ODDL = Doda Dsfinititnonnage, DM!
Drda
Manptla ti th Langtu
3) DeL= Dota Contarlcugvage-
1TABLECREATION AND SIMPLE QUERIES
4) DL D»ta u y Langu
=
DDL OUERIES
SQL> create table staff_info(regno number(10),name varchar2(20)
SQL> desc stud_info;
SQL> drop table staff_ info;
varchar2(20));
SQL> create table stud_info(regno number(10),name varchar2(20),depar
SQL> desc stud_info;
sQL>alter table stud_info add year number(5);
SQL> desc stud_info;
SQL>alter table studinfo modify year number(7);
SQL> desc stud_info;
DMLOUERIES
SQL> insert into stud_info values(1,prem,es,2014);
SQL> insert into stud_info values(2,latha,bca',2015);
SQL> insert into stud_info values(3,lachu','bsc',2016);
sQL> insert into stud_info values(4,achu',ba,2011);
SQL insert into stud_info values(5, rama' es,2014);
SQL> select*from stud_info;
SQL> select name from stud_info,
SQL> select distinct* from stud_info;
SQL> select"from stud_info
order by depar;
SQL> select*from stud_info where(year=2011)
where name like'1%';
SQL> select*from stud_info
where(name='ammu');
SQL> update stud_info set depar=msc'
sQL> select*from stud_info;
from stud_info where(year=2014);
SQL> delete
sQL> seleet from stud_info,
SOL>delete from stud_info;
ILRSCre
FUNCTION
AGGREGATE
2QUERIES
USING
AND SET OPERATIONS
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS varchar(20), anane
varchar(15). pr
nunber(5),bnane
library(hcode
Create tahle
ice nunber(5));
Table created.
SQL desc lihrarys Nul1? Type
Nane
BCODE NUMBER(5
BNAME UARCHAR2(20
UARCHAR2(15)
ANAME NUMBERC5)
PRICE
$QL inser into library values (1,'cl".'balagurusany',308);
SP2-0734: unknoun command beginning "inser into. .."- rest of line ignored.
sQL insert into library values(1,'ct", 'balagurusany",3BED;
row created.
SQL
sQL insert into library values(2,'vb.net','ravichandran'.450);
PoW created.
sQL insert into library values(3,'asp.net','nichae1',400);
rou created.
SQL insert into lihrary values(4,'sql','donhoo'.420);
row created.
$QL insert into library values(5,'c+*","balagurusany'.380);
i rou created.
$QLY select * fron library;
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
1 c# balagurusany 300
2 vb.net ravichandran 450
3 asp.net nichael 408
4 sql donhoo 420
5 ct* balagurusany 380
$QL seleçt sunprice) fron
1ibrary?
SUMCPRICE
1950
SQL select aug(priçp). fron library;
AUGCPRICE
398
sQL> select min(price) fron library;
HINCPRICE)
300
$QL select nax(price) fron library5
HARCPRICE)
450
sQL select count(price) fron library;
cOUNT CPRICE)
5
sQL select bcode.sun price) fron library group by bcode;
BCODE SUMCPRICE)
750
1200
sQL select bcode,sun(price) from library group by cubeChcode);
BCODE SUMCPRICE>
1950
750
1280
sQL select bcode fron library group by cube(bcode);
BCODE
3
SETOPERATIONSS
$QL create table staff(code number(5), name varchar(15),salary nunber(10))
Table created.
sQL
sQL desc staff;
Nane Null? Type
CODE NUMBER 5
NAME UARCHAR2 (15>
SALARY NUHBERC1O)
$QL insert into staff
values(1,'chandru',30000)D;
rou created.
sQL> insert into staff
values(2,'steven',27008);
rou created.
sQL
SQL insert into staff values (3, 'nalik ,32008)
1 rou created.
$QL select*fron staff
CODE NAHE SALARY
1 chandru 30000
2 steven 27888
3 nalik 32000
sQL select nane fron staff union
se lect bnane fron library;
NAME
asp.net
c
Ct
chandru
nalik
sql
steven
vb.net
rous selected.
sQL se lect nane fron staff intersect select bnane fron
library;
no rows selected
QL select code
fron staff intersect select
.
