Contingency (Cost)
Base cost estimates are reinforced with a contingency reserve to account for the financial effects of
project risks or uncertainties. For each project, a contingency is created based on the acceptable
amount of risk, the level of uncertainty, and the desired level of confidence in completing the project
within budget. A sufficient contingency fund must be allocated if the project is to remain within its
budget.
In our project, contingencies are presented as percentages. The riskiest stages of a project are
usually its early phases, at which time more contingencies are used. But, as the program progresses,
there will be fewer unknowns and a more defined project path, therefore percentages on
contingencies are gradually lowered. In this methodology, the percentage of contingency for the
project is decided by an expert, or a group of specialists, who have a solid foundation of experience
and expertise in risk management and analysis.
The following phase are generally involved in reducing a contingency during this project:
Whole cost estimates during the planning/early stage should contain an additional premium,
such a 10% contingency.
The cost plan may incorporate a contingency of 5% to 10% of the contract value.
A portion of the money owed to the contractor is frequently kept by the project owner. It is
referred to as retention (typically 5%). The retention is used as insurance to ensure that the
contractor completes the project in accordance with the contract's terms and conditions.