) f ( x)   csc x  e

 3 
(b) f ( x)   sin  3  4 
 x 
x5
e  2 x 2  1
(c ) f ( x) 
x 2/5
7
(d ) f ( x)  8 tan( x )
 sec(2 x) 
1
2   e x
(e) f ( x)  x
sec x  2 x 2
f) 
H ( x)  sec sin 3 x  e tan x

g) 
f ( x)  tan 2 3 x  sin(cot x) 
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D iffe r e n tia te th e fo llo w in g :

e x cos x 1  s in x
1) y  2) y 
1  s in x e x  cos x
x 2 ta n x x 2  ta n x
3) y  4) y 
7  s in x x  s in x
3 3 x csc t  e t
5) y  6) y 
ta n x  x  t 73 t
7 3
 1   1 
7) y   3x  ta n x  8) y    s in 2 x 
e   1  e 3x

5

   1 
2
9 ) y  s in 4 t  csc t 10) y    4e3x 
 cot 2 x 
 
  4
5
x2
1 1) y   x c s c x  e 1 2 ) y   c s c  5   
 2 x 

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