CM SQA Past Papers Navigation
CM SQA Past Papers Navigation
NAVIGATION
PAST PAPERS
July ‘20 – December ‘21
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
032-73 - NAVIGATION
Worksheet Q2
Worksheet Q5 Radar Plotting sheet
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
NAVIGATION
1. The Charterer requires the fastest route between Oporto (41º12'N 8º44'W) and
Charleston (32º48'N 79º50'W).
To assist in the voyage appraisal and to determine the required ocean route to
meet the Charterer’s requirements, the Master requires the direct Great Circle
and Rhumb Line tracks to be sketched on to the Ocean Routeing Chart.
(iii) the position of the vertex of the direct Great Circle. (10)
(b) From the Ocean Routeing Chart it is estimated that the Gulf Stream will have
an average adverse effect of 1.2 knots for the Great Circle route, whereas
the Rhumb Line route will only experience an average 0.5 knot adverse effect.
Determine the predicted fastest route. (18)
2. Using Worksheet Q2, between the Parallels of Latitude of 60ºN and 20ºS, indicate
EACH of the following for the month of January:
The Company ISM stipulates that a squat allowance of 10% of the draught must be
applied for canal passages and a minimum UKC of 1.0 m must be maintained.
On departure, the ship must transit the canal locks at Boudewijnsluis
(ATT Vol 1, Index No. 1539a) charted depth of 3.8 m.
(a) Determine the last predicted HW time at Boudewijnluis that will allow the
ship to fully load the intended cargo. (14)
(b) The last opportunity to transit the canal at Boudewijnluis, to comply with the
required ETA at Oporto, is the morning HW 9th January.
(c) Explain how each of the forecast meteorological elements; low pressure and
strong winds, can influence the actual tide level in comparison to the
predicted tide level. (12)
(d) Explain why the use of the Antwerp Tidal Curve may be inaccurate for the
calculation of Boudewijnluis tides. (4)
4. The passage from Antwerp to Oporto requires the transit of the Dover Straits.
(a) (i) Outline the purpose and functions of the Channel Navigation
Information Service (CNIS). (8)
(ii) State THREE topics about which the CNIS will transmit warnings. (6)
(b) CALDOVREP is a mandatory reporting scheme for ships over 300 grt transiting
the Dover Straits.
(c) The meteorological forecast during the transit of the Dover Straits is N’ly
winds, force 8. Heavy rain. Poor visibility. Traffic density is anticipated to
be high.
Outline the bridge manning level, stating the duties of each member, for the
Dover Straits transit. (12)
5. At 0912 hrs, Ship Time, 22nd January, using the GPS position of
35º35'.5N 52º55'.3W as the observation DR position, the Third Officer obtains a
morning sight of the SUN.
The Third Officer’s calculation gives an Intercept 12.5' Towards, Azimuth S50º W.
At 1144 hrs, Ship Time, a Meridian Passage observation of the SUN, lower limb,
gave a sextant altitude 34º47.9'
(a) Determine the observed latitude of the ship at 1200 hrs Ship Time. (12)
(b) Using Worksheet Q5 Radar Plotting Sheet or other suitable means, determine
the observed position of the ship at 1200 hrs Ship Time. (20)
(c) The Third Officer informs the Master that the 1200 hrs observed position is
approximately 16 miles westwards of the 1200 hrs GPS position.
(i) Identify, stating reasons, the probable cause of the discrepancy between
the 1200 hrs Observed and GPS positions. (6)
(ii) In light of the probable cause identified in Q5(c)(i), state any FIVE
relevant points of discussion that the Master may consider necessary with
the Third Officer. (10)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY – DECK OFFICER
032-73 - NAVIGATION
Worksheet Q2
Datasheet Q3
Worksheet Q5
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate
steps must be made clear in the answer.
NAVIGATION
All questions refer to a 5,000 teu Container Ship. The ship is charted to sail from Brisbane,
Queensland, Australia, to Seattle, Washington, USA, via Honiara, Solomon Islands.
Ship Service Speed 18.5 knots.
Brisbane to Honiara:
Honiara to Seattle:
100 miles coastal passage to waypoint 08º06ʹS 160º24ʹE;
(b) The Chart Party requires the ship to tender a ‘Notice of Readiness’ at Seattle
no later than 2400 hrs, Standard Time, 23rd January.
