G3CS SCHEME

USN R e 18EC61

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2022

Digital Communication
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100

Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, chapsing ONE full questionfrom each module.

1 a.
Module-1
What are the applications of Hilbert transform? Prove that a signal g(t) and its Hilbert
transform é(t) are orthogonal over the entire time interval(-oo). (08 Marks)
b. For abinary sequence 0100000001011 construct
i) RZ Bipolar fornmat
Manchester format üi) B3ZS format iv) B6ZS format
v)HDB3 format. (08 Marks)
C. Define Pre-envelope ofa real valued signal. Givena band pass signal S(), sketch the
amplitude spectraofsignal S(), Pre-envelope S.() and Complex envelope S (). (04 Marks)
OR
2 a. Express Bandpáss signal S() in canonicâl,form. Also explain the scheme for deriving the in-
phase and quadrature components of the band pass signal S(t). (08 Marks)
b. Derive the expression for the complex lowpass representation of band pass systems.
(08 Marks)
C. Write a note on HDBN signaling (04 Marks)

3 a.
Module-2
Explain the geometric representation of set of M energy signals aaaliiear combination of N
orthonormal basis functions. Illustrate for the case N=2 and M=3 with
and expressions. necessary diagrams
(10 Marks)
Explain the Correlation receiver using,product integrator and matched filter.
(10 Marks)
OR
4 a. Using the Gram
Schmidt Orthogonalization procedure, find a set of orthonormal basis
functions to represent the three signals S1(t) , S2{t) and S3(t) shown in Fig. Q4(a). Also
express each of these signals in terms of the set of basis functions.
(12 Marks)

S,t) t)
|st

Fig. Q4(a)

b. Show that for a noisy input, the value of the

and all the correlator outputs
mean
j" correlator output X; depends only on Sij
Xj, j=1,2,.....N have a variance equal to the PSD No of
the additive noise process W(t). (08 Marks)
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Module-3
5 . Derive the expression for error probability of binary PSK using coherent detection.
(06 Marks)
b. Explain the generation and optimum detection of differential phase - shift keying, with neat
block diagram. (08 Marks)
C. A binary data is transmitted over a microwavétink at a rate of 10" bits/sec and the PSD of
noise at the receiver is 10 watts/Hz. Find-theaverage carrier power required to maintain an
average probability of error Pe S 10% fop cotetent binary FSK. Whatisthe required channel
bandwidth? (Given erf (2.6) = 0.9998). (06 Marks)

6 a.
OR
With a neat block diagram, expiainthe non - coherent deteotion of binary frequency shit
keying technique. (08 Marks)
b. In a FSK system, following data are observed. Transmitted binary data rate = 2.5 x 10°

bits/second PSD of zerohean AWGN = 1020 Wattsa. Amplitude of received signal in the
absence of noise Determine the averageprobability of symbol error assuming
coherent detection (Given erf (2.5) = 0.99959). (08 Marks)
C. What is the advantage of M - ary QAM overMary PSK system? Obtain the constellation
of QAM for M4and draw signal space.diagrám. (04 Marks)

Modnle-4
7 a. With a,neat block diagram, explajn the digital PAM technique thrdugh band limited base
band channels. Also obtain the expression for inter symbolinterference. (08 Marks)
b. State and prove Nyquist conditiön for zero ISI. (08 Marks)
c. With neat diagram and relevant expression, explainthe.concept of adaptive equalization.
(04 Marks)

OR
8 a. For a binary data sequence {da} given by,1 0 1001. Determine the precoded sequence
transmitted sequence, received sequenceand the decoded sequeice. (06 Marks)
Draw and explain the time - domaigand frequency domain'of duo binary and modified
duo binary signal (08 Marks)
c. With neat diagram, explain thetiming features pertaining to eye diagram and its
interpretation for base band binary-data transmissión system. (06 Marks)

Module-5
9 a. Explain the model of aSpread Spectrum digital Communication system (08 Marks)
b.xplain the effect of dispfeading on a natrow band interference in Direct Sequence Spread
Spectrum System DSSs). A DSSS signätis designed to have the power ratio P a t the
intended recçiver is 102. Ifthe desired E=10 for acceptable performance determine the
minimum value of processing gain (08 Marks)
What is a PN sequence? Explain the generation of maximum length (ML - Sequence). What
C.
are the properties of ML sejuences? (04 Marks)

OR
10 a. With a neat block diagram, explain frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum Technique. Explain
the terms Chip rátoaJamming Margin and Processing gain. (10 Marks)
With a neat block diagram, explain the CDMA System based on IS - 95. (10 Marks)
b.

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