PHARMA LAB
ADMINISTERING TRANSDERMAL PATCH
A transdermal patch is a patch that
attaches to your skin and contains
medication.
The drug from the patch is absorbed into
your body over a period of time.
If you'd rather not have a pill or an
injection, a patch may be a more
comfortable option for taking some ADMINISTERING NASAL MEDICATION
medications.
When used correctly, nasal sprays
Mostly Given to patient’s experiencing: canoffer effective relief of allergy
CHEST PAIN symptoms or other conditions,
depending on the type of spray being
EQUIPMENTS: used.
clean gloves However, it is important that patients are
patch clear about the way in which the spray
cotton balls with alcohol should be used.
waste receptacle This helps in both increasing the
soap and water efficacyof the medication and reducing
the risk of side effects associated with
nasal sprays.
EQUIPMENTS:
clean gloves
nasal medication: inhaler, drops or
spray
tissue
face mask
waste receptacle
ADMINISTERING OTIC MEDICATION
Drugs used to treat ear inflammation
and infection can be applied directly to
the affected ears.
Ear drops containing solutions or
suspensions are typically applied only to
the outer ear canal.
Before applying ear drops, people
should thoroughly clean the ear with a
moist cloth and dry it.
EQUIPMENTS:
clean gloves
ear drops medication NEBULIZATION ADMINISTRATION
dropper
waste receptacle A nebulizer changes liquid medicine
into fine droplets (in aerosol or mist
form) that are inhaled through a
mouthpiece or mask.
Nebulizers can be used to deliver many
types of medicines.
PHARMA LAB
The medicines and moisture help control D – Desire dose (doctor’s order)
breathing problems like wheezing and H – Stock on hand (drug preparation)
help loosen lung secretions. Q – Quantity (amount of diluent in cc)
EQUIPMENTS: D
×Q
nebulizer machine H
nebulizer kit: neonate, pedia or TAKE NOTE!!!
adult 1. “Your amount of diluent will vary on
medication: nebule or liquid what hospital you are on duty!” e.g.
clean gloves BBHI – Cefuroxime IV vials they
3 cc syringe uses 7.5 mL (diluent), BPH-Manolo
50ml nss solution (in case of – Cefuroxime IV vials they uses 5
incorporation) mL (diluent) and in some cases
Cefuroxime IV vials they uses
DRUG CALCULATIONS
Medication administration is a core
competency for all nurses in every
clinical setting.
A key skill required to safely dispense
drugs is the ability to perform accurate 10mL.
dosage calculations. 2. “Diluent for AMPULES depends on
New technologies such as bar code its mL!”
administration and smart infusion pumps
have helped to reduce medication errors, REMEMBER!!!
however nurses cannot rely completely -diluent used in ampules depends on how
on these advances. many ML your stock on hand.
PART’S OF THE MEDICATION TICKET
EXAMPLES:
Toprol XL, 50 mg PO, is ordered. Toprol XL is
available as 100 mg per
tablets. How many tablets would the nurse
administer?
SOLUTION:
Step 1: Determine your givens.
Amount desired (D) = 50 mg
Amount on hand (H) = 100 mg tablets
Quantity = 1
Step 2: Plug in what you know into the
formula and simplify.
50 mg
100 mg
DRUG DOSAGE CALCULATION Therefore, the nurse would administer 0.5
Formula: of a tablet.
PHARMA LAB
EXAMPLES:
Oral Dose: STEP 1- Determine the givens.
Cephalexin (Keflex) 750 mg P.O. every 12 STEP 2- Convert pounds (lbs.) to kg.
hours is ordered. The pharmacy stocks 250 STEP 3- Calculate the required dosage (mg)
mg tablets. How many tablets should be of medication based on child’s weight.
administered per dose? STEP 4- Calculate the volume of medication
(mL) to be administered based on what’s
available on hand.
DESIRED AMOUNT (DOCTOR’S ORDER) : QUESTIONS???
> CEPHALEXIN 750 mg TAB TENCHUUUUU….
AMOUNT ON HAND (STOCK ON HAND Your best quote that reflects your approach…
AVAILABLE): “It’s one small step for man, one giant leap for
> CEPHALEXIN 250 mg TAB mankind.”
QUANTITY (FORM/AMOUNT OF DRUG IS - Neil Armstrong
SUPLIED):
> 1 TABLET
SOLUTION:
Intravenous (IV) Dose:
Ampicillin 750 mg to be given IV every 8 hrs.
The vial contains 1 gm. Diluted in 8cc Water
for injection. How much of the drug will you
give?
SOLUTION:
Subcutaneous Dose:
Heparin 7500 units subcutaneous every 12
hours is ordered. The pharmacy provides a
heparin vial with a concentration of 5000
units/mL. How many mL will you need to
administer 7500 units?
DESIRED AMOUNT (DOCTOR’S ORDER) :
> HEPARIN 7500 units SQ q12 hours
AMOUNT ON HAND (STOCK ON HAND
AVAILABLE):
> HEPARIN 5000 units/mL
QUANTITY (FORM/AMOUNT OF DRUG IS
SUPLIED):
> 1 mL SQ
SOLUTION:
Dosage Calculations based on Body Weight
Dosage calculations based on body weight
are required when the dosage ordered and
administered is dependent on the weight of
the patient.
For example, many pediatric drugs are
ordered and given per weight (usually in kg).
Dosage calculations based on body weight
are calculated in two main stages:
Example 1:
Medrol 4 mg/kg is ordered for a child weighing
64.8 lb. Medrol is available as 500 mg/4mL.
How many milliliters of medication must the
nurse administer?
