© February 2019 | IJIRT | Volume 5 Issue 9 | ISSN: 2349-6002

Arduino Based Smart Street Light System

Shweta D1 , Shruthi M2 , Shreya A3 , Shwetha B4 , Sujay M5 , Asst. Prof. Chaitanya K J 2

1,2,3,4,5 th
4 SEM Student in Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, K.L.E.I.T, Hubli,
Karnataka, India.
2
Assistant Professor in Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, K.L.E.I.T, Hubli,
Karnataka, India

Abstract- In the recent years the demand is increasing I. INTRODUCTION

day to day. It is found that large quantity of electricity
in many countries is consumed in lighting the streets. In present scenario, continuously electricity supply to
Most of basic street lighting systems are switched the consumers is not possible because of production
ON/OFF at regular intervals of time. In this project the
of electricity is less than the utility of electric energy.
system is to develop a street light energy saving control
The solution can be save the electrical energy rather
system to reduce energy if no vehicles pass through
certain roads. The proposed system saves a large
than production of the energy. Saving the energy is
amount of the electrical power. In addition, it may more economical than the produce the electrical
increase the lifetime of the lamps. Operation of this energy. Street light monitoring is the perfect solution
system is to maintain the intensity of street lighting to for saving energy, the aim of street light monitoring
40% of the maximum intensity if no vehicles passing system using wireless sensor network is to control
through the road. When the IR sensor detects use of electricity via remote ON/OFF/DIM of lights
movement of the vehicle, the street lights will be which can save energy costs and maintenance costs
switched to 100% intensity. LDR is used in the system
and increases the life of lamp. We all know that,
to detect day/night. Once day is detected all the street
street lighting is one of the important parts of a city’s
lights will be in the OFF state. Arduino microcontroller
is used to control the system. IR sensor functions as a
infrastructure where the main function is to lightning
vehicle detector will be send a signal to the Arduino will the streets of area if cities during the night.
be control the intensity of the LED while the current The demand of electricity increases day by day. So,
sensor is used as the current detector LED lamp. The energy saving plays a vital role in present scenario.
prototype for the street lighting energy saving control As energy is generated at huge amount, the energy
system is also has safety usage that is the light will not consumed also is at the same rate. And the electrical
turn OFF completely but only dimming and the user energy is generated mostly due to non-conventional
can easily see from far away and the light will full turn energy which is depleting day by day. In present
ON if it detecting movement. As it is observed that, if
scenario the energy consumption is increasing as per
any of the street light has been damaged then unless it is
been complained manually it will never come to the demand, either the same amount of power is to be
operation state. S o to detect the proper operation of the generated or the power consumption should be
street light an LDR sensor is placed below the street reduced. On the national highway there are
light once its night and as all the lights should glow at approximately 500 street lights and each street light
40% of maximum intensity if the value of LDR is not consume approx. 150W. During night the street light
changing then it implies that the street light is not continuously glows till day or sometimes even day
working properly the same is displayed on LCD. The time. So when 500 street lights are considered the
system has shown a great energy savings and if the
energy consumption will increase up to75000W. This
system can be upgrade with many functions and user
power consumption is huge, this can be minimized by
friendly the system can be commercialize and the cost
for retrofitting the street lighting energy saving control the following methodologies illustrated below. First
system can be lowered. technique is by using the IR Sensors, the vehicle
navigation on the National Highways can be sensed
Index Terms- S treet light, S mart control, LDR, light and accordingly the street light glows Thus, the
intensity. power consumption reduces considerably up