CODE
bcode fron 1ibrary
2
3
SQL select nane fron gtaff ninus select, bnane fron librarys
NAME
chandru
nalik
steven
$QL select code from staff minus select hcode fron librarys
no rovs selected
SQL select bcode fron lihrary ninus select code fron staff;
BCODE
4
5
VARIQUS JOINS
CREATION WITH
TABLE
varchar2(10),contactnane
number(5),cusname
create table customers(cusid
o number(7)%
nar2(10),address varchar2(10).city varchar2(10),postalcode
SQL> desc customers;
SQL> insert into customers values(1,achu', viji',old st,vellore',623546);
SQL insert into customers values(2, meera', durga', new st,'arcot,623546)%
sQL> insert into customers values(3,durga',sree',koil st,'arni',623359)%
SQL> select*from customers;
SQL> create table orders(orderid number(5),cusid number(5).employecid
number(7),orderdate date,shipperid number(10));
SQL> desc orders;
SQL insert into orders values(2,1,1230,23-mar-95,20);
SQL insert into orders values(7,12,1231,14-feb-14,21);
SQL> insert into orders values(7,12,123 1,14-feb-14,21);
SQL insert into orders values(8,12,12314,20-nov-14,27);
SQL select*from orders;
INNER JOIN
SQL select customers.cusname,orders.orderid from customers inner join orders on
customers.cusid=orders.cusid order by customers.cusname;
LEFT OUTER JOIN
SQL> select customers.cusname,orders.orderid from customers left outer join orders on
customers.cusid=orders.cusid order by customers.cusname;
RIGHT OUTER JOIN
SQL> select customers.cusname,orders.orderid from customers right outer join orders on
customers.cusid=orders.cusid order by customers.cusname;
FULL OUTER JOIN
SQL> select customers.cusname,orders.orderid from customers full outer join orders on
customers.cusid=orders.cusid order by customers.cusname;
4NESTEDSUB QUERIES AND
CORRELATED
SQcreate table
SUB OUDRIES
client_master2(client no
number(10).client name varchar2(15),adaress
varchar2(20),pincode number(10),salary number(10,2);
SQL desc client_master2;
SQL> create table supplier_master2 as(select from
client_master2);
SQL> alter table supplier_master2 rename column client_name to
supplier_name,
SQL> alter table supplier_master2 rename column client_no to
supplier_no
SQL> desc supplier_master2;
SQL> insert into client_master2 values(1000, Achu',New Street,632401,2000.00);
SQL> insert into client_master2 values(2000, Pavi",Old street,632202,3000.00);
SQL> insert into client_master2 values(3000, Rama',Koil street',632203,5000.00);
SQL> insert into client_master2 values(4000,lakshmi,'AV street,632204,7000.00):
sQL> select* from client_master2;
sQL> insert into supplier_master2 select from client_master2;
SQL> select from supplier_master2;
SUBQUERY IN SELECT STATEMENT:
sQL> select from client_master2 where client_no in(Select client_no from client_master2
where salary>5000);
SUBQUERY WITH INSERT STATEMENT:
SQL> insert into supplier_master2 select * from client_master2 where address in(select
address from client_master2);
sQL> select * from supplier_master2;
sUBQUERY WITH UPDATE STATEMENT:
sQL> update client_master2 set salary=salary " 0.5 where salary in(select salary from
supplier_master2 where salary>3000);
sQL> select ' from client_master2;
SUBQUERY WITH DELETE STATEMENT:
delete from client_master2 where client no in (select client_no from client_master2
where client_no>2000)
SQL> select * from client_master2,
CORRELATED SUB OUERIES
TOFIND FIRST HIGHESTSALARY IN CLIENT_ MASTER2 TABLE
SQL>Select *
from client_master2 clil where 0=(select count (salary) from client_master2
cli2
Where cli2.salary>clil.salary);
TOFIND SECOND HIGHESTSALARY IN CLIENT_MASTER2
TABLE
SQL>Select from client_master2 clil where 1=(select count (salary) from
cli2
client_master2
Where cli2.salary>clil.salary);
TOFIND THIRD HIGHEST SALARY IN CLIENT MASTER2 TABLE
*
SQL>Select from client master2 clil where 2=(select count (salary) from client_master2
cli2
Where cli2.salary>clil.salary);
5. ViEWN CREATiON AND MANIPULATION
SQL ereåte table librarytbcote
ice nunher(5)>; number(5), hnane varchar(20). anane varchar(15);p
Table created.
$QL desc libraryi
Nane
Nul1? Type
BCODE NUMBERC5
BNAME UARCHAR2 (20)
ANANE UARCHAR2 (15)
PRICE NUHBERC5
$QL inser into lihrary values(1,'c"balagurusany',308);
SP2-8?34 unknown connand beginninginser into0.. rest of line ignored.
SQL insert into library values(1,'ci'.'balagurusany',368)
rou created.
sQL
sQL> insert into library values(2,'vb.net'ravichandran' 450);
1 rou created.
SQL insert into library values(3,'asp.net','nichael',408);
1 rou created.
sQL insert into lihrary values(4,'sql','donhoo*,420);
rou created.
sqL> insert into library values(5,'c**,"balagurusany',380)
rou created.
$QL select * fron library;
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
1c balagurusany 300
2 vb.net ravichandran 450
3 asp.net n1chael 400
4 sql donhoo 420
5 ct* balagurus any 380
SQL creaté view vrs as se lect *fron library
iew created.
SQL desc vrss
Nane Null? Type
BCODE NUMBER 5
BNAME UARCHAR2269
ANAME HRCHAR2(15)
PRICE NUMBERCS5
$QL select * fron vrs;
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
1 ct balagurusany 300
2 vb.net rauichandran 45
3 asp.net nichael1 400
4 sql donhoo 420
5 ct+ balagurusany 380
sQL insert into vrs values(5.'ds' "krithika' .350;
row created.
