Electrical

Engineering
Profession
August 31, 2021
By: Engr. Jennifer M. Felisilda
 Table of contents
Introduction

History of Electrical
Engineering Profession
01

Famous Persons of
Electrical Engineering
02
Introduction
 Electricity is an essential part of modern life, so vital
that most of us cannot imagine a life without it, but do
know how it all stated?

Electricity development and history are important

aspect in learning about Electrical Engineering inorder
for us to have a better understanding of its purpose
and to have a clear view of what the future holds.

https://www.electricityforum.com/a-timeline-of-history-of-electricity.html
What is Electricity
● Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge through a
conductor.
● Electricity is not only a basic part of nature but one of the most
widely used forms of energy
○ lightning or static electricity occurs naturally.
○ created in an electrical generator or supplied by a battery
● The electricity we use is a secondary energy source because it is
produced by converting primary sources of energy such as coal,
natural gas, nuclear energy, solar energy, and wind energy into
electrical power.
Who discovered electricity

Thales, a Greek, found that when amber was rubbed with silk, it
became electrically charged and attracted objects. He had
originally discovered static electricity.
Who discovered electricity

William Gilbert(England) first coined the term "electricity"

from "elektron," the Greek word for amber. Gilbert wrote
about the electrification of many substances. He was also
the first person to use the terms electric force, magnetic
pole, and electric attraction.
Who discovered electricity
In 1660, Otto von Guericke of Germany invented a crude
machine (electrostatic generator) for producing static electricity.
It was a ball of sulfur, rotated by a crank with one hand and
rubbed with the other.
Who discovered electricity
1675: Stephen Gray (England) distinguished between
conductors and nonconductors of electrical charges.
He was the first to systematically experiment with electrical
conduction (“Father” of Electricity)
Who discovered electricity
1733
● Charles Francois du Fay discovers that electricity comes in two
kinds which he called resinous(-) and vitreous(+).
○ which Benjamin Franklin and Ebenezer Kinnersley of
Philadelphia later named positive and negative.
Who discovered electricity
1745
Pieter van Musschenbroek invents the Leyden jar. The Leyden jar
stored static electricity, which could be discharged all at once. The
Leyden Jar is like a capacitor, and he nearly kills his friend Cunaeus.

1747-1748

● Sir William Watson uses an electrostatic machine and a vacuum

pump to make the first glow discharge. His glass vessel is three
feet long and three inches in diameter: the first fluorescent light
bulb.
Who discovered electricity
1752

Benjamin Franklin ran his famous kite experiment that sparked the
discovery of electricity. As a prominent American scientist and one of
America’s founding fathers, Franklin tied a key to a kite string during a
thunderstorm and proved that static electricity and lightning were one
and the same thing. Following this historic result, people were eager to
try to harness the power of electricity for the primary goal of lighting
their homes in a cheap and safe way instead of oil and gas lamps which
were flammable and dangerous.
Who discovered electricity
1800
● Alessandro Volta, an Italian scientist, the Voltaic pile (early type of
battery) He soaked paper in salt water, placed zinc and copper on
opposite sides of the paper, and watched the chemical reaction
produce an electric current. Volta had created the first electric cell.
By connecting many of these cells together, Volta was able to
“string a current” and create a battery. It is in honor of Volta that we
rate batteries in volts. Finally, a safe and dependable source of
electricity was available, making it easy for scientists to study
electricity.
Who discovered electricity
1820: Separate experiments by Hans Christian Oersted(Denmark),
Andre-Marie Ampere (France), and Francois Arago confirmed the
relationship between electricity and magnetism.

1821: Michael Faraday (England) discovered the principle of

electromagnetic rotation which would later be the key to
developing the electric motor.

1826: Georg Ohm (Germany) defined the relationship between

power, voltage, current and resistance in Ohms Law.
Who discovered electricity

1831: Using his invention the induction ring, Michael Faraday

(England) proved that electricity can be induced (made) by
changes in an electromagnetic field. Faraday's experiments about
how electricity current works led to the understanding of
electrical transformers and motors.
Joseph Henry(U.S.) separately discovered the principle of
electromagnetic induction but didn't publish his work. He also
described an electric motor.
Who discovered electricity
1835: Joseph Henry(U.S.) invented the electrical relay, which
could send electrical currents long distances.

1837: Thomas Davenport(U.S.) invented the electric motor, an

invention that is used in most electrical appliances today.
Who discovered electricity
● 1841: James Prescott Joule(England) showed that energy is
conserved in electrical circuits involving current flow,
thermal heating, and chemical transformations. A unit of
thermal energy, the Joule, was named after him.

● 1844: Samuel Morse( U.S.) invented the electric telegraph,

a machine that could send messages long distances across
wires.
Who discovered electricity
Mathematical theory of electromagnetic fields published.
J.C. Maxwell (Scotland) created a new era of physics when
he unified magnetism, electricity and light. Maxwell's four
laws of electrodynamics ("Maxwell's Equations")
eventually led to electric power, radios, and television.
Who discovered electricity
1878: Joseph Swan (England) invented the first
incandescent lightbulb (also called an "electric lamp"). His
lightbulb burned out quickly. Thomas Edison (U.S.)
founded the Edison Electric Light Co. (US), in New York
City. He bought a number of patents related to electric
lighting and began experiments to develop a practical,
long-lasting light bulb.
Who discovered electricity
1879: After many experiments, Thomas Edison (U.S.) invented
an incandescent light bulb that could be used for about 40
hours without burning out. By 1880 his bulbs could be used for
1200 hours. Electric lights (Brush arc lamps) were first used for
public street lighting in Cleveland, Ohio. California Electric Light
Company, Inc. in San Francisco was the first electric company to
sell electricity to customers. The company used two small
Brush generators to power 21 Brush arc light lamps.
Who discovered electricity
1881: The electric streetcar was invented by E.W. v. Siemens
Who discovered electricity
1882: Thomas Edison (U.S.) opened the Pearl Street Power
Station in New York City. The Pearl Street Station was one of the
world's first central electric power plants and could power
5,000 lights. The Pearl Street Station was a direct current (DC)
power system, unlike the power systems that we use today
which use alternating current (AC). The first hydroelectric
station opened in Wisconsin. Edward Johnson first put electric
lights on a Christmas tree.
Who discovered electricity
1882: The first hydroelectric station opened in Wisconsin.
Who discovered electricity
1882: The Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power & Manufacturing
Company, which constructed a canal for hydraulic power
generation nearly 20 year prior, began operating a small
electrical plant in Niagara Falls, New York in 1882. The plant,
which generated direct current (DC), could only distribute
current a distance of 2 miles.
Who discovered electricity
1882: Edward Johnson first put electric lights on a Christmas
tree.
Who discovered electricity

1883: Nikola Tesla (U.S. immigrant from Austrian Empire)

invented the "Tesla coil" a transformer that changed electricity
from low voltage to high voltage, making it easier to transport
over long distances
Who discovered electricity

1884: Nikola Tesla (U.S. immigrant from Austrian Empire)

invented the electric alternator for producing alternating
current (AC). Until this time, electricity had been generated
using direct current (DC) from batteries.
an electromechanical device that is capable of converting
mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of
alternating current by means of electromagnetic induction
Who discovered electricity

1884: Sir Charles Algernon Parsons(England) invented a steam

turbine generator, capable of generating huge amounts of
electricity.
Who discovered electricity
1886: William Stanley, Jr. (U.S.) developed the induction coil
transformer and an alternating current electric system.
Who discovered electricity
1888:
● Charles Brush(U.S.) was the first to use a large windmill to
generate electricity. He used the windmill to charge batteries
in the cellar of his home in Cleveland, Ohio.
Who discovered electricity
1888:
● Nikola Tesla (U.S. immigrant from Austrian Empire)
demonstrated the first polyphase alternating current (AC)
electrical system. His AC system included everything
needed for electricity production and use: generator,
transformers, transmission system, motor (used in
appliances) and lights.
● George Westinghouse, the head of Westinghouse Electric
Company, bought the patent rights to the AC system.
Who discovered electricity
1893:
● The Westinghouse Electric Company used an alternating
current (AC) system to light the Chicago World's Fair. A 22
mile AC powerline was opened, sending electricity from
Folsom Powerhouse in California to Sacramento.
Who discovered electricity
1894:
● The Niagara Falls Power Company, backed by strong investors
such as John Jacob Astor, J.P. Morgan, William Vanderbilt and
others began construction on a large-scale electric plant on the
US side of the Falls. NFPC offered a $100,000 prize for anyone
who could develop a method for the long distance transfer of
electricity. After much controversy and many failed proposals,
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, with Tesla
as a consultant, won the contract to build Tesla’s polyphase AC
system for the new power station. In 1894, when the Niagara
Falls Power Company’s Powerhouse #1 went online and power
was distributed as far as Buffalo, NY, it was clear that AC power
was here to stay.
Trivia on electricity
1881

● 1881 International Exposition of Electricity, established the ampere

as a standard unit of electrical measurement, along with the
coulomb, volt, ohm, watt and farad, which are named, respectively,
after Ampère's contemporaries Charles-Augustin de Coulomb of
France, Alessandro Volta of Italy, Georg Ohm of Germany, James
Watt of Scotland and Michael Faraday of England.
 War of the Currents
● The initial standard form of electricity in the United States was the DC system
that Edison developed through General Electric. Nikola Tesla, a student of
Edison, believed that AC was a better option because, with the use of
transformers, power could be converted to higher or lower voltages much
easier and more efficiently.
● Edison argued that AC was far more dangerous. This battle peaked in 1893 at
the Chicago World’s Fair when General Electric lost its bid to power the fair to
George Westinghouse, who was using Tesla’s AC system.
Eventually, because it was cheaper to distribute and could supply power to larger
areas, AC became the new standard for electricity in the U.S.
War of the Currents
War of the Currents
 Electricity in the Modern Era
● Well into the 20th century, most Americans continued to illuminate their
homes using gas lamps. In 1925, only half of American houses had electrical
power.
● Because of FDR’s Rural Electrification Act of 1936, by 1945, 85 percent of
American homes were powered by electricity, with virtually all homes having
electricity by 1960.
● Initially, electricity was used primarily for lighting. But as appliances like
vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, and washing machines became more popular
starting in the 1950s, demand for electricity grew.

https://mrelectric.com/blog/the-history-of-electricity-history-of-electricity-timeline
 Electricity in the Modern Era
● In the 21st century the electricity continues to evolve. Coal, petroleum, and
natural gas have been our primary sources of electrical production since the
early 20th century, and alternating current still reigns.
● Eco-conscious entrepreneurs are committed to the transition from fossil fuels
to renewable electricity, thus renewable energy is the fastest-growing source
of electricity in the United States, increasing 67 percent from 2000 to 2016.
● Renewable Energy includes wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and
biomass.
 Electricity in the Philippines
● Electricity was known to have reached the country in 1890. Sociedad
Mercantil which became La Electricista provided electricity in Manila and
nearby provinces.
● La Electricista was established in 1892 in association with the Compania de
Tabacos de Filipinas (TABACALERA).
● The Municipal Council of Manila signed a 20-year contract with Sociedad
Mercantil Millat, Marti y Mitjans to provide electric lighting for city streets,
parks and other public places originally illuminated by oil lamps. The contract
also allowed Sociedad to enter into arrangements with private customers to
have their homes and establishments lighted by incandescent lamps. La
Electricista was given rights to Sociedad’s 20-year contract.
 Electricity in the Philippines
● MERALCO was established in 1903 and bought La Electricista the following
year.
● By early 1905, some 40,129 incandescent lights, 495 arc lamps were installed
in both public and private areas
● In 1925, MERALCO expanded services to the municipalities of Rizal and other
parts of Luzon by purchasing the franchises and plants of the small provincial
electric companies.
● By 1953, MERALCO had disposed all its provincial facilities, and in 1961 it
became Filipino-owned when a group of Filipino businessmen led by Eugenio
Lopez, Sr. bought MERALCO from General Public Utilities Corporation of New
York.
 Electricity in the Philippines
● National Power Corporation (NPC) was established in 1936 to develop the
country’s hydroelectric resources
● 1960, the Electrification Administration (EA) was created by Philippine
● Congress to implement the government’s declared objective of total
electrification as a national policy of the country.
● The government granted franchises to private companies to encourage them
to set up local distribution systems in rural areas. Some of these companies
generated their own power, but most of them made bulk purchases of power
generated by NPC.
 Electricity in the Philippines
● In 1969, the National Electrification Administration (NEA) was created by
Congress to replace EA as the implementing agency of the country’s total
electrification policy. Under NEA, the RECs (or electric cooperatives) were
designated as the country’s primary electricity distribution system.
● By 1971, there were about 479 electric utilities and 876 generating plants with
a total capacity of 2,314,868 kw. In 1970, 8.54 million of the 38 million total
population (22.5%) had electric service and 2.56 million of the 8.54 million
(29.9%) resided in rural areas. However, more than 86% of the rural families
did not have electric service
 Electricity in the Philippines
● By 1990, NEA now supervises 119 electric cooperatives all over the country.
Although the original target of total electrification by 1990 was not achieved,
only 5,404 barangays out of a total of 41,995 barangays remained
unelectrified as of December 31, 2002.
● In 2001, the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) was passed by
Congress to ensure the quality, reliability, security, and affordability of the
supply of electric power
 01
History of Electrical
Engineering
Profession
 What is Electrical Engineering?
Electrical engineering is a professional engineering discipline that
generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics,
and electromagnetism. This field first became an identifiable occupation
in the later half of the 19th century after commercialization of the
electric telegraph, the telephone, and electric power distribution and use.
 What is Electrical Engineering?
The term electrical engineering may or may not encompass electronic
engineering. Where a distinction is made, electrical engineering is
considered to deal with the problems associated with large-scale
electrical systems such as power transmission and motor control,
whereas electronic engineering deals with the study of small-scale
electronic systems including computers and integrated circuits. Another
way of looking at the distinction is that electrical engineers are usually
concerned with using electricity to transmit energy, while electronics
engineers are concerned with using electricity to transmit information.
Michael Faraday
The Father of Electrical Engineering
● Michael Faraday, did not receive a traditional scientific
education.
● He was a bookbinder, where he learned about scientific
subjects from the books he bound.
● He was especially interested in electricity, galvanism, and
mechanics.
● Eventually, he attended four lectures given by Humphry
Davy, which marked the start of his scientific career.
● In 1814, Faraday travelled throughout Europe with Davy for

18 months, meeting many scientists and developing his

scientific knowledge along the way. Upon his return, he

worked on chemical experiments with Davy for several years

before he published his research on electromagnetic rotation,

which is the principle behind the electric motor, in 1821. This

moment, perhaps, was the birth of the electrical engineering

discipline.
● In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction, which is

the principle behind the electric transformer and

generator. He proved that a magnet could induce an

electrical current in a wire, where he converted mechanical

energy into electrical energy. This discovery showed that

electricity had enormous potential for technological

development. It didn’t have to be confined to a lab any

longer.
● Faraday died in 1867, having made many contributions to

the world of electricity. His work serves as the basis for

electrical engineering, as the fundamental principles he

discovered are still in use today.

 Recognizing
Electrical Engineering
as a field of study
● The study of electricity was originally considered to be a

part of physics, electrical engineering eventually branched

into its own discipline.

● In 1883, the world’s first School of Electrical Engineering

was established at the Technische Universität Darmstadt

(Technical University of Darmstadt) in Germany

● The first electrical engineering degree program in the

United States was started at Massachusetts Institute of

Technology (MIT) in the physics department under

Professor Charles Cross, though it was Cornell University to

produce the world's first electrical engineering graduates

in 1885.
 Electrical Engineering
in the Philippines
● University of the Philippines-Diliman offered BS EE in 1916.

● 1940 Mapúa has offered Electrical Engineering and has been

the first private institution in the Philippines to offer the

program.

● Notre Dame of Dadiangas University opened the academic

course for BS in Electrical Engineering in SY 2000.

 Electrical Engineers
Professional & Organization
● Electricity in the US was becoming increasingly influential

thus in 1884 the organization known as the American

Institute of Electrical Engineers was formed

● In 1963, this organization merged with the Institute of

Radio Engineers (formed in 1912) to form the Institute of

Electrical and Electronics Engineers, which today is the

world’s largest technical professional organization.

● In the Philippines, The Institute of Integrated Electrical

Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE) is the organization

of electrical practitioners and the only accredited

professional organization (APO) of electrical practitioners

by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) with PRC

Cert. No. I-APO-016. Founded in 1975, the organization,

which started with 500 members, has now 47,000 members

and more are joining.

 Practicing Electrical Engineers
In most countries, a Bachelor's degree in engineering represents the first
step towards professional certification and the degree program itself is
certified by a professional body. After completing a certified degree
program the engineer must satisfy a range of requirements (including
work experience requirements) before being certified. Once certified the
engineer is designated the title of Professional Engineer (in the United
States, Canada and South Africa ), Chartered Engineer (in the United
Kingdom, Ireland, India and Zimbabwe), Chartered Professional Engineer
(in Australia and New Zealand) or European Engineer (in much of the
European Union).
 Practicing Electrical Engineers
In Philippines, a Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering
certified by CHED needs to be completed. After completing a
certified degree program the graduate must passed the Registered
Electrical Engineering Licensure Exam by PRC before they can
register. After acquiring minimum of 5 years of work experience the
REE can apply for the Professional Electrical Engineer Exam which
will require passing the technical paper presentation to the Board
of Electrical Engineer and PEE exam.
 Sub-disciplines of
Electrical Engineerin
The scope of practice of Electrical Engineering is defined in Section 2a of
the Electrical Engineering Law or RA 7920.

“Practice of electrical engineering” a person is deemed to be in the

practice of electrical engineering when he renders or offers to render
professional electrical engineering service in the form of:
1. Consultation, investigation, valuation and management of services
requiring electrical engineering knowledge;
2. Design and preparation of plans, specifications and estimates for
electric powers systems, power plans, power distribution system including
power transformers, transmissions lines and network protection,
switchgear, building wiring, electrical machines, equipment and others;
The scope of practice of Electrical Engineering is defined in Section 2a of
the Electrical Engineering Law or RA 7920.

3. Supervision of erection, installation, testing and commissioning of power

plans, substation, transmission lines, industrial plans and others;
4. Supervisions of operation and maintenance of electrical equipment in
powers plants, industrial plants, watercrafts, electric locomotives and
others;
5. Supervisions on the manufacture and repair of electrical equipment
including switchboards, transformers, generators, motors, apparatus and
others;
The scope of practice of Electrical Engineering is defined in Section 2a of
the Electrical Engineering Law or RA 7920.

6. Teaching of electrical engineering professional subject; and

7. Taking charge of the sale and distribution of electrical equipment and
systems requiring engineering calculations or applications of engineering
data.
Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
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 Resources
● https://www.electricityforum.com/a-timeline-of-history-of-electricity.html
● https://mrelectric.com/blog/the-history-of-electricity-history-of-electricity-ti
meline
● https://coe.upd.edu.ph/history/
●