DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Schools Division of Nueva Ecija

Rizal, Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija
www.deped-ne.net
11
Animation
Lesson 1
Introduction to and Developing Personal
Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECS)
TLE_PECS9-12- Ia-1

1
Animation Volume 1
First Edition

Lesson 1: Introduction to and Developing Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)

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Published by the Department of Education Region III

Development Team

Writer : Mariel D. Cabrillas

Melita S. Pascua
Olivia B. Ramos
Lorena C. Teofilo
Illustrator :
Layout Artist : Marivic A. Barcellano Cover
Designer :
Editor :
Language Reviewer :

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources Section (DepEd-BLR)

Office Address: Rizal, Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija
www.deped-ne.net

2 2
 11
Animation
Lesson 1

Introduction to and Developing Personal

Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)
TLE_PECS9-12- Ia-1

This instructional material was collaboratively developed by the writers and

graphic designers, edited and reviewed by the Regional Quality Assurance
Team of DepEd Region III.

We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their

feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at www.deped-ne.net.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

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 Introductory Message

For the Learner

This is an introductory and specialization course which leads to an Animation

National Certificate Level II (NC II). It covers Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies
(PECs); Environment and Market; five (5) Common Competencies; and one (1) Core
Competency that a high school student ought to possess to produce clean-up and in-
between drawings.
You learn in school. You also learn with the help of different learning materials which
are provided to you by your teacher.

This module will provide you activities to be able to prepare an activity plan that
aligns with that of a practitioner/entrepreneur’s in animation.

For the Facilitator

This module will help you in facilitating learning in demonstrating an understanding of one’s
PECs for animation.
The facilitator must assess learner’s Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) and
aligned it with that of a practitioner/entrepreneur.
The facilitator must demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and underlying principles
of producing clean-up and in-between drawings so that the learners will independently perform it
as prescribed in the TESDA Training Regulations.
Please supervise the learner during the learning activities. Answers are written at the back
of this module or in a separate sheet. Inculcate to the learners the virtue of honesty while
answering this module.

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 What I Need to Know

This module will provide you with activities that will help you learn PECs needed in
animation.

This module will also teach you to prepare an activity plan that aligns with that of a
practitioner/entrepreneur’s in animation.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

• learn Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECS) needed in animation; and
• prepare an activity plan that aligns with that of a practitioner/entrepreneur’s in animation

What I know

Multiple Choice: Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. Where paper is attached to the device so that the paper will not move as the animator is
doing the artwork.
a. Peg Bar b. Lightbox c. Table d. Peg Holes

2. An animation technique that is purely digital and created primarily with computers.
a. Computer-generated Animation c. Traditional Animation
b. Table d. Paper

3. Use to measure drawing for proportioning.

a. Drawing Paper b. Compass c. Projector d. Ruler

4. The number of frames per one second.

a. 24 Frames b. 16 Frames c. 35 frames d. 9 frames

5. What is the process of creating transitional frames for a character movement?

a. Clean-up b. In-between c. background d. none of the above

6. Which of the following is not an environment factor that affects business?

a. Culture b. demography c. economy d. people

7. What are the three cluster of PECS?

a. achievement. planning, power c. persistence, goal setting, self-confidence
b. achievement. persistence, power d. persistence, planning, risk-taking

8. Based on its definition, what best describes an entrepreneur?

a. Innovator, team leader, facilitator c. organizer, manager, risk taker
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 b. Organizer, innovator, facilitator d. risk-taker, organizer, facilitator

9. A technical comic book, it’s the first time the script gets represented graphically in a
series of panels and drawings.
a. Storyboard b. Compositing c. Head Sphere d. Layout

10. Two bars and one round peg.

a. Construction b. Animation Peg c. Breakdowns d. On Model

11. Slower action going in to the secondary key of a drawing.

a. Slow out b. Slow in c. Doubles d. Singles

12. An animation technique where each frame is drawn by hand.

a. Computer-generated Animation c. Traditional Animation
b. Table d. Paper

13. The essential feature of _________ is to have the light shine through different layers of
paper for tracing the in-betweens.
a. Bulb b. Lightbox c. Sunshine d. Sun Rays

14. What is the summary that defines what one think is needed to launch one’s business?
a. Business plan c. all of the above
b. Action plan d. none of the above

15. It refers to a set of competencies that supports the motive for being successful in the
entrepreneurial undertaking?
a. Achievement b. planning c. power d. all of the above