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to30%.and the second technique is by using LDR’S fast and capable of running thousands of lines of code
this detects the light and the light doesn’t glow during each seconds [3].
the day time. This reduces power consumption by
20%. Thus, by these techniques 50% of power III.PROBLEM STATEMENT
consumption is reduced.
It is very common to see the street light alight all
II.MOTIVATION night, which is a great waste of energy. The power
consumption is relatively high day by day. Some
Smart cities and green technology are becoming one streets are not fully occupied like the main city
of the world agenda in preparing for a better future. streets; sometimes they are empty for a certain period
The smart street lighting system is one of the time.
technologies that support green environmental related Based on the problem, the observation of street
work. The technology that evolves with the advance lighting was done to improve the street lighting
in wireless communication and low energy street control system to make sure the street light can
light has become the foundation in the development operate properly. By applying this system, it can
of smart cities [1]. reduce energy consumption and also can reduce
Apart from supporting works toward better future, electricity wastage. Therefore it is important to know
smart city technologies allow improvement in the the ways how to minimize the power consumption of
area of response and maintenance where failures or the street light.
breakdowns within the deployment area is almost real
time detectable, allowing immediate response from IV.LITERATURE SURVEY
the respective person.
Street lighting is one of the important parts of a city’s [1] In this paper, Street Light Glow on detecting
infrastructure where the main function is to vehicle movement using sensor is a system that
illuminate the city’s street during the dark hours of utilizes the latest technology for sources of light as
the day. There are several factors that should be LED lamps. It is also used to control the switching of
considered for the design of road lighting systems, street light automatically according to the light
such as a safety night for members of the public and intensity to develop flow based dynamic control
other road users, provide public lighting at a cost statistics using infrared detection technology and
effective, reduce crime and reduce its impact on the maintain wireless communication among lamppost
environment. and control terminal using ZigBee Wireless protocol.
Generally, street light is switched on for the whole It also combines various technologies: a timer, a
night and during the day the street light is switched statistics of traffic flow magnitude, photodiodes,
off but during the night time, street light are not LED, power transistors.
necessary if there is no traffic user. Saving of this [2] In this paper, the system operates in the automatic
energy consumption is a very important factor these mode which regulates the streetlight according to
days as energy resources get reduced day by day. brightness and dimness algorithm and light intensity.
Alternatives for natural resources are very less and The control can be made according to the seasonal
our next generations may face lots of problems variation. It includes a time cut-out function and an
because of lack of these natural resources [2]. automatic control pattern for conserving more
The Arduino microcontroller system has some electricity. The whole project was implemented using
advantages such as inexpensive, easy to run the a PIC microcontroller.
programming, simple and clear programming [3] In this paper, they have implemented design of
environment, have open source and extensible traffic flow based street light control system with
software and also have extensible hardware. This is effective utilization of solar energy in the year 2015.
the reason why Arduino microcontroller has been They used the renewable source of energy i.e. the
chosen as the controller for the system. Arduino solar power for street lighting. They have also used
microcontroller system is the device that can very 8052 series microcontroller and is developed by
replacing the normal bulbs with the LEDs due to

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which the power consumption is reduced by 3 times. VII. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

Sensors are placed on either side of the road which
senses the vehicle movement and sends the The hardware design of the overall system has been
commands to the microcontroller to switch ON and implemented in the same form as it was designed.
OFF the lights. Here all the street lights remain The subsystems implemented are illustrated in a
switched off and it glows only when it senses the sequence.
vehicle movement. Hence, becaus e of the
microcontroller, even when its night the lights are
switched off.
V.OBJECTIVE

To develop an intelligent street lighting system

equipped with vehicle detection sensors which
provide a better solution to reduce electricity
wastage.
VI. METHODOLOGY

Fig 2 Regulated Power Supply Circuit

As shown in the above Fig 2, The 230V AC 50 Hz
supply is given to step down center tapped
transformer (9-0-9) V, 500mA. Here the voltage is
stepped down from 230V to (9-0-9) V then by using
two diode full wave rectification circuit the voltage is
rectified and converted into pulsating dc that is fed to
capacitive filter to remove the ripple content from the
Fig 1 Block diagram of the proposed concept
The above fig.1 represents block diagram of the voltage and then it is fed to 7805 regulator IC to get a
regulated power supply of 5V DC, 500mA.
project carried out . The main aim is to reduce the
Appropriate heat sink is included to dissipate the heat
power consumption by the street lights, the present
situation is like the street lights on the national developed during the operation.
highway will be switched ON in the evening and
B. LCD Interface to Arduino
OFF in the morning. But the actual timing of these
street lights to be switched ON is when there is
absolute darkness. With this the power will be wasted
to some extent. This project gives the best possible
solutions for the power wastage. In our project we are
using LDR, whose resistance varies according to the
amount of light falling on its surface, this gives the
indication whether it is day/night time. The IR
sensors have been placed on both the sides of the
road which are monitored by microcontroller. The
IR’S will be activated only during the night times. If Fig. 3 Interface circuit of LCD with Arduino
any obstacle that is vehicle or a person crosses IR The fig. 3 represents circuit of LCD (20x4) interfaced
automatically the light gets brighter till the obstacle with Arduino MEGA. The two potentiometer are
crosses to certain distance and then the street light used in order to control the contrast and brightness of
gets dimmer (less brightness). So as mentioned 50% the LCD. The LCD is used to display alphanumeric
of the power consumption is reduced. In this project character. Four bit of data transmission is used to
we use microcontroller(ATMELGA328P) and a interface between the Arduino and LCD. Only write
regulated voltage supply of 5V to the Arduino. operation is used by sending a low signal to
read/write terminal of the LCD.

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C. Implemented Circuit

Fig. 4 Implemented circuit

The aim of the project is to design a street light Fig. 6 Experimental setup in operating state
control system which automatically turns ON or OFF
the street lights by detecting the movement of VIII. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
vehicles and depending on the intensity of sunlight.
In dark, resistance of LDR is high. So the voltage
drop across the LDR is also high. The IR sensor is
placed directly in line of sight with IR receiver, so
that the IR sensor receiver continuously receives the
infrared rays. Once the receiver receives the infrared
rays the microcontroller will ON or OFF depending
on the instruction dumped in the program.
In dark, when a car or any other vehicle blocks any of
the IR sensor, the microcontroller will immediately
increase the intensity of the first LED.As the vehicle
moves forward and blocks the second IR sensor, the
corresponding next LED’s will be turned ON and the
first LED of the previous set is turned OFF. The
process continues this way for all sensors and LED’s
.As the resistance value is maximum in the
midnights, the controller checks peak time during
which there is no traffic and switch OFF the lights .

D. Experimental Setup
The following depicts the experimental setup of the
proposed concept.

IX. RESULTS

The following tabulated data represents results of

activation of street lights.
Table 1 Result of implemented system
SI.No. LDR 1 LDR 2 Street Light State
1. Low light Low light ON
Fig. 5 Experimental setup
2. Low light Dense light OFF

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3. High light Low light OFF control the lights of the street. The model acts not
4. High light High light OFF surprisingly and will turn out to be exceptionally
The following tabulated data represents results of valuable and will satisfy all the present limitations if
results of activation of lights because of availability actualized on a vast scale.
of vehicle
Table 2 Result of activation of light because of REFERENCES
availability of vehicle
Street Street [1] S. Suganya, R. Sinduja, T. Sowmiya & S.
IR
LDR LDR Lights Lights
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1 2 100% 75% ON
1
ON Vechile Movement Using Sensor”, International
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Low Low Street
1. ON light And Technology, 2015, Volume 1, PP.No 114-
light light light 2
1,3,4,5,6
116.
Table 3 Result of activation of light because of
[2] K.Santha Sheela, S.Padmadevi, “Survey on
availability of vehicle
Street Lighting System Based On Vehicle
IR
Street Street Movements”, International Journal of Innovative
LDR LDR Lights Lights
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2 Technology, Vol. 3, Issue 2, February 2014,
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Street PP.No. 9220-9225.
Low Low Street
1. ON light [3] M.Abhishek, Syed ajram shah, K.Chetan,
light light light 5
1,2,3,4,6
K,Arun Kumar, Design and implementation of
traffic flow based street light control system with
CONCLUSION
effective utilization of solar energy, International
journal of Science Engineering and Advance
This implemented concept expounds the
Technology, IJSEAT, Vol 3, Issue 9, September
configuration and development of Smart Street
-2015
lighting control framework circuit. Circuit meets
[4] C.Bhuvaneshwari, R.Rajeswari, C.Kalaiarasan,
expectations appropriately to turn road light
Analysis of Solar energy based street light with
ON/OFF. In the wake of planning the circuit which
auto tracking system, International Journal of
controls the light of the road as delineated in the past
Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and
segments. LDR sensor and the IR sensors are the two
Instrumentation Engineering, Vol 2, Issue 7, July
fundamental conditions in living up to expectations
2013.
the circuit. On the off chance that the two conditions
have been fulfilled the circuit will do the required
work as indicated by the particular system. Every
sensor controls the killing ON or the lighting
segment. The road lights have been effectively
controlled by Arduino UNO. With orders from the
controller, the lights will be ON in the spots of the
movements. Besides the downside of the road light
framework utilizing timer controller has been
succeeded, where the framework relies on upon
photoelectric sensor. At long last this control circuit
can be utilized as a part of a long roadway between
the urban areas as well as the rural areas. The venture
points were to lessen the reactions of the present
street lighting framework and discover an answer for
power loss. In this venture, the first thing to do is to
set up the inputs and yields of the framework to

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