It is estimated that 36 hours will be required for the all operations in Honiara.
(i) Determine the latest time, Standard Time, for departure Brisbane to
tender the required Notice of Readiness on arrival Seattle. (10)
(ii) Outline whether a Great Circle, instead of the proposed Rhumb Line,
from Brisbane to Honiara would offer an appreciable saving of distance. (4)
(c) To assist in the passage across the Pacific Ocean, the ship is to be weather
routed.
Describe, with the aid of a diagram, the process for determining a ‘Least
Time Track’. (18)
2. At 0000 hrs (UT), 8th January, whilst on passage to Honiara, the ship is advised of
a Tropical Revolving Storm (TRS) in position 12º00ʹS 177º00ʹW.
(a) Using Worksheet Q2, plot the positions of own ship and TRS at 0000 hrs (UT)
8th January. (2)
(b) Using Worksheet Q2, plot the D.R. position of own ship at 0000 hrs (UT)
10th January and the possible area of influence of the storm for the 48 hours
up to 0000 hrs (UT) 10th January. (5)
(d) The Master and the Navigating Officers meet to discuss the implications of
the approaching TRS and the effect on the passage to Honiara.
State, with reasons, the actions, that a prudent Master would consider
appropriate to ensure the safety of the ship. (15)
(e) Outline the contents, in relation to the TRS, of the Master’s Night Order to
be compiled on the evening of the 8th January. (10)
3. The International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) manual
is a publication required on UK registered ships.
(a) State the means by which IAMSAR Vol III manual is made a statutory
publication for UK registered ships. (4)
(b) Outline the primary purpose of the IAMSAR Vol III manual. (5)
(c) At 1800 hrs (UT) 14th January, a distress message states that a ship is being
abandoned in position 08º00ʹN 175º15ʹE. The ship’s personnel are taking to
liferafts. It is known that the ship is equipped with enclosed liferafts, fitted
with drogues.
The Ocean Routeing Chart shows the predominant current to be the North
Equatorial Current at 1.8 knots.
Four ships are proceeding to the search area. The ETA of the first ship to
arrive at the search area is 0600 hrs (UT) 16th January and the 3 other ships
all arriving by 0900 hrs (UT) 16th January.
With reference to Datasheet Q3, determine the datum point of the initial
search at the time that the first ship will arrive on scene. (16)
(d) State EIGHT factors when determining which of the four ships should take the
role of the On Scene Coordinator. (8)
(e) State, giving reasons, which search pattern(s) would be considered the most
appropriate. (6)
(f) If the initial search is unsuccessful, outline the use of EACH of the following
charts to assist in the search operation:
4. (a) Outline the considerations when planning a safe landfall at the end of an
ocean passage. (10)
(b) Parallel Indexing is to be used for the passage through the Admiralty Inlet.
(ii) State the precautions and checks, as outlined in current MCA guidance,
regarding Navigation - Use of Electronic Navigation Aids, when using
Parallel Indexing techniques. (10)
5 A ship is to make a transit of Admiralty Inlet during daylight hours on the
23rd January.
(ii) the latest time such a transit would have to be completed. (5)
(b) On Worksheet Q5, construct a Tidal Stream Curve for Admiralty Inlet for the
23rd January. (16)
(c) Due to engine problems the Master decides that the ship can only safely make
the transit when the strength of the tidal stream is 1.5 knots or less.
Identify, having due regard to Q5(a) and Q5(b), the relevant periods when
the ship can safely make the transit. (10)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
032-73 - NAVIGATION
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
NAVIGATION
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps must
be made clear in the answer.
All questions refer to a VLCC on a one year time charter, trading between the Persian Gulf
and Japan.
Service speed 15.5 knots, fuel consumption 120 tpd.
Maximum manoeuvring speed 12.0 knots, fuel consumption 95 tpd.
Loaded Draft 18.6 m.
Ballast Draft 12.8 m.
1. An initial assessment of the passage between The Gulf and Japan shows a total
distance of 7,177 miles. The total distance includes a 210 miles section of the
Malacca Straits and Singapore Straits, which will be undertaken at the ship’s
maximum manoeuvring speed.
(b) It is intended to use the ‘Nine Degree Channel’ to pass between the Laccadive
Islands and The Maldives.
Consideration is being given to the options of using a Great Circle or a Rhumb
Line ocean passage, between the Gulf of Oman and the Nine Degree Channel.
