Prepared by LOUISA B.
DANGA
M ath ematics Pr e -ser vice T each er
Have you ever watched the
stars at night?
The stars look like dots
sparkling in the sky.
Point
Representation: DOT (●)
How to denote: ●A (point A)
A point suggests an exact location in space. It
has no dimension – no length, no width , and
no thickness.
Concrete examples:
Tip of a pen Tip of a compass
Consider points A and B.
By connecting this two points, extending without end
in both directions, it will introduce us another
undefined term – the Line.
Line
Representation: straight mark
with two arrow heads (↔)
✓ A line consists of points ✓ A line has no width nor
that goes on forever in thickness, but it has
two directions. infinite length.
Line
✓ A line is usually named by any two of its points or
by a lowercase.
How to denote:
or line k
Line
CD DC b
Concrete example of a line:
Electric wires
Collinear and Noncollinear points
Points A and B
Points C and D
they are Collinear points
They are called collinear points
because they lie on the same
line.
Collinear and Noncollinear points
Points A and C
Points B and D
they are Noncollinear points
They are called
noncollinear points
because they do not lie on
the same line.
Plane
✓ Plane is a set of points
in and endless surface.
It has an infinite width
and length but has no
thickness.
Representation: slanted four-
sided figure ( )
Plane
How to denote:
Single capital letter or by
three noncollinear points.
ABC
X
Concrete example of a plane:
Bricks wall A sheet of paper
Coplanar and Noncoplanar lines
Lines OP and QP
are called coplanar lines.
✓ Lines that lie on the same
plane are called coplanar
lines.
✓ Lines that do not lie on the
same plane are called non-
coplanar lines.
Coplanar and Noncoplanar points
Points O, P and Q
are called coplanar points.
✓ Points that lie on the same
plane are called coplanar
points.
✓ Points that do not lie on the
same plane are called non-
coplanar points.
Intersecting lines
✓ Two or more lines that
intersect and have a
common point are called
intersecting lines
Line l and line k intersect at
point P.
Parallel lines
✓ Two lines in the same plane
that are equidistant from
each other and never meet
are called parallel lines
Line l is parallel to line k
Symbol: l ║k
Concurrent lines
✓ Three or more lines that
intersect at a common point
are called concurrent lines
j , k , and l are
concurrent at point P.
Point P is the point of
concurrency.
Skew lines
✓ Pair of lines that do not
intersect and are not
parallel to each other are
called skew lines
1. AB and FH are skew lines.
2. CG and EF are skew lines.
Subsets of a Line
✓ Line segment
✓ Ray
Subsets Of Line
Line segment
Subsets Of Line
Line segment ✓ It is a part of a line that
has two endpoints.
Notation:
line segment AB or BA
line segment OP or PO
AB or BA OP or PO
Line segment
1. Name of the line segment.
AB, BC, CD, AC, BD, AD
2. Number of the line segment. 6 line segments
Number of the line segment.
𝒏 (𝒏−𝟏) Where n is the number of
Number of the line segment = points in the given line
𝟐
𝟒 (𝟒−𝟏)
=
𝟐
𝟒 (𝟑)
=
𝟐
=
𝟏𝟐
𝟐
=𝟔
Length of the line segment.
1. AE = 𝟏 − (𝟓) 2. EJ = 𝟓 − (𝟏𝟎)
= −𝟒 = −𝟓
=𝟐 =𝟓
Length of the line segment.
5. EM = 𝟓 − (𝟏𝟑) 6. AM = 𝟏 − (𝟏𝟑)
= −𝟖 = −𝟏𝟐
=𝟖 = 𝟏𝟐
Subsets Of Lines
Ray ✓ A ray has a one fixed starting
point and goes on indefinitely in
one direction.
Notation: ray AB
AB
Number of Rays
Where n is the number of
Number of rays in a line = 𝟐(𝒏 − 𝟏) points in the given line
Where n is the number of
Number of rays in a ray = (𝒏 − 𝟏) points in the given ray
Number of Rays
Where n is the number of
Number of rays in a line = 𝟐(𝒏 − 𝟏) points in the given line
= 𝟐(𝟑 − 𝟏) KJ
KL
= 𝟐(𝟐) JL
=𝟒 LJ
Number of Rays
Number of rays in a ray = (𝒏 − 𝟏) Where n is the number of
points in the given ray
= (𝟑 − 𝟏)
OP
=𝟐
PQ
=𝟒
ANGLES
ANGLES
Angle
✓ An angle is formed by two
noncollinear rays with a
common endpoint.
ANGLES
Angle ✓ Angles are measured in
degrees.
✓ A protractor is used to
find the measure of an
angle.
ANGLES
Angle 90°
✓ Angles are measured in
degrees.
180° ✓ Degrees are the units of
measurement for angles.
ANGLES
Angle
✓ The two rays are called the
sides of the angle
✓ The common endpoint is
called the vertex
ANGLES
Angle ✓ The symbol for an angle is ∠.
It can be named in three
ways:
1. The number assigned to the angle
1 2. Its vertex
3. Its vertex and two other points
✓ The angle above can be named as ∠1, ∠Y, ∠XYZ or ∠ZYX
Kinds of Angles
Acute Angle
✓ It is an angle whose
measure is more
than 0° but less
than 90°.
Kinds of Angles
Acute Angle
Given an angle AOB
measures 45°, which is
less than 90°
Kinds of Angles
Right Angle
✓ It is an angle that
measures exactly 90°.
Kinds of Angles
Right Angle
Given an angle RST
measures 90°
Kinds of Angles
Obtuse Angle
✓ It is an angle that
measures between 90°
and 180°.
Kinds of Angles
Obtuse Angle
Given an angle XUV
measures 120°, which is
more than 90° but less
than 180°.
Kinds of Angles
Straight Angle
✓ An angle that
measures exactly
is180°.
Kinds of Angles
Straight Angle
Given an angle JKL
measures 180°.
Kinds of Angles
Reflex Angle
✓ It is an angle which
measures greater
than180° but less than
360°.
Kinds of Angles
Reflex Angle
220°
Given an angle OPQ
measures 220°.
A. Explore your
surroundings and cite at
least five (5) objects that
represents a point, a line,
and a plane.
B. Describe the following using the terms that you have learned.
1. GH
2. IC
3. AC and BD
4. CG and CA
5. CG and BD
C. Classify the following angles according
to its angle measures.
1. 110°
2. 75°
3. 235°
4.180°
5. 90°
ASSIGNMENT Deadline: April 11, 2023
Create an infographic about the undefined terms in
geometry (a point, a line and a plane), including the subsets
of line and the kinds of angles.
INFOGRAPHIC RUBRIC
50 40 30
All information is detailed, Some information is Little information is detailed,
accurate, relevant, and detailed, accurate, relevant, accurate, relevant, and/or
properly cited; layout is and properly cited; layout is properly cited; layout is
aesthetically pleasing and generally clear and somewhat unclear and/or
appropriate for topic. appropriate for topic not appropriate for topic
