P.A.
Hilton Ltd
Refrigeration Laboratory Unit
R715
Figure 1: R715
Complete analysis of the Vapour-Compression
Refrigeration/Heat Pump Cycle.
Adjustable evaporator load and condensing temperature.
Clear display of all parameters including Electrical Input,
Refrigerant Flow, Water Flow, Motor Torque and Rotational
Speed, Pressures & Temperatures.
Allows a complete refrigerant pressure-enthalpy cycle diagram to
be drawn at all operating conditions.
Optional Computerised Data Acquisition Upgrade.
Two year warranty.
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P.A.Hilton Ltd
Introduction
The vapour compression refrigeration cycle is used in many industrial, medical and domestic situations
throughout the world. Air conditioning, food and medical preservation and transport all rely on the use
of refrigeration plant. It is essential therefore that student engineers intending to design or utilise such
plant are fully aware of the parameters affecting the performance of the vapour compression
refrigeration cycle.
The Hilton Refrigeration Laboratory Unit R715 has been designed to allow students to fully investigate
the performance of a vapour compression cycle under various conditions of evaporator load and
condenser pressure. All of the relevant parameters are instrumented and the unit is completely safe for
operation by students.
The unit forms an essential part of laboratory training for students studying:
Refrigeration
Air Conditioning
Building Services
Mechanical Engineering
Marine Engineering
Plant and Process Engineering
Food Processing
Chemical Engineering.
Experimental Capabilities
Production of a vapour compression cycle diagram under various conditions.
Production of an energy balance for the refrigerator.
Investigation of the variation in refrigerator “duty” or cooling ability for various condensing
temperatures.
Investigation of the variation in refrigeration Coefficient of Performance for the various
condensing temperatures.
Investigation of the variation in Coefficient of Performance based on electrical, shaft and
indicated power.
Determination of the overall heat transfer coefficient for the condenser cooling coil.
Investigation of the performance of the thermostatic expansion valve.
Investigation of the heat delivered to the cooling water with variation in condensing
temperature.
Investigation of the Coefficient of Performance as a Heat Pump for various condensing
temperatures.
Investigation of power input based on electrical, shaft and indicated power.
Description
An attractive glass reinforced plastic panel houses a belt driven twin cylinder reciprocating compressor.
This is driven by a trunnion-mounted electric motor connected to a spring balance. By measuring the
motor torque and speed, the shaft power required to drive the compressor can be determined.
Refrigerant R134a vapour is drawn into the compressor from the evaporator mounted on the front of
the panel. Work is done on the gas and its pressure and temperature are raised. This hot, high pressure
gas discharges from the compressor and flows into the panel mounted water cooled condenser. A
measured and controllable flow of cooling water passes through a coil sealed inside the condenser
cylinder. The hot gas desuperheats and then condenses to a liquid on the surface of the cooling coil.
The condensed liquid collects at the base of the cylinder where it is sub cooled and may be observed
through a sight glass. This liquid then flows through a refrigerant filter/dryer and a variable area
flowmeter to the thermostatic expansion valve. Here it passes through a controlled orifice, which allows
its pressure to fall from that of the condenser to that of the evaporator.
The liquid immediately starts to boil and takes in heat to accomplish this at low temperature. In order to
allow control and measurement of the heat input at the evaporator, two electric heater elements are
used. These are located inside the copper tube carrying the low temperatures liquid/vapour mixture
from the expansion valve. The voltage across the heater elements may be varied from zero to that of the
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NOTE: The policy of P.A.Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice.
P.A.Hilton Ltd
mains supply voltage by adjustment of a voltage controller situated on the front panel. Measurement of
the power is carried out by a panel mounted digital wattmeter. A change over switch allows the
electrical power input to the motor to be measured.
The sensing bulb of the thermostatic expansion valve is mounted on the exit pipe from the evaporator
and this detects the degree of superheat of the gas leaving the evaporator and entering the compressor.
If the superheat is low the valve will close and reduce the flow and if too high the reverse will occur.
By this means stability is maintained under all conditions of operation.
A panel mounted digital temperature indicator allows measurement of all the relevant system
temperatures and a digital tachometer indicates the rotational speed of the compressor. Individual
pressure gauges indicates the pressure in the condenser and evaporator.
Optional Data Acquisition Upgrade
An optional computerised data acquisition upgrade RC716A is available to enable all relevant system
parameters to be automatically recorded on a PC for further analysis and display. Data may also be
transferred to spreadsheet format for complex analysis and calculation. This upgrade can be factory
fitted prior to delivery or supplied later as a user installed upgrade.
Operation
The Refrigeration Laboratory Unit has three controls. Firstly a combined miniature circuit breaker and
switch turns on both the compressor motor and the supply to the electrically heated evaporator. A
combined variable area water flowmeter and valve allow control of the condenser pressure. A panel
mounted voltage controller allows control of the evaporator load from zero to full power of
approximately 1500 Watts. Combined operation of the voltage controller and condenser cooling water
flow allows control of the unit over a large range of conditions.
Experimental Results
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NOTE: The policy of P.A.Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice.
P.A. Hilton Ltd
Specification Accessories and
General
A fully instrumented refrigerant R134a vapour Spares
compression refrigerator with belt driven compressor, Unit supplied with:
electrically heated evaporator, thermostatic expansion One experimental operating and maintenance manual in
valve and water cooled condenser. Operating English, Spanish or French.
parameters can be varied by adjustment of condenser Accessories and spares for 2 years normal operation.
cooling water flow and electrically heated evaporator List available on request.
supply voltage.
Components have a low thermal mass resulting in
immediate response to control variations and rapid
Services Required
Electrical: A: 2.5Kw 220-240 Volts, Single Phase 50Hz
stabilisation.
(With earth/ground).
Instrumentation includes all relevant temperatures, B: 2.5kW 110-120 Volts, Single Phase, 60Hz
condenser pressure, evaporator pressure, refrigerant (With earth/ground).
and cooling water flow rates, evaporator and motor
power, motor torque and compressor speed. C 2.5kW 220 Volts, Two Phases, 50/60Hz
(With earth/ground).
Detailed
Panel: High quality glass reinforced plastic on which Water: 3 litres/min at 24m head
the following components are mounted.
Refrigerant: R134a
Digital Thermometer: 6 way type K indicator with
Ordering Information
Order as: R715 Refrigeration Laboratory Unit.
0.1ºC resolution. Optional : RC716A Data Acquisition Upgrade.
Wattmeter: Allows measurement of the power input
to either evaporator or motor.
Voltage Controller: To vary evaporator load. Electrical Specification
Variable Area Flowmeters: (2) Variable area types Either: A: 2.5Kw 220-240 Volts, Single Phase 50Hz
to indicator R134a and H20 flow rates. (With earth/ground
Pressure Gauges: (2) to indicate R134a pressure in
B: 2.5kW 110-120 Volts, Single Phase, 60Hz
evaporator and condenser.
(With earth/ground).
Spring Balance and Tachometer: Together allow
measurement of power required to drive the C: 2.5kW 220 Volts, Two Phases, 50/60Hz
compressor. (With earth/ground).
Expansion Valve: Thermostatically controlled type.
Evaporator: Electrically heated device.
Compressor: (Internally mounted) Twin cylinder belt
driven unit.
Language
Either: English, Spanish or French.
Safety: Condenser pressure and evaporator heater
temperature limited by automatic cutouts. All
electrical components connected to common earth. Shipping Specifications
Unit protected by miniature circuit breaker and Net Weight: 93kg. (approx.)
residual current circuit breaker. Approximate Gross Weight: 151kg. (approx.)
Packing Case Dimensions: 122 x 65 x 122 cm
Dimensions (approx.)
Height: 92cm Depth: 48.5cm Packing Case Volume: 1.00 m3 (approx.)
Width: 106cm Weight: 93kg
Optional Data Acquisition Upgrade Also Available On Request
An optional Data Acquisition Upgrade RC716A Further detailed specification.
comprising of an electronic data logger, menu driven Additional copies of instruction manual.
software and all necessary transducers, allows all Recommended list of spares for 5 years operation.
relevant parameters to be simultaneously displayed
and recorded on a suitable PC. The software allows
review and printing of data and transfer to
spreadsheets for complex analysis and calculation.
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NOTE: The policy of P.A.Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice.
P.A. Hilton Ltd
Optional Extra RC716A The Hilton Data Logging software supplied as standard
with the RC716A package allows the D103 to be
Data Acquisition Upgrade disconnected from the R715 and used together with
most standard transducers as a stand-alone computer
Hardware details data logger for the instrumentation and monitoring of
The Optional Computerised Data Acquisition Upgrade existing laboratory equipment using locally sourced
RC716A consists of a 21 channel Hilton Data logger industrial transducers. The software is also backwards
(D103), together with pre-configured, ready to use, compatible with our many second generation D102
Windows TM compatible educational software. data loggers that are already in use worldwide.
Factory fitted coupling points on the R715 allow Full data logger command protocol and
installation of the upgrade to the unit at any time in the communications details are provided in an extensive
machine’s extensive life. user manual that allows other software applications to
communicate with the logger via the USB interface.
The Hilton Data logger (D103) connects, using the Users can write their own software, typically in
cable supplied, to a standard USB port on the user- LabView, Matlab, C, C++, Visual Basic etc. This
supplied PC. If more than one logger is required further expands the student project capabilities of the
connection is via a second USB port or standard USB R715A package from teaching and demonstration into
hub. the field of research and postgraduate study.
The combined educational software and hardware New for 2013: p-h software also available. Contact a
package allows immediate computer monitoring and sales representative for more details
display of all relevant parameters on the R715.
Software Details Computer Hardware Requirements
The pre-configured menu driven Software supplied The menu driven Software supplied with the Computer
with the Computer Upgrade RC716A allows all Upgrade RC716A will operate on a PC which has at
recommended experiments involving the electronic least 0.5Gb Mb ram, VGA graphics, 1Gb hard drive,
transducers and instruments on the R715 to be carried CD drive and an available USB port. The software is
out with the aid of computerised data acquisition, data Windows 2000, XP and 7 compatible.
storage and on-screen data presentation. This enhances
student interest and speeds comprehension of the
principles being demonstrated.
Ordering Information
Students are presented with either raw data for later Order as: Data Acquisition Upgrade RC716A
hand calculation or alternatively data may be
transferred to most spreadsheets for computerised
calculation and graphical presentation.
Data may be stored on disc and displayed at any time P.A.HILTON Ltd.
using the software supplied. Alternatively data may be Horsebridge Mill, King’s Somborne,
transferred to any compatible spreadsheet together Stockbridge, Hampshire, SO20 6PX, England.
with individual time and date stamp on each reading
for complex analysis. Telephone: National (01794) 388382
International +44 1794 388382
Additional Data Logging Facility Supplied As
Standard Fax: National (01794) 388129
The D103 is the third generation of Hilton Data International +44 1794 388129
Logger. It comprises an industrially proven 21 channel
interface with 8 thermocouples (type T and K as E-mail: [email protected]
standard) / differential voltage inputs (±100mv DC), 8 Website: www.p-a-hilton.co.uk
single ended DC voltage inputs (±8v), 4 logic or
frequency inputs and one mains voltage input. In
addition there are on board 12v DC, ±5V DC and
±15v DC power supplies for most commercially
available transducers.
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NOTE: The policy of P.A.Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice.