What’s New

The Philippines has a fairly long history in animation services. Considered to have a first
mover advantage in the Asian region, Filipino animators have worked on popular cartoons and
animated films such as: Adams Family, Captain Planet, Dragon Ball Z, Finding Nemo, The
Incredibles, Scooby Doo, and Tom & Jerry. Entertainment companies such as Hanna Barbera,
Marvel Comics, Walt Disney, and Warner Brothers has outsourced many projects to Philippine-
based animation companies.
The talent and creative instinct of Filipino animators make the Philippines a natural partner
of big international production outfits. Aside from competitive costs of services, companies can
rely on consistent quality and speed in delivering output, and ability to comprehend concepts and
story lines better than most other service-providing countries.
Some of the companies that have outsource to local animation companies.

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 Some of shows done in the Philippines.

Nowadays, more than ever, with the help of technology, animation has never been
more promising to our Filipino animators. The rise and expansion of the BPO industry has
been a significant factor in the demand for animation professionals in our country. But
what does it really take to succeed as an animator whether you decide to work for a
company or start a company of your own? If you were given a chance to be an animator
someday, are you going to work for a company or start on your own? Define your answer
briefly.

What is It

PERSONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES (PECs)

To learn what is PECs is and to be able to explain why we need to have, or at least
examine one’s self to develop PECs, let us first break down and define significant terms so we
can better understand PECs in layman’s term.
But before that, let us first understand entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs
are those with the skills and capabilities to see and evaluate business opportunities. They are
individuals who can strategically identify products or services needed by the community, and have
the capacity to deliver them at the right time and at the right place.
Entrepreneurs are agents of economic change; they organize, manage, and assume risks
of a business. Some of the good qualities of entrepreneurs are: opportunity-seeker, risk-taker,
goal-setter, excellent planner, confident problem-solver, hardworking, persistent and committed.
Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is not just a simple business activity but a strategic process
of innovation and new product creation.
Basically, entrepreneurship is both an art and science of converting business ideas into
marketable products or services to improve the quality of living. Now that you have background
knowledge about entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship, you can now walk through in assessing
your PECs. Always remember that successful entrepreneurs continuously develop and improve
their PECs.
Entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics that should be

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 possessed by an individual in order to perform entrepreneurial functions effectively. In this
module, you will learn some of the most important characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and
traits of a successful entrepreneur or an employee to be successful in a chosen career.

Important Characteristics / Traits / Attributes of A Good Entrepreneur

Hardworking: One of the important characteristics of a good entrepreneur is hardworking. This

means working diligently and being consistent about it. Hardworking people keep improving their
performance to produce good products and/or provide good services.

Confident: Entrepreneurs have self-reliance in one’s ability and judgment. They exhibit self-
confidence to cope with the risks of operating their own business.

Disciplined: Successful entrepreneurs always stick to the plan and fight the temptation to do
what is unimportant.
Committed: Good entrepreneurs assume full responsibility over their business. They give full
commitment and solid dedication to make the business successful.

Ability to accept change: Nothing is permanent but change. Change occurs frequently. When
you own a business, you should cope with and thrive on changes. Capitalize on positive changes
to make your business grow.

Creative: An entrepreneur should be creative and innovative to stay in the business and in order
to have an edge over the other competitors.

Has the initiative: An entrepreneur takes the initiative. You must put yourself in a position where
you are responsible for the failure or success of your business

Profit-oriented: An entrepreneur enters the world of business to generate profit or additional

income. The business shall become your bread and butter. Therefore, you must see to it that the
business can generate income.

Empretec presented these entrepreneurial competencies in three clusters, namely,

achievement, planning, and power.

Table 1: Summary of Entrepreneurial Competencies

Achievement Planning Power
 Opportunity seeking  Goal Setting  Persuasion and networking
 Persistence  Information seeking  Self-confidence
 Commitment to work contract  Systematic Planning and
 Risk-taking Monitoring
 Demand for efficiency and
quality

ACHIEVEMENT CLUSTER

The word achievement refers to becoming successful in attaining a desired end or aim. Under
this cluster are the following:
1. Opportunity Seeking - sees and acts on new business opportunities.
2. Persistence - a persistence individual takes repeated or different actions to overcome
obstacles to his/her goals. Stick to his judgment in the face of opposition or early lack of
success. Makes personal sacrifices.
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 3. Commitment to the Work Contract - should accept full responsibility. Pitch in for others to
finish the job. Express concern towards the customer.
4. Demand for quality and efficiency - do things that meet existing standards of excellence.
Strive to do things better, faster and cheaper.
5. Risk Taking - take moderate risks. State a preference for situations that involve moderate
risks.