(ii) the initial course of the east bound Great Circle; (5)
(iii) the initial course of the west bound Great Circle; (5)
(c) State, giving reasons, whether a Great Circle or a Rhumb line passage would
be the most appropriate. (5)
2. The Arabian Sea and the North Indian Ocean experience significant changes of
wind patterns and predominant currents during the year.
(a) Using Worksheets Q2(1) January and Q2(2) July, indicate and name EACH of
the following:
(b) Explain, in detail, how the annual change of the SUN’s declination affects the
predominant current direction in the Indian Ocean, North of the Equator. (13)
3. The Singapore Straits are one of the busiest shipping areas of the world. There
are limited navigational waters, large vessels transit the area and there is a high
density of crossing traffic.
IMO has implemented a Routeing Scheme in the area to assist in the safety of
navigation.
(b) Explain the practical implications, as specified in IRPCS, Rule 10, when
passage planning for EACH of the following situations:
(i) a passage through the full length of a traffic lane in a Traffic Separation
Scheme; (10)
(c) In preparation for the 4 hour passage of the Singapore Straits, the Master
conducts a Bridge Team meeting 12 hours prior to the transit. State the
contents of the discussion. (10)
(d) State the Bridge duties and responsibilities of the Master immediately prior
to the commencement of the transit and whilst conning the ship through the
Singapore Straits. (8)
4. During an east bound, loaded passage, of the Malacca Straits the Master intends
to transit the area of the ‘Pyramid Shoals’ (2º33'N 101º40'E) on the afternoon High
Water 26th March and to commence the passage of the Singapore Straits,
waypoint 1º10'N 103º30'E, at the commencement of daylight 27th March.
The Admiralty Tide Tables for Port Dickson, Malaysia, 26th March, state:
(i) the predicted time at which HW will occur (Ship’s Clocks / Ship Time); (10)
(b) The distance from the indicated position at Pyramid Shoal to the
commencement waypoint at Singapore Strait is 165 miles.
(ii) the average speed required from the position indicated on Datasheet Q4
to the Singapore Straits. (4)
5. On passage from the Singapore Straits to Japan, Worksheet Q5 shows a Radar Plot.
(a) Make a full appraisal of the THREE Target Vessels at 2122 hrs. (18)
(b) At 2130 hrs the Third Officer informs the Master that a traffic situation is
developing that requires the Master to immediately attend the Bridge.
(i) The Master’s Standing Orders should specify the actions that the Master
requires the OOW to undertake in such a developing traffic situation. In
addition to calling the Master, state the other actions that the Third
Officer should complete in preparation for the Master’s arrival on the
Bridge. (5)
(ii) On arrival on the Bridge, state the information that the Master requires
from the Third Officer to assess the situation. (5)
(c) With regards to the situation at 2130 hrs, discuss EACH of the following
courses of action available to the Master:
(d) With regard to Q5(c)(iii), state any justification under IRPCS for this option. (4)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
032-73 - NAVIGATION
Datasheet Q2(1)
Datasheet Q2(2)
Datasheet Q2(3)
Worksheet Q3 Radar Plotting sheet
Worksheet Q4
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
NAVIGATION
All questions refer to 12,000 TEU container ship, on passage from Antwerp, Belgium, to
Boston, USA, and Miami, USA.
Service speed 18.0 knots.
(a) (i) State the means by which a Voyage Plan is a statutory requirement for
the intended voyage. (4)
(ii) State the Master’s statutory obligation regarding a Voyage Plan. (5)
(b) Outline how an Ocean Routeing Chart can be used to assist in the appraisal
of the intended passage. (12)
(c) State the purpose of EACH of the following stages of a Voyage Plan, outlining
the information that should be determined for EACH stage:
(a) Compare and contrast information shown in Tidal Stream Atlases with that
available on a navigational chart by use of tidal diamond data. (10)
(b) At 0600 hrs UT the ship will commence the 3 hour, SW bound passage, of the
Dover Straits at position 51º22ʹN 1º52ʹE.
The Voyage Plan specifies that the Dover Straits passage will be at
‘Full Ahead’ manoeuvring speed 15.0 knots.
