Quality Control Attribute consistency- The attributes

associated with a product should be

Quality control is an essential process that
internally consistent.
is used to ensure that products or services
meet the desired level of quality. Importance of Quality Control in
Business:
WHAT IS QUALITY?
 Prevent causing harm to the
“QUALITY IN A PRODUCT OR SERVICE
customers.
IS NOT WHAT THE SUPPLIER PUTS IN.
 Maintaining the high quality
IT IS WHAT THE CUSTOMER GETS
manufacturing to meet the
OUT AND IS WILLING TO PAY FOR.” -
satisfaction of customers.
PETER DRUCKER
 Ensures that the quality of the output
Some attributes used to help define is always the best before reaching to
quality are: the customers.
Freshness - For some products do perish Benefits of Quality Control:
and the quality declines over time.
Vegetables and Fruits are one of a few  Enhance reputation.
example that is highly connected when it  Improve customer satisfaction.
comes to freshness.  Increased efficiency
 Reduce cost.
Reliability – A product's quality frequently  Improve competitiveness.
rises along with its dependability of the
user experience of the product. STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL

Durability – A quality attribute that implies Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a statistical
product or services performance under method used to monitor, analyze, and control
adverse condition. a process over time to ensure that it operates
efficiently and produces consistent results. It
Safety – The quality attribute that
measures the safeness or the likelihood of is a tool for measuring and controlling the
being harmed when using the item. quality of a product or service, using statistical
methods to analyze the data generated by the
Environment friendly – The attribute that process.
describes if the product or performance
service provided are friendly to Importance of Statistical Process Control
environment or doesn’t affect badly the
 Reduces variation.
environment.
 Improves process capability.
Serviceability - This quality has to do with  Early detection of issues
how simple and expensive it is to maintain  Data-driven decision-making
a product after the sale.  Cost savings
Aesthetics - A product's aesthetics can be  Continuous improvement
seen in the way it feels, sounds, tastes,
and smells. Aesthetics are difficult to
define because they depend on the
customer and occasionally the situation.
CONTROL CHARTS IN CONTROL AND OUT OF CONTROL
PROCESSES
Control charts are a graphical tool used in
statistical process control (SPC) to monitor Points beyond the regulated range or non-
and control a process over time. They are random patterns of points indicate an
used to track process performance and uncontrolled process (called special-cause
identify any trends, shifts or abnormalities in variation). No modifications or adjustments to
the process. the process are required if it is under control.

Types of control charts TYPES OF CONTROL PROCESS

 Concurrent control- Identifying and avoiding

 X-bar and R charts
issues when they arise in an organization.
 X-bar and S charts
 Feedback control- to maintain the
 P charts
controlled variable near to its set point.
 C charts
 Feedforward control- an approach for
CONTROL LIMITS rejecting persistent disturbances that
feedback control cannot appropriately
 Written by Dr. Walter Shewhart in 1924. reject.
 The control limits are the indicators in
the control chart if the process is in CONTROL CHARTS FOR VARIABLE
statistical control or out of statistical  For quality improvement
control.  For decisions in regard to product
 It can help to detect the problem in the specifications
process and can dealt with immediately.  To determine the process capability
 The two control limits of the control
TYPES OF VARIABLES CONTROL CHARTS
chart:
 Upper control limit (top horizontal line)  X-BAR CHART
 Lower control limit (bottom horizontal  DELTA CHART
line)
ADVANTAGES
Analysis of Patterns and Controls
 Control charts provide precise instructions
ANALYSIS A careful analysis of something for when to modify a process and when to
difficult in order to comprehend it or identify leave it alone.
its key characteristics: a comprehensive study.  Process improvement is driven by control
taking the time to carefully analyze the issue. charts.
the results of such an investigation.  All kinds of clients accept control charts.
 A written record or chart is provided by
CONTROL A control is something used as a control charts.
standard of comparison for checking the  Control charts provide standard terminology
results of an experiment. A control in this for all staff levels.
experiment would be a plant that was left out
in the sun, under normal conditions, so that
you know how much a regular plant would be
expected to grow.
HOW CAN WE CREATE A CONTROL CHART ROLE OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT
VARIABLE DATA?
 Establishing quality standards
 COLLECT AND CALCULATE SUBGROUP DATA  Ensuring compliance
 CALCULATE THE CENTERLINES AND  Improving processes
CONTROL LIMITS  Reducing waste
 PLOT THE DATA  Enhancing customer satisfaction
 INTERPRET THE CONTROL CHART  Continuous improvement
 TAKE ACTION
IMPORTANCE OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 USE THE CALCULATED LIMITS IF THE
PROCESS IS STABLE.  Customer satisfaction
 Improved efficiency
Checklist - a list of tasks/works that need to be
done.  Cost savings
 Compliance
Tally Chart - a set of tools that collects data  Competitive advantage
using tally marks.  Reputation
Analytic Tools - a type of tool or software that  Continuous improvement
can recover data from businesses. QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
HISTOGRAMS & GRAPHS The International Organization for
 Bar graphs- distribution of data points or Standardization (ISO) has developed a set of
perform a comparison of metric values principles that guide organizations in
across different subgroups of your data. establishing, implementing, and maintaining a
quality management system.
 Line graphs- represent data sequentially
with data points connected by line
segments to highlight trends in the data.
 Pie Chart- can be used to show percentages
of a whole.

Quality Management
Quality management refers to the set of
practices, procedures, and policies that an
organization implements to ensure that its
products or services meet or exceed customer
expectations. It is a systematic approach to
managing quality throughout an organization,
from the initial planning stages through to the
delivery of the final product or service.