$QL select * fron vrs;
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
1 c# balagurusany 300
2 ub.net ravichandran 450
3 asp.net nichael 400
4 sql donhoo 420
5 c++ balagurusany 380
5 ds krithika 350
rous selected.
sQL> update vrs set bcode=6 uhere anane='krithika';
1 rou updated.
select * fron vrs;
$QL
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
1 c balagurusany 300
2 vb.neet ravichandran 450
nichae1 400
3 asp.net
4 sql donhoo 420
balagurus any 380
5 ct+
krithika 350
6 ds
6 r o u s selected.
SQLY delete fron urs yhere hcode-4
1 rou'teletéd.. '
$QL select.* fron vrs,
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
1 c balagurusany 300
2 vb.net rayichandran 450
3 asp.net nichael1 400
5. ct+ balagurusany 380
6 ds krithika 350
$QL delete fron vrs uhere price>400;
i rou de leted.
sQL select * fron vrs;
BCODE BNAME ANAME PRICE
---
1 c# balagurus any 308
3 asp.net nichael 400
5 c+ balagurus any 380
6 ds krithika 358
SQL drop vrs;
|drop vPS
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-80958: invalid DROP option
SQL drop view vrs;
Uiew dropped.
8.PLSOLPROGRAM FOR TRIGGERS AND ITS TYPE
SQL create table voter(name varchar(10).age number(3),id number(5)-gender varchar(10)
SQL> desc k voter,
SQL> insert into voter values('aaa,25,1 10,female'):
SQL> insert into voter values('bbb'20,111, male')
sQL> insert into voter values(ccc,38,112,female);
SQL> select from voter,
SQL set serveroutput on
SQL> create or replace trigger votl after update or delete on voter for each row
2 declare
3 namel varchar2(10);
4 agel number(3);
5 idl number(5);
6 oper varchar2(25);
7 begin
8 if updating then
9 oper-update operation';
10 else
11 oper-delete operation;
12 end if,
13 idl:-old.id;
14 namel:=old.name;
15 agel:-:old.age
16dbms_output.put_1ine('the"||oper|'was successfully);
17 dbms_ output.put_line(Operation performed on the data');
18 dbms_output.put_line(ID:|id 1||'NAME:"||name l |['AGE:"|age 1);
19 end;
20
Trigger created.
SQL> update voter set name=xxx' where id=110;
theupdate operationwas successfully
Operation performed on the data
ID:110 NAME:aaa AGE:25
SQL> select from voter,
SQL> delete from voter where id=112;
The delete operation was successtully
Operation performed on the data
2.PL/SOLPROGRAM FOR PROCEDURESAND FUNCTIONS
9.1.PROCEDURE
sQL> create table stock(item_code number(10),item_name varchar2(20),
date_of purchase date,current_stock number(10),
Table created.
SQL> desc stock;
SQL> insert into stock values(1,horlicks,13-dec-2009", 100);
SQL> insert into stock values(2,boost,31-jan-2011,150);
SQL> insert into stock values(3,complan,6-jan-2016,50);
SQL> insert into stock values(4,bournvita',17-jan-16,130);
SQL> select from stock;
SQL set serveroutput on
sQL ereate or replace procedure additem(ino in number,ic number)is dop date;
2 no number(10);
3 begin
4 select date_of_purchase into dop from stock where item_code-ino
5 select to_date(to_char(curent_date)-to_date(to_char(dop))into no from dual;
6 if no>365 then
7 delete from stock where item_code-ino;
8 dbms_output.put_line('outdated stock deleted);
9 else
10 update stock set current_stock=current_stocktic where item_code=ino
11 dbms_output.put_line"'stock updatedsuccessfully);
12 end if,
13 end
14
Procedure created.
SQL begin
2 additem(002,150);
3 end
4
stock updated successfully
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQI> select from stock;
SQI> execute additem(3,10);
stock updated successfully
PL/ procedure successfully completed.SQI.
9.2.Function
SQL> create table details(phone number(7),user_name varchar2(30),
addr varchar2(30);
Table created.
SQL> desc details;
SQL> insert into details values(2247346, rama', 'newstreet);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into details values(2256780,achu, oldstreet");
I row created.
sQL insert into details values(2256781, lachu', rmstreet);
I row created.
SQL> select*from details;
PHONE USER_NAME ADDR
2247346 rama newstreet
2256780 achu oldstreet
2256781 lachu mstreet
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL create or replace function find_address(pno in number)return varchar is address varchar2(20);
2 begin
3 select addr into address from details where phone=pno;
4 return address;
5 end;
6
Function created.
sQL> set serveroutput or
SQL> declare
2 ad varchar2(20);
3 begin
4 select find_address(phonejinto ad from details where phone=2247346;
5 dbms_output.put_line('address is||ad);
6 end;
address is newstreet
PLSOL procedure successfully completed.