Summarise the predicted effect of the tidal stream, outlining the likely effect
of the set and rate of the tidal stream on the ship, for EACH of the following
periods:
(c) At 0730 hrs UT the ship is in position 51º 05ʹ.0N 001º 30ʹ.1E. Determine the
set and rate of the predicted tidal stream at this position. (3)
3. (a) Whilst on passage across the N Atlantic Ocean the OOW obtains the following
stellar observations:
The skies were clear, the ship was rolling and the horizon not distinct due to
a pronounced swell and misty conditions.
The OOW used the 0600 hrs DR position 42º30'N 38º45'W for the calculations
and selected 0600 hrs for the time of the ship’s observed position.
(b) At 0700 hrs the Master attends the Bridge as routine. On inspecting the star
plot the Master questions the OOW.
(ii) the suitability of selecting 0600 hrs as the time of the obtained position; (6)
The Master has been monitoring the development of a Tropical Revolving Storm,
developing to the NE of the West Indies, and receives an update from the National
Hurricane Centre. The storm has now developed into a category 2 storm and at
1200/22nd UT is in position 20º10'N 56º30'W.
The storm is predicted to maintain its current track of 285°T at 16.0 knots.
(a) Calculate the bearing and distance of the storm at 1200 hrs UT,
22nd September. (6)
(b) Sketch a plan view of the storm, naming all features. (10)
(i) the ship’s position at 1200/22nd UT and its DR positions at 1200/23 UT &
1200/24th UT; (6)
(iii) the possible area of influence of the storm during the 48 hours up to
1200/24th UT. (6)
(d) The Master chairs a meeting with the ship’s Management Level members to
discuss the options in relation to the TRS. Outline the factors for EACH of the
following options:
At 1200/23rd the National Hurricane Centre advises that the storm is now in
position 21º10'N 63º30'W. The storm has increased to a category 3 storm and
presently heading 280ºT at 16.0 knots.
(i) State the advisability of continuing with the planned passage. (2)
(ii) State the general topics of information that should be contained in the
recommended Wheelhouse Poster. (10)
(b) Current Maritime and Coastguard Agency guidance warns of the Dangers of
Interaction.
State the key points of the Maritime Guidance Note on this subject. (6)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –DECK OFFICER
032-73 - NAVIGATION
Worksheet Q1
Worksheet Q5 Radar Plotting Sheet
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
NAVIGATION
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer
All questions refer to a 5,000 gt cargo ship, chartered to transport an offshore drill derrick
from Shirehampton, UK, to Rotterdam, Netherlands
Due to weather forecasts, indicating wind strengths above the permitted loading
operation parameters, the Master is concerned that significant delays may result
in the ship becoming neaped.
Identify the last predicted Low Water at Shirehampton that will allow the ship
to manoeuvre off the berth prior to the ship becoming neaped. (20)
(b) Loading operations are actually completed at 1500 hours on the 20th March
and the ship is preparing for port departure.
A 45 minute period of time has been allocated for the unmooring operation
and the manoeuvre to clear the berths.
Determine the latest time that the ship can commence the unmooring
operation so as to clear the berth, complying with the Port regulations. (15)
[OVER
2. The 4 hours outbound pilotage passage, from Shirehampton to the Pilot
disembarkation position, will be with surveillance and assistance from the
Avonmouth Vessel Traffic Service.
(ii) the information that a Vessel Traffic Service should provide to assist in
the safe navigation and the protection of the marine environment. (4)
(b) Outline the Master’s responsibilities with respect to the outbound pilotage
passage:
(c) In the event of the Master’s absence from the bridge during the pilotage
passage, outline the procedure the OOW should follow if in doubt of the
Pilot’s intentions. (5)
3. The planned passage is:
Coastal from Dover Straits TSS waypoint to Rotterdam Pilot Station, distance
182 miles.
(a) Determine the total distance from the Avonmouth Pilot Station to the
Rotterdam Pilot Station. (25)
(b) The Avonmouth Pilot is disembarked at 1810 hours 22nd March, Standard Time.
The coastal passage from the Dover Straits TSS waypoint to the Rotterdam
Pilot Station will be at manoeuvring speed, full ahead, 10.5 knots.
Determine the speed required from the Avonmouth Pilot Station to the Dover
Straits TSS waypoint in order to meet the ETA requirement at Rotterdam Pilot
Station. (15)
[OVER
4. During the month of March, the south coast of England is an area susceptible to
reduced visibility due to Radiation Fog.
