QUIZ no.5 Genetics D.

Mate them together, then mate their

offspring to see what color the grandchildren are
1. Which characteristic of pea plants was —the other color will be the dominant color.
NOT important in their selection as Mendel's
research organism? E. None of the choices are correct.

A. Most other scientists of the time were 4. The Greek root word for allele means
also using peas, so a lot was known about
them. A. gene.

B. Peas are easy to cultivate. B. hereditary.

C. Pea plants have a short generation time. C. mathematical.

D. Pea plants are self-pollinating but can be D. parallel or reciprocal.

cross-fertilized easily. E. different.
E. Many true-breeding varieties were
available. 5. During which stage of meiosis are the
bivalents arranged along the equator?
2. The term "bivalent" is built from the Latin A. prophase I
root words meaning
B. metaphase II
A. twice divided.
C. anaphase II
B. two and strength.
D. prophase II
C. double genetic.
E. metaphase I
D. half of a gene.

E. joined together. 6.The symbol "F" in the results of a testcross

stands for
3. If you had two guinea pigs of opposite sex, A. dominant.
both homozygous, one black and one brown,
but you didn't know which was the dominant B. recessive.
characteristic, how would you find out the
dominant color? C. first trait to show up.

A. Mate them together and see what D. "faulty" or unexpected results.

color the offspring are—that will be the E. filial.
dominant color.

B. Mate them together and see what color 7. In a Mendelian monohybrid cross, which
the offspring are—the other will be the dominant generation is always completely
color. heterozygous?

C. Mate them together , then mate their A. F1 generation

offspring to see what color the grandchildren are B. F2 generation
—that will be the dominant color.
C. F3 generation

D. P generation
8. Which of the following is NOT a difference A. Each individual contains two factors for
between anaphase I and anaphase II? each trait.

A. Each chromosome is composed of two B. One factor must be dominant and one
chromatids in anaphase I and only one factor recessive in each individual.
chromatid in anaphase II. C. Factors separate from each other during
B. Anaphase I occurs in a haploid cell gamete formation.
while anaphase II occurs in a diploid cell. D. Each gamete contains one copy of each
C. Sister chromatids separate during factor.
anaphase II while homologous chromosomes E. Fertilization restores the presence of two
separate during anaphase I. factors.
D. The cell undergoing anaphase II is
genetically different from from what it contained 12. The location on a chromosome where a
while undergoing anaphase I. particular gene is located is known as the:

A. allele
9. During which stage of meiosis does
crossing-over occur? B. dihybrid

A. prophase I C. locus

B. anaphase I D. diploid

C. telophase I E. autosome

D. prophase II 13. During which stage of meiosis does

E. anaphase II homologue separation occur?

A. prophase I
10. The term "synapsis" is built from the
Greek root word meaning B. anaphase I

A. divided. C. telophase I

B. two. D. prophase II

C. summarized. E. anaphase II

D. gene. 14. If a cell contains 12 chromosomes at the

E. joined together. end of meiosis I, how many chromosomes
will the daughter cells contain at the end of
11. Which is NOT true according to Mendel's meiosis II?
law of segregation? A. Each individual A. 3
contains two factors for each trait. B. One factor
must be dominant and one factor recessive in B. 6
each individual. C. Factors separate from each
C. 12
other during gamete formation. D. Each gamete
contains one copy of each factor. E. Fertilization D. 24
restores the presence of two factors.
15. What is the importance of crossing-over? pollinate it and harvest seeds, what are the
likely phenotypes of these seeds when they
A. It provides extra genetic material for the germinate?
daughter cells.
A. All will be green with chlorophyll since
B. It increases the likelihood that that is the dominant trait.
daughter cells contain different genetic
material. B. All will be white and lack chlorophyll
since this is self-pollinated.
C. It produces the proteins that are
associated with DNA in chromosomes. C. About one-half will be green and one-half
white since that is the distribution of the genes in
D. It increases chromosome condensation. the parents.
E. It separates the homologous D. About one-fourth will be white and
chromosomes. three-fourths green since it is similar to a
monohybrid cross.
16. Which statement is NOT true about
homologues in meiosis I? E. About one-fourth will be green and three-
fourths white since it is similar to a monohybrid
A. Homologous chromosomes pair to form a cross.
tetrad.

B. Homologous chromosomes separate and 19. At which stage of meiosis is each

go to different daughter cells. chromosome composed of a single
chromatid?
C. Each homologue's centromere splits
to form two chromosomes. A. prophase I

D. Homologues exchange genetic material B. metaphase II

between non-sister chromatids. C. anaphase II
E. Homologues interact with the spindle as D. prophase II
if they were one chromosome.
E. metaphase I
17. If an individual with a dominant
phenotype is crossed with an individual with 20. What is the blending theory of
a recessive phenotype, 4 of their 9 offspring inheritance?
show the recessive phenotype. What is the
genotype of the first parent? A. Mendel's theory of how the traits of
parents are passed to offspring through the
A. AA gametes

B. Aa B. Darwin's theory of how traits are passed

from all parts of the parent's body into the
C. aa gamete to be transmitted to the offspring
D. The answer cannot be determined from C. the modern theory of how genetic
this information. information is passed from parents to offspring

18. Some plants fail to produce chlorophyll, D. an old theory that said that offspring
and this trait appears to be recessive. Many show traits intermediate between those of
plants also self-pollinate. If we locate a pea the parents
plant that is heterozygous for this trait, self-
21. If a sperm cell contains 8 chromosomes, 25.The F2 offspring of a monohybrid cross
it comes from an animal that has ______ would show the genotype(s)
chromosomes.
A. AA and Aa.
A. 4
B. Aa and aa.
B. 8
C. AA, Aa, and aa.
C. 12
D. AA only.
D. 16
E. Aa only.
E. 24
26. To what does the term chiasma refer?
22. The events of meiosis II are most similar
to A. the process of fertilization

A. mitosis. B. the life cycle of a fungus

B. meiosis I. C. the process of crossing-over

C. interphase. D. a structure that holds together

homologues during crossing-over
D. interkinesis.
E. the period between meiosis I and meiosis
23. A synaptonemal complex is II

A. the internal structure of nucleoprotein 27. In which kind of cross would you expect
that makes up a chromosome. to find a ratio of 3:1 among the F2 offspring?

B. a nucleoprotein lattice that forms A. monohybrid cross

between homologues in chiasmata.
B. dihybrid cross
C. the spindle fibers that attach to
homologous chromosomes during meiosis. C. testcross

D. the spindle fibers that attach from pole to D. None of the choices are correct.
pole without binding chromosomes.
28. In a Mendelian monohybrid cross, which
E. the set of cells produced from a single generation is always completely
original parent cell in oogenesis. homozygous?

24. Which of the following is NOT a trait that A. F1 generation

is the result of, or is affected by, the B. F2 generation
interaction of more than one gene?
C. F3 generation
A. human skin color
D. P generation
B. cleft palate

C. height 29. The F1 offspring of a monohybrid cross

would show the genotype(s)
D. sickle cell anemia
A. AA and Aa.

B. Aa and aa.
 C. AA, Aa, and aa. D. Any of the results would prove the black
guinea pig was homozygous.
D. AA only.
E. Only microscopic examination of the
E. Aa only. guinea pig's genes could absolutely confirm
homozygosity.
30. The offspring of a monohybrid testcross
would show the genotype(s) 33. The term built from the Greek root words
A. AA and Aa. meaning "corresponding" or "agreeing" is

B. Aa and aa. A. tetrad.

C. AA, Aa, and aa. B. homologous.

D. AA only. C. haploid.

E. aa only. D. diploid.

E. chromatid.
31. If a pea plant shows a recessive
phenotype, 34. In the genus Lacerta are species of
A. it can be either TT or Tt. lizards that are female and do not mate. They
undergo "endomitosis" where one extra
B. it can be either Tt or tt. chromosome replication results in a
tetraploid cell before meiosis begins; normal
C. it can be only TT. female 2n offspring result without
D. it can be only tt. fertilization. What change(s) from regular
meiosis (in preparation for fertilization)
E. it can be TT, Tt, or tt. would be required to produce this system?

32. If you had two guinea pigs of opposite A. The haploid cell products of meiosis II
sex, both homozygous, one black and one fuse.
brown, but you didn't know which was the B. Meiosis stops after meiosis I and does
dominant characteristic, how could you be not proceed to meiosis II.
certain that the guinea pigs are truly
homozygous? C. Cytokinesis fails to occur prior to
meiosis I.
A. The guinea pigs would be
homozygous for black (or brown) coat color D. During anaphase II, the sister
if each strain could be bred for many centromeres fail to separate and daughter cells
generations and only black (or brown) will not form.
colored offspring were produced.
E. During anaphase II, the daughter
B. If the immediate parents of the black (or chromosomes are non-disjunctive and are all
brown) guinea pigs were both of that color, it pulled to one daughter cell.
proves they are homozygous.
35. Which of the following crosses would
C. If a cross between the black and brown always result in offspring that only display
guinea pig produced four all black offspring, the the dominant phenotype?
black guinea pig would have to be homozygous
for black coat color. A. TT x tt
 B. Tt x Tt C. öocyte.

C. TT x TT D. gamete.

D. Tt x Tt E. polar body.

E. both TT x tt and TT x TT 40. It could be said that males are able to

provide gametes with more genetic diversity
36. Which of the following steps would NOT than females for reproduction. One main
lead to variation of genetic material? reason would be:
A. crossing over of non-sister chromatids A. Males provide more genes in sperm than
B. crossing over of sister chromatids females provide in eggs.

C. the alignment of the chromosomes B. Crossing over occurs more often in the
during metaphase I formation of sperm than in eggs.

D. the combination of sperm and egg C. Spermatogenesis in males results in

genes. four functional sperm while oogenesis in
females results in only one egg and three
37. What aspect of Mendel's background structures that contain genetic information
gave him the necessary tools to discover the that is lost when they disintegrate.
laws of inheritance? D. Sperm that contain a recombination of
A. He was a monk. genes are usually more successful in fertilizing
an egg.
B. He was a teacher.

C. He lived in Austria.

D. He had studied mathematics and

probability.

E. He corresponded with Charles Darwin.

38. The cell formed through fertilization is

called a/an

A. gamete.

B. sperm cell.

C. zygote.

D. egg cell.

E. ovum.

39. Another name for a tetrad is a/an

A. homologue.

B. bivalent.