Taking Calculated Risks

Taking calculated risks is one of the primary concepts in entrepreneurship, the element
that makes them entrepreneurs. They are willing to take risks. They demonstrate the following
behaviors:

• Deliberately calculate risks and evaluate alternatives;

• Take action to reduce risks and/or control outcomes; and
• Place themselves in situations involving a challenge or moderate risk.

PLANNING CLUSTER

Planning refers to the establishment of objectives, policies and procedures geared

towards the full realization of end goals.

1. Goal setting - should always have clear and specific objective –- a long-term and short
term objective. They are guided by the word SMART (specific, measurable, attainable,
realistic and time-bound).
2. Information Seeking - entrepreneurs do not stop seeking information for their businesses
for improvement of the company. Information-seeking on clients, supplies, and
competitors.
3. Systematic Planning & Monitoring - developing & using logical, step by step plans,
evaluate, monitor progress & switch to alternative strategies.

WAYS THAT ARE USED BY THE ENTREPRENEURS TO EXERCISE SYSTEMATIC

PLANNING & MONITORING

 learn from mistakes

 constantly review performance
 Concentrate on present situations
 go back & review goals
 If still unproductive, accept changes, but find other means to achieve goals
 Tries to change environment if the environment is the cause of the low standard
performance

Systematic Planning and Monitoring

Systematic means “in an orderly, logical way”. Planning is deciding what you are going
to do. Monitoring means checking. It is, in fact, what a business plan is for: to see if something
is feasible prior to trying it.

Entrepreneurs demonstrate the following behaviors:

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 • Plan by breaking large tasks down into sub-tasks with clear time-frames;
• Revise plans in light of feedback on performance or changing circumstances; and
• Keep financial records and use them to make decisions.

POWER CLUSTER

Power is defined as the possession of control, authority or influence over others.

1. Self-confidence - possess a strong believe in their abilities. Express confidence in their

own ability. They believe their business to be successful and profitable.

This competency concerns entrepreneurs’ quiet self-assurance in their capability or

potential to do something. It is an internal confidence that is reflected by the challenges they
choose to undertake in life. Being self-confident means taking total responsibility for making things
happen. They demonstrate the following behaviors:

• Seek autonomy from the rules and/or control of others;

• Attribute the causes of successes and failures to oneself and to one’s own conduct; and
• Express confidence in their ability to complete a difficult task or to face a challenge.

2. Persuasion & Networking - should use deliberate strategies to influence others. Use their
business & personal contact to accomplish their objectives.

Entrepreneurs use a definite strategy for influencing other people to follow them or do
something for them.
A successful persuasion strategy depends upon all parties involved, that is, the
entrepreneur and the people he is trying to persuade. Entrepreneurs demonstrate the following
behaviors:

• Use deliberate strategies to influence and persuade others;

• Use key people as agents to achieve own objectives; and
• Take action to develop and maintain a network of business contacts.

This guide is a practical tool that will help you to assess your strengths and weaknesses
and to further improve your entrepreneurial performance.

Now is your opportunity to review the 10 Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)

that make business people successful entrepreneurs.

What’s more

Task 1: PECs Checklist

To firm up what you have learned and have a better appreciation of the different
entrepreneurial competencies, read the PECs checklist below, then answer the same.

Directions: Using the PECs checklist, assess yourself by putting a check ( ) mark in either
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strengths or development areas column. Interpret the results by counting the total number of
check marks in each of the columns.

Interpretation or Insight:

______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________.

In order to understand more the lesson, perform task 2.

Task 2: Preparation of a Plan of Action

Directions: Use in a separate sheet of paper / in your notebook the information generated
from task 5 (Interview) and prepare an action plan that indicates alignment of your PECs to the
PECs of a successful entrepreneur in your location.

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 Task 3: Essential Questions

Directions: Read and study the following questions below. You may use a separate sheet
of paper or your notebook to write your answers.
1. Why is there a need to compare and align one’s PECs with the PECs of a successful
entrepreneur?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. How does your action plan help sustain your strong PECs and/or address your
development areas?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What plan of action will you utilize to address your development areas?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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 What’s more

ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET

Aspiring entrepreneur need to explore the economic, cultural, and social conditions
prevailing in an area. Needs and wants of the people in a certain area that are not met may be
considered business opportunities. Identifying the needs of the community, its resources,
available raw materials, skills, and appropriate technology can help a new entrepreneur seize
business opportunities.
To be successful in any kind of business venture, potential entrepreneurs should look
closely at the environment and market. They should always be watchful of existing opportunities
and constraints, and to take calculated risks. The opportunities in the business environment are
factors that provide possibilities for a business to expand and make more profit. Constraints, on
the other hand, are factors that limit business growth, hence reduce the chance of generating
profit.