(a) Explain the process by which Radiation Fog may occur over the coastal waters
of South England. (10)
(i) the reason why Parallel Indexing should not be the ‘Primary’ means of
monitoring the vessel’s position; (2)
(iii) the precautions contained within the current MCA guidance, with respect
to the radar, when using Parallel Indexing. (8)
Explain the radar screen presentation and the movements of PI lines when
Parallel Indexing on EACH of the following ground stabilised modes:
(d) Current MCA guidance advises that the adjustment of a radar heading marker
should not be carried out “when alongside a berth using the berth’s
alignment.”
Outline THREE reasons why using the berth alignment is bad practice. (6)
5. Whilst proceeding in the middle of the appropriate traffic lane through the Dover
Straits Traffic Separation Scheme, during restricted visibility, course 022ºT, the
speed has been reduced to 6.0 knots.
Worksheet Q5 shows the radar plot between 0730 hours and 0742 hours using a
radar range of 6.0 miles.
Targets A and C have been identified as cross channel ferries, using the French
port of Boulogne.
Target B has been identified as ZC1 buoy, marking the eastern edge of the NNE
traffic lane.
(a) Determine the course, speed and CPA distance of Targets A, C and D. (15)
(b) Outline the apparent movement of Targets A, C and D with respect to the
Traffic Separation Scheme. (6)
(c) State the set and rate of the tidal stream experienced. (4)
(d) The bridge team are discussing the appropriate action required to resolve the
developing situation.
With respect to IRPCS, safe navigation within a Traffic Separation Scheme and
any other factors, outline EACH of the following:
(e) At 0806 hours, after having taken manoeuvring action, Targets A, C and D
have passed clear and the risk of collision with these THREE targets no longer
exists. ZC1 buoy is now bearing 018ºT, range 2.2 miles.
(i) the required course to pass ZC1 buoy at CPA 0.5 mile; (10)
(ii) the time at which ZC1 buoy will be at the CPA position. (4)
Note: Assume tidal stream constant and ship speed 6.0 knots throughout.
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032-73 NAVIGATION WORKSHEET Q5 07 JULY 2021
032-73 - NAVIGATION
Worksheet Q2
Datasheet Q4(1) Luminous Range Diagram.
Datasheet Q4(2) Geographical Range Table.
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
NAVIGATION
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer
All questions relate to a 12,500 gt bulk carrier, service speed 15.0 knots.
The ship is to make a voyage from Cape Town, South Africa to Tubarao, Brazil, and
Georgetown, Guyana, during January.
(a) To appraise and plan the ocean passage, calculate EACH of the following:
(b) The ship commences the Great Circle ocean passage at 2015 hours, on the
15th January, South Africa Standard Time.
Due to the proximity of the containers to the planned Great Circle track the
Master requires further information.
Assuming the Departure Cape Town position is the vertex of the Great Circle,
determine EACH of the following:
(i) the distance that the Great Circle track will pass to the south of the last
known position of the containers; (12)
(ii) the ETA, Zone Time, that the ship will be to the south of the last known
position of the containers. (10)
[OVER
2. (a) Using Worksheet Q2, sketch and name the following meteorological and
oceanographic features for January:
(b) State TWO factors as to the reason why Tropical Revolving Storms are very
infrequent in the South Atlantic Ocean. (4)
(c) On Worksheet Q2, sketch the Rhumb Line track and the approximate Great
Circle track from Cape Town to Tubarao. (4)
(d) With reference to Worksheet Q2, outline the factors to be considered when
assessing whether the Rhumb Line track or the Great Circle track will offer
the required ‘Least Time’ passage. (10)
3. At sunrise on the 23rd January, DR 28º47ʹS 30º18ʹW, an observation of the SUN gave
a bearing of 110ºC. Variation 3½º E.
(b) At 1140 hours, Ship Time, the Third Officer informs the master that a compass
error, by azimuth of the SUN, has shown an unexpected deviation of 2ºE.
(i) State, giving reasons, which observation would be the most reliable. (7)
(ii) State any discussion and advice that the Master may consider appropriate
with the Third Officer regarding his observation of the SUN. (10)
4. The appraisal of a safe landfall is an important aspect of ocean passage planning.
(a) State, giving reasons, SIX factors to consider when planning a safe landfall. (18)
(b) The ship is expected to make visual landfall by sighting the Tubarao Point
light during the first hour of the 0400 hours – 0800 hours watch, 25th January.
