NSTP 1 REVIEWER
(MIDTERM COVERAGE)
MODULE 1: NSTP LAW and XU NSTP
RA 9163 – NSTP Act of 2001; enacted by Former President Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo
NSTP Components – CWTS, LTS and ROTC
Civic Welfare Training Service – enhancing civic consciousness by developing
value of service and commitment
Literacy Training Service – training students to become teachers of basic
literacy and numeracy
Reserved Officers Training Corps – providing military education and training to
students to mobilize for national defense preparedness
Expanded ROTC – conceptualized in 1995
Holistic Development- academic excellence, growth in spiritual life and
commitment to a life in service
CERAE – Context, Evaluation, Reflection, Action, Evaluation
3Cs of XU Mission – Competence, Conscience, Commitment
MODULE 2: IGNATIAN LEADERSHIP
Cura personalis – care for the others
Magis – to do more than what is required
Committed Nationalism – doing activities showing bayanihan
Conscientious Citizenship – exercising the right to suffrage
Compassionate Service – doing activities that shows genuine volunteerism
Poverty – a condition where the people’s needs such as food, clothing, shelter
are not met
Absolute Poverty – a type of poverty where you experience lack of sufficient
resources to secure basic life necessities such as food, clothing and shelter
Relative Poverty- a type of poverty where your source of income is not enough
to sustain your daily living
CONTEXT:
An individual becomes a person for others if he/she possess cura personalis and
loving service for others.
One treat others if they manifest cura personalis by considering the whole person
and embodying Magis.
A person for others is an Ignatian leader if he/she trains people in becoming
leaders where it is a way of proceeding to continue being and doing good.
There is a need to respond to the call or challenge for Ignatian Leadership
because it is our duty to live out our faith and go beyond immediate aid for the
poor (Fr. Geger, 2012).
MODULE 3: CITIZENSHIP
Citizen – a legally recognized subject of a state or an inhabitant of a state
RA 8491 – a legal basis where the core values are a duty of a Filipino to uphold
such as Pagka-Maka-Diyos, Pagka-Maka-Tao, Pagka-Makabansa and Pagka-
Makakalikasan
Citizenship Dimensions (Compass, 2023) – political, social, cultural, and
economic dimensions
Political Dimension - refers to political rights and responsibilities. The
development of this dimension should come through knowledge of the political
system and the promotion of democratic attitudes and participatory skills
Social Dimension - has to do with the behavior between individuals in a society
and requires some measure of loyalty and solidarity
Cultural Dimension - the freedom of expression is encouraged and not infringed
by authorities to allow citizens to celebrate their culture as members of certain
groups
Economic Dimension - concerns the relationship between an individual and the
labor and consumer market
National Motto of the Philippines
(as stated in Chapter III, Section 40 of Republic Act 8491)
Table 1. National Motto of the Philippines
MODULE 4: HUMAN RIGHTS
Human rights – inherent in our nature as human beings
Bill of Rights – Article III of 1987 Constitution
Universal Declaration of Human Rights – declaration established by United
Nations in 1948
Civil Rights- considered as “first-generation” rights which includes the right to
life, safety, and equality before the law
Political Rights - enable individuals to participate in the affairs of the
government.
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - concerns the production, development,
and management of materials for the necessities of life and referred to as
“second-generation” rights
Dehumanization - an act of perceive or treat someone as less human, not fully
human
SEVEN BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Figure 1. Basic Principles of Human Rights
MODULE 5: GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
Gender Stereotyping - process of attributing a set of characteristics, roles, and
traits, favorable or unfavorable based on sex to all members of a social group
(Example: Men will only work to provide the needs of the family while women will
only stay at home doing house chores only)
Gender Sensitivity - awareness of the situation of the other sex, acceptance,
and recognition of the roles and duties
Gender-bias free (gender sensitivity) – example for this is chairman or
chairwoman must be addressed as “chairperson” & saleslady must be addressed
as “sales representative” to avoid issues and discrimination in the long run when
it comes to addressing the role preference of an individual
Gender Socialization - process of learning and internalizing culturally approved
ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving according to one’s gender
Gender & Development - an approach that includes the participation of both
women and men and endeavors to ensure that improvements benefit both men
and women
Gender Gaps – marginalization (economic), subordination (political), multiple
burden and violence against women
Marginalization (economic) - process which forces women out into the
periphery of economic and social life, and decision-making processes
Subordination (political) - one sex is inferior to the other; gender subordination
is the institutionalized domination by men of women in the political and social
sphere
Multiple-Burden - women are involved in the three spheres of work in their
homes doing reproductive roles, in their workplaces doing productive roles, and
in the community doing community management and political roles
Violence Against Women - These are acts of instilling fear and inflicting pain to
injure or abuse a person, usually a woman; legal bases for this is RA 9262 (Anti-
Violence Against Women and Children Act of 2004)
DIFFERENCES ON SEX AND GENDER
Table 2. Differences Between Sex and Gender
MANIFESTATION OF GENDER GAPS
Gender Gap Situations Manifested
Marginalization (Economic) Women are not recognized for
their valuable work
Women have less access to and
control over resources and
benefits
Women receive unequal pay for
work of equal value
Last to be hired, first to be fired.
Subordination (Political) Position: very few women are in
politics and holding a top position
Status: women are considered the
weaker sex
Decision-Making: women are not
included in planning and decision-
making processes
Process of socialization: girls
learn about the role society has in
store for them as daughters,
sisters, wives, and mothers
Men are considered strong,
leaders, and owners, they
dominate and always first
Multiple-Burden Parenting
Housework
Community work
Work in the public sphere/informal
sector
Violence Against Women Jokes, Wolf-whistles
Peeking, “chancing” or making
sexual passes
Sexual harassment
Domestic violence
Rape
Prostitution
Commodification: the act of
treating women as a commodity or
object and not as a person
Table 3. Manifestation of Gender Gaps to Various Situations
OVERCOMING GENDER GAPS
Manifestation of the Gender Gap Principles for a Gender-fair Society
Gender Stereotyping Liberation from stereotyped
images
Non-sexist child rearing
Non-sexist language
Marginalization Equal pay for equal work
Economic independence
Economic opportunities
Subordination Quality participation in decision-
making
Recognition of capabilities
Multiple-Burden Shared parenting
Shared housework
Violence Against Women Freedom from violence
Freedom from harassment
Table 4. Ways of Overcoming Gender Gaps
MODULE 6: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Global Warming – gradual increase of Earth’s surface temperature
Climate Change – change in global weather patterns
Climate Debt - grounds with the ideals of climate justice
Climate Justice - links human rights and development to achieve a human-
centered approach
RA 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
RA 9152 – National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008
Principles of Climate Justice – has four (4) principles namely Support the Right
to Development, Share Benefits and Burdens Equitably, Highlight Gender
Equality and Equity
Support the Right to Development – highlights our true interdependence and
must lead to a new and respectful paradigm of sustainable development
Share Benefits and Burdens Equitably - involves acceptance of common but
differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities for the reduction of
greenhouse gas emissions
Highlight Gender Equality and Equity - women’s voices must be heard and
their priorities supported as part of climate justice; in many countries and
cultures, women are at the forefront of living with the reality of the injustices
caused by climate change.