Environmental Factors

The following are the essential factors an entrepreneur should consider when setting up a
business.

1. Natural and physical environment – refers to the actual, physical location of the business,
whether it is a store outlet or an office. Your business should be located in a clearly visible
area, conducive to transact business, ambient surrounding should be appropriate and
easily accessible to your target or potential market.
2. Demography – refers to the size or population of your potential market and the diversity
of their socio-economic grouping such as class, size, status, beliefs, age and gender.
3. Culture – refers to the people’s way of life. It is important to consider this because, as an
entrepreneur, you need to create products or services that match the needs of your target
market based on their way of life.
4. Government regulations – the very first thing you need to consider and do is to legalize
your business. This will allow you to freely transact and dispense your products or
services. You need to comply with all the regulations and policies set by the government
agencies concerned, both local and national.
5. Economy – can be interpreted as the effective management of production, consumption
and trade of limited goods and services. By and large, economy influences how well goods
and services are traded in the market. This could be in terms of local or global market.
The amount of taxes you pay, the quality of life of the people and the cost of living are
some of the things that are influenced by economy.
o Inflation - reduces the purchasing power of each unit of currency, which leads
to increases in the prices of goods and services over time. It's an economics
term that means you have to spend more to fill your gas tank, buy a gallon of
milk, or get a haircut. In other words, it increases your cost of living.
o Gross Domestic Product - gross domestic product (GDP) is the total monetary
or market value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country's
borders in a specific time period. As a broad measure of overall domestic
production, it functions as a comprehensive scorecard of a given country’s

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 economic health.
o Unemployment rate - The unemployment rate is the share of the labor force
that is jobless, expressed as a percentage. It is a lagging indicator, meaning that
it generally rises or falls in the wake of changing economic conditions, rather than
anticipating them. When the economy is in poor shape and jobs are scarce, the
unemployment rate can be expected to rise. When the economy is growing at a
healthy rate and jobs are relatively plentiful, it can be expected to fall.

What’s I have learned

The following is the self- assessment test used in the APEC Conference in Manila (2009).
This was based on the assessment used by Management Systems International (MSI) and McBer,
consulting companies in their study of PECs as sanctioned by UNCTAD through its Empretec
program (1988). (https://unctad.org/en/Docs/diaeed20093_en.pdf)

The following questions will allow respondents to assess their PECs. Rate each statement
based on how it best describes you by using the rating guide below.

5 Always
4 Usually
3 Sometimes
2 Rarely
1 Never

__________1. I look for things that need to be done.

__________2. I complete my work on time.
__________3. I do things that are risky.
__________4. In the past, I have had failures.
__________5. I do very good work.
__________6. My family and personal life are more important to me than work deadlines I set for
myself.
__________7. I am concerned about meeting my weekly goal as I am for my yearly goals.
__________8. I find ways to complete tasks faster at work and at home.
__________9. When I don’t know something, I don’t mind admitting it.
__________ 10. I deal with problems as they arise, rather than spend time trying to anticipate
them.
__________ 11. When I am faced with a difficult problem, I spend a lot of time trying to find a
solution.
__________ 12. It bothers me when things are not done very well.
__________ 13. I prefer situations in which I can control the outcomes as much as possible.
__________ 14. I like to think about the future.
__________ 15. When starting a new task or project, I gather a great deal of information before
going ahead.
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 __________16. I plan a large project by breaking it down into smaller tasks.
__________17. I get others to support my recommendations.
__________18. I feel confident that I will succeed at whatever I try to do.
__________19. No matter with whom I’m talking to, I’m a good listener.
__________20. I do things that needed to be done before being asked by others.

*The highest possible score is 25. It is suggested that a rating higher than 15 indicates an average
to high entrepreneurial competency level.

What I can do

PLANNING – GOAL-SETTING

Motivate yourself to achieve your goals

Why do you want How will you
List your personal goal Outline your goal motivate
to achieve this?
yourself?

20 years from now

10 years from now

5 years from now

‘‘If you think you can and if you think you can’t then you are probably right’’ – Henry Ford

ACHIEVEMENT CLUSTER – DEMAND FOR EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY

Turn your behaviors into habits

Describe 3 products in your What improvements can
What will be the
business you would like to be made and how will you
benefits?
improve do this?
1.

2.

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 3.

Efficiency is doing something better than what is already being done.

POWER CLUSTER - PERSUASION AND NETWORKING

Turn your behaviors into habits

Have you practiced this What was the
Behavior
behavior? outcome?
1. Uses deliberate strategies
to influence and persuade
others
2. Uses key people as
agents to achieve own
objectives

3. Takes action to develop

and maintain a network of
business contacts
Successful entrepreneurs tend to use all the bases of power.

Assessment

Multiple Choice: Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. What does PECs mean?

a. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies c. Private Entrepreneurial Competencies
b. Personal Entrepreneur Competencies d. Private Entrepreneur Competencies

2. Which if the following is one of the economic indicators that drives up inflation?
a. Demand c. unemployment
b. Supply d. poverty

3. Which of the folowing is a set of economic indicators?

a. Inflation, GDP, unemployment rate c. inflation, demand, economy
b. Demand, supply, inflation d. Supply, GDP, economy

4. Which of the following is not an environment factor that affect business?

a. Culture c. demography
b. economy d. people

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5. What are the three cluster of PECS?
a. achievement. planning, power c. persistence, goal setting, self-confidence
b. achievement. persistence, power d. persistence, planning, risk-taking

6. Based on its definition, what best describes an entrepreneur?

a. Innovator, team leader, facilitator c. organizer, manager, risk taker
b. Organizer, innovator, facilitator d. risk-taker, organizer, facilitator

7. What is the summary that defines what one think is needed to launch one’s business?
a. Business plan c. all of the above
b. Action plan d. none of the above

8. It refers to a set of competencies that supports the motive for being successful in the
entrepreneurial undertaking?
a. Achievement b. planning c. power d. all of the above

9. Which of the following refers to a set of competencies that support the motive for being
successful in the entrepreneurial undertaking?
a. Achievement c. power
b. Planning d. all of the above

10. It reduces the purchasing power of each unit of currency, which leads to increases in
the prices of goods and services over time.
a. People c. economy
b. Inflation d. GDP

11. Which of the following environment factors refers to the people’s way of life.
a. Demography c. government regulations
b. Culture d. economy

12. People are guided by the word SMART.

a. Goal-setting c. Self - confidence
b. Beliefs d. Knowledge

13. Refers to the size or population of your potential market and the diversity of their socio-
economic grouping such as class, size, status, beliefs, age and gender.
a. government regulations c. Demography
b. Culture d. economy

14. An entrepreneur enters the world of business to generate profit or additional income.
The business shall become your bread and butter.
a. Hardworking c. Persistent
b. Profit-oriented d. Self-confident

15. An entrepreneur should be creative and innovative to stay in the business and in order
to have an edge over the other competitors.
a. Has initiative c. Creative
b. Hardworking d. Goal-oriented

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 Additional Activities

Self-Evaluation

Evaluate yourself against the entrepreneurial qualities listed below. Check the option you think
that describes your own PECs.

Personal Entrepreneurial Characteristics Weak Good Excellent

Opportunity seeking
Persistence
Commitment to work contract

Risk-taking

Demand for efficiency and quality

Goal Setting

Information seeking

Systematic planning and monitoring

Persuasion and networking

Self-confidence

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 19
Assessment What I know
1. A 1. A
2. D 2. A
3. A 3. D
4. D 4. A
5. A 5. B
6. C 6. D
7. A 7. A
8. A 8. C
9. A 9. A
10. B 10. B
11. B 11. A
12. A 12. C
13. C 13. B
14. B 14. A
15. C 15. A
Answer Key
References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_cartoon_and_animation

file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Downloads/Module_1_Personal_Entrepreneurial_Co
mpet.pdf

Animation Volume I, Innovative Training Works, INc. Rex Book Store

https://www.tesda.gov.ph/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwgJv4BRCrARIsAB17JI4VmZIU8GXDo9
eRcUmNnTrkoLqGHKBcTdUM3lq6AyCY8O1l9f6oxG8aApfAEALw_wcB

http://www.boi.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Animation-December-2017.pdf

https://unctad.org/en/Docs/diaeed20093_en.pdf

https://bohatala.com/macro-environmental-factors-for-going-global-market/

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