During the evening of 24th January, the Master compiles Night Orders
regarding the expected landfall.
(ii) State, with reasons, the other instructions and guidance that should be
included in the Master’s Night Orders on the evening of the 24th January,
to assist the OOW in making a safe landfall. (24)
[OVER
5. The Master, the senior member of ‘Management Level’, is required to “ensure that
all functions within the designated area of responsibility are properly performed.”
(STCW 1978, as amended.)
(i) THREE requirements that the OOW must ensure prior to commencing
handing over the watch, whilst on passage, to the relieving OOW; (9)
(ii) TWO situations when the OOW should not hand over the watch, whilst
on passage, to the relieving OOW; (4)
(iii) FIVE requirements to ensure that the OOW is maintaining a high level
of general awareness of the ship and its routine operations whilst on
passage. (15)
(b) The Master requires the OOW to study publications regarding ‘handing over
the watch’ and the ‘monitoring of shipboard operations’.
032-73 - NAVIGATION
Datasheet Q1
Worksheet Q2(1) Gnomonic Chart
Worksheet Q2(2) Mercator Chart
Worksheet Q3 Radar Plotting Sheet
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
032-73 NAVIGATION DATASHEET Q1 01 DECEMBER 2021
NAVIGATION
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps must
be made clear in the answer
All questions refer to a 30,000 gt general cargo ship undertaking a voyage from Auckland,
New Zealand, to Puerto Montt, Chile. The ship will be loaded to the Summer displacement
and will be at service speed 16.5 knots
Parallel Sailing until the ship can enter the Southern Winter Seasonal Zone as soon
as the Summer period applies;
(a) Assuming that UT applies to all Seasonal Loadline dates, with reference to
Datasheet Q1, state the earliest time and date, UT, that the vessel can enter
the Southern Winter Seasonal Zone. (5)
(b) The ship is to disembark the Auckland Pilot at 0800 hours, Standard Time,
10th October. With reference to Datasheet Q1, calculate EACH of the
following:
(i) the distance to steam prior to commencing the Great Circle; (10)
(ii) the position that the Great Circle can be commence; (20)
[OVER
2. (a) With the aid of Worksheet Q2(1), plot, on Worksheet Q2(2), the intended
ocean passage, as determined in Q1, from waypoint 36º10ʹS 175º30ʹE to
waypoint 41º30ʹS 74º30ʹW. (20)
(i) the Peru (Humboldt) Current and the East Australian Current; (4)
(iii) the prevailing air flow from the STAC that will affect the intended sea
passage. (4)
(c) Outline the anticipated meteorological conditions of the ocean passage and
how the prevailing wind and currents may affect the ETA at Puerto Montt
Pilot Station. (15)
3. The fourth stage of the Voyage Plan, ‘Monitoring’, identifies that the primary
means of position fixing will be by the ship’s Global Navigation Satellite System,
with Celestial Navigation as the secondary means.
(a) With regard to position monitoring, outline the accuracy, availability and
possible errors of EACH of the following:
(b) During the ocean passage, ship steering 090ºT, at service speed, the OOW
obtains the following stellar observations:
The 1900 hours satellite position of 32º58.0ʹS 158º33.0ʹW was used for the
observation calculations.
Using Worksheet Q3, or other suitable means, plot the FOUR positions lines
to represent 1900 hours Ship Time. (16)
(c) Due to the inconsistencies within the FOUR stellar observations and with the
satellite position, the OOW calls the Master to the bridge. The OOW informs
the Master that heavy cloud cover limited the availability of stars for
observation.
(i) State, giving reasons, the factors that the Master should consider when
determining the ship’s 1900 hours position. (8)
(ii) Based on the factors in Q3(c)(i), state, giving reasons, the ship’s
1900 hours position. (4)
[OVER
4. During the voyage the World Wide Navigation Warning Service (WWNWS) will be
an important source of Maritime Safety Information.
(a) Define Maritime Safety Information, as outlined in the SOLAS convention. (4)
(b) State the obligations of the Master with regards to WWNWS. (6)
(b) To appraise whether the officer is now competent, the Master sets a test.
If the Local Time in Great Britain is 06:47:23, on the 3rd April, determine the
following times at Eastport Pilot Station (44º54ʹN 66º59ʹW), Maine, USA: