GRAMMAR FOCUS 1.

PAST TIMES AND USED TO

I. PAST PERFECT AND PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS RULES.
II. Practice
I.Put the verbs in the brackets into the Past Simple or Past Perfect. State which action happened
first.

II. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Past Simple or Past Perfect.
III. Fill in the gap using the Past Perfect Continuous form of the verbs below.

IV. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous.

V. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous.
VI. Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct past form.

VII. Choose the correct answer.

VIII. Fill in the spaces with the correct form of the verb in parentheses in simple past perfect
tense or past perfect progressive tense.
Jill knew that her friend Sasha (feel) (1) sad lately. Sasha's mother (die)

(2) two months before, and the two friends (not, have) (3) a
chance to talk since it happened. Sasha arrived at Jill's house at three o'clock on Saturday afternoon.
Jill
(call) (4) her friend on Friday to invite her to over for coffee and cookies. Glancing at
the mess in the kitchen, Sasha guessed that Jill (bake) (5) cookies all day. The
women talked for a couple of hours. They (always, enjoy) (6) each other's
company in the past, and were happy to be together again. Sasha recalled some of the things that she

(find) (7) as she (sort) (8)through her mother's belongings. "It seems
that, for some time before Mom died, she (make) (9) three scrapbooks," said
Sasha. "The last one (never, be) (10) completed." "What did they contain?" asked
Jill. "One contained all of the awards I (win) (11) before I reached sixth grade,"
answered Sasha, "along with pictures of my friends and me. I knew that mom (always, take)
(12) lots of pictures, but I didn't know how many. The second was a collection of memorabilia from my
high school years." "And the third?" prompted Jill. Sasha paused and smiled before answering, "Mom
and I (often, go) (13) on walks together to gather wildflowers before I became a
teenager," Sasha replied. "Before she died, she (make) (14) a scrapbook to hold
all of the flowers we (collect) (15)."
IX. Supply the correct past form of the verbs given in the brackets.
Eric and Ilsa are brother and sister. They (grow) (1) up together in the city that
used
to be known as West Berlin, in the former West Germany. Eric (move) (2) to the
United States decades ago, before the eastern and western parts of both Berlin and Germany were
reunited in 1990. Ilsa and her family (visit) (3)Eric and his family last year. llsa's
Family (fly)
(4) from Berlin to Detroit for the visit. Although the children (never, meet)
(5) before, except through e-mail, the families (have) (6) a great time together.

Every day for a week, the adults and the children (play) (7), talking, and eating
together. One day, they (cook) (8) some German recipes that (be) (9) in the
family for generations. For years, Ilsa (save) (10) them and treasuring them in a box their
mother
(give) (11) her just before she (die) (12). One of their mother's favorites (be)

(13) a dessert called Apple Kuchen. One night after everyone else (already, go)

(14) to bed, Eric and Ilsa (quietly, sit) (15) and talking. "What have you

(miss) (16) most about Berlin?" Ilsa wanted to know. Eric (pause) (17), then
answered, "Mostly, I miss living in a city with such wonderful landmarks. The kids and I
(look)
(18) at some books about Berlin and Germany for a while before you and your
family
(arrive) (19). We (discuss) (20) the Brandenburg Gate when Franz interrupted
to ask why its image (use) (21) as a design on some of the coins back when Germany
had converted its money to euros." "What (do) (22) you tell him?" Ilsa asked. "I
(say)
(23) that I (not, be) (24) sure," answered Eric, “but that I (think) (25)
it was because the gate (become) (26) a symbol for Germany, like the Statue of Liberty
had emerged as a symbol for the United States."

X. Complete the interview with a woman who found her three siblings after many years.
Use the past perfect progressive, the past perfect, or the simple past form of the verbs
in parentheses. Use contractions when possible. Sometimes more than one answer is
possible.

The End

III. USED TO
Exercise 1.

Exercise 2: Supply the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets.
1. When I was a child, I used (dream) of being an astronaut.
2. I'm terribly nervous. I'm not used (speak) to a large audience.
3. It took us ages to get used (live) in an apartment house.
4. Lots of trains used (stop) here, but not many do now.
5. Didn't Nick use (work) on a building site?
6. I'll have an orange juice, please. I'm not used (drink) alcohol.
7. David doesn't seem to mind being in hospital. I suppose he's got used (be) there.
8. When Laura was at college, she used (have) a picture of Elvis Presley on
her bedroom wall.
9. There used (be) a cinema here but it was knocked down a few years ago.
10. When she arrived in Britain, she wasn't used (drive) on the left, but she soon got used to it.
Exercise 3: Circle the best option.
1. Astronauts in their spaceship, but they frequently work outside now.
A. were used to stay B. used to stay C. were staying D. had used to stay
2. People that the earth is round before.
A. were not used to believe B. used to believing
B. would not use to believe D. did not use to believe
3. Tuberculosis incurable before.
A. use to be thought B. used to be thought C. used to think D. use to think
4. Formerly babies of whooping cough.
A. have died B. used to die C. would die D. both B and C
5. These city girls are used in the field.
A. to work B. used to lie C. would like D. to working
6. Newton scientific books when a boy.
A. used to read B. has read C. had read D. had been reading
7. I am sorry I am not fast.
A. used to drive B. used to driving C. use to drive D. use to driving
8. Frank used to work in a small shop. He
A. doesn't any more B. still does C. is now D. had never done anything else
9. Roy Trenton used to work in a small shop. He
A. is driving it B. doesn’t drive it any more C. likes it D. didn’t like it
10. Roy Trenton use to drive a taxi. This means he a living himself.
A. use to ear B. used earn C. used to earning D. used to earn
11. I in Jakarta. I've lived here all my life.
A. am used to living B. used to living C. use to live D. am used to live
12. Jane for the telephone company, but now she has a job at the post office.
A. used to working B. used to work C. is used to working D. am used to work
13. This work doesn’t bother me. I hard. I've worked hard all my life.
A. used to working B. used to work C. am used to working D. am used to work
14. Dick a moustache, but he doesn't any more. He shaved it off because his wife didn't like it.
A. used to having B. is used to having C. was used to having D. used to have
15. When I was a child, I anyone 40 was old.
A. used to think B. was used to thinking C. used to thinking D. was used to think
16. Jason on airplanes. His father is a pilot.
A. used to fly B. uses to fly C. is used to flying D. used to flying
17. Michael care of himself. He left home when he was 15 and has been on his own ever since.
A. used to take B. be used to taking C. used to taking D. is used to taking
18. I the piano quite well when I was younger.
A. am used to play B. used to play C. am used to playing D. used to playing
19. I on busy highways in big cities. I've been doing it ever since I learned how to drive.
A. am used to driving B. used to drive C. am used to drive D. used to driving
20. My feet are killing me. I for long periods of time.
A. don't use to stand B. am not used to standing C. didn't used to stand D. am not used to stand
Exercise 4: Rewrite the following sentences using structures of USED TO.
1. I had a lot of money but I lost it all when my business failed.
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2. I quite like classical music now, although I wasn't keen on it when I was younger.
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3. I seem to have lost interest in my work.

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4. My brother had his hair cut short when he joined the army.
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5. Dennis gave up smoking three years ago.

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6. My parents lived in the USA when they were young.

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7. Jim was my best friend, but we aren't friends any more.

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8. When he was younger, my uncle was a national swimming champion.

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9. I eat ice-cream now, but I disliked eating it when I was a child.

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THE END