METRO-DAGUPAN COLLEGES
Serafica Street., Mangaldan Pangasinan
Readings in Philippine History
Module # 1
READINGS
IN
PHILIPPINE
HISTORY
Prepared by:
Brenda L. Aquino
Contact No.: 09216679968
By: Cindy R. Miguel
S.Y. 2021-2022
In your own opinion, what is the meaning of history? Create a concept map on your view of
history
History is the study about our past
History is a knowledge about our past events or past life that we can use in the future
Activity #1: Answer the following questions
1.What is history? Why is it important?
HISTORY-a chronological record of significant events (such as those affecting a
nation or institution) often including an explanation of their causes or a breach of
knowledge that records and explains past events. – Merriam Webster
Why history is important because history help us to know what are the event happened in
the past and give us some information about the past lives of other people
2.What are the critical issues in history? Why are these issues present?
The critical issues in history are the problems of source, knowledge, explanation,
objective, choice of subjects, and the peculiar problems pf contemporary history. The
sources are the one of the serious problems of historian to reconstructing the past.
3.Explain the statement “If history is written with agenda or is heavily influenced by the
historian, is it possible to come up with an absolute historical truth?”
The historian make a written agenda to give us a idea what happened in the past the
historian message or give us information bye using the written history and its possible to
come up with absolute truth yes of course its will cone up with absolute truth because the
historian basis her or him buy using some or the things from the past like bone, testament,
books and others that we called artefacts that gives then the an absolute truth and to be us
to trust them because they have truth and valid information.
4.Identify one specific event in history that has MULTIPLE versions. Write those
versions and state which one you believe. Explain why.
Alexander the Great - Alexander the Great was famous due to his magnificent skill in the
wars and battles. The first person who made India have a contact with western world was
this famous king. Goggle. Com
I believe in this Alexander the great because I read some information about him for
example the he was a very successful General in his time and lead his army in 15 years
and lead to his victory and that why I believe in this history
5.Read the selection below, and write the importance of studying other aspects of
history.
Studying history give us to develop and understand the word which we live and building
knowledge and understand the history events abd trends in the past especial over the past
century, enables us to develop much greater appreciation for current events in the future
or today
METRO-DAGUPAN COLLEGES
Serafica Street., Mangaldan Pangasinan
Readings in Philippine History
Module # 1
Practices/Activities
A. Using the examples of a primary source in this chapter, write your life history and explain
how it qualifies as a primary source.
I consider my birth day as a primary source because all things that happened to me starts
after my birth. I was born in September 6, 2002 and during that time all the information about
have been recorded in a Birth Certificate and with that it serves as my evidence of my birth.
Primary source is the first valid evidence about the past and with my situation my birth
certificate serves as my valid proof of existence.
B. Directions: (Copy and answer) Write true if the statement is true. Otherwise, write false.
1.History is the study of the past. TRUE
2. Historical sources that were not written should not be used in writing history. TRUE
3. The subject of historiography is history itself. TRUE
4. History has no use for the present, thus, the saying”past is past” is true FALSE
5. History is limited to the story of a hero versus a villain. TRUE
6. Only primary sources may be used in writing history. FALSE
7. There are three types of sources: primary, secondary and tertiary sources. TRUE
8. External criticism is done by examining the physical characteristics of a source. TRUE
9. Internal criticism is done by looking at a source’s quality of paper and type of ink, among
others. TRUE
10. The historians are the only source of history. TRUE
Evaluation:
Identification - Directions: Write the correct answer.
1. It refers to the examination of the truthfulness of the evidence. HISTORY
2. It is the practice of verifying the authenticity of evidence by examining its physical
characteristics. EXTERNAL CRITICISM
3. One of the most scandalous cases of deception in Philippine history is THE HOAX CODE
OF KALANTI
4 Who introduced the new guiding philosophy for writing and teaching history (pantayong
pananaw)? ZEUS SALAZAR
5. These are sources which were produced by an author who used primary sources to produce the
material. SECONDARY SOURCES
6. These are sources produced at the same time as the event, period or subject being studied.
PRIMARY SOURCES
7. It is the school of thought that emerged between the eighteenth and nineteenth century.
POSITIVISM
8. It is the school of thought that emerged in the early twentieth century when formerly colonized
nations. POST COLONIALISM
9. Comprises certain techniques and rules that historians follow in order to properly utilize
sources and historical evidences in writing history. HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY
10. Was derived from the Greek word “historia” which mean “knowledge acquired through
inquiry.” HISTORY
METRO-DAGUPAN COLLEGES
Serafica Street., Mangaldan Pangasinan
Readings in Philippine History
Module # 1
B. Direction: Read the following scenarios and classify the sources discovered as primary,
secondary or tertiary sources. Explain your answer
1. Jose was exploring the library in his new school in Manila. He wanted to study the history of
Calamba, Laguna during the nineteenth century. In one of the books, he saw an old photograph
of a woman standing in front of an old church, clipped among the pages. At the back of the photo
was affine inscription that says: “Kalamba, 19 de Junio 1861.”
Primary Sources - are the sources produced at the same time as the event, period or
subject being studied
2. It was Lean’s first day in his first year of college in a big university. His excitement made him
come to class unusually early and he found their classroom empty. He explored the classroom
and sat at the teacher’s table. He looked at the table drawer and saw a book entitled U.G. An
Underground Tale: The Journey of Edgar Jopson and author used interviews with friends and
family of Jopson and other primary documents related to his works and life.
Secondary Sources because are those sources which were produced by an author who
used primary sources to produce the material.
3. Lorena was a new teacher of Araling Panlipunan in a small elementary school in Mauban,
Quezon. Her colleagues gave her the new textbook that she ought to use in class. Before the class
started, Lorena studied the textbook carefully. She noted that the authors used works by other
known historians in writing the textbook. She saw that the bibliography included Teodoro
Agoncillo’s The Revolt of the Masses and The Fateful Years: Japan’s Adventure in the
Philippines,1941-45. She also saw that the authors used Ma. Luisa Camagay’s Working Women
of Manila During the 9th Century and many others.
Tertiary sources because they use textbooks base on our module The classification of
sources between primary and secondary depends not on the period when the source was
produced or the type of the source but on the subject of the historical research. For
example, a textbook is usually classified as a secondary source, a tertiary source even.
4. Manuel visited the United States for a few months to see his relatives who have lived there for
decades. His uncle brought him on tours around Illinois. Manuel visited the Field Museum of
Natural History where a golden image of a woman caught his eye. Manuel looked closer and
read that the image was called “The Golden Tara”. It originated from Agusan del Sur and was
bought by the museum in 1922. It was believed to be made prior to the arrival of the Spaniards in
the Philippines.
Primary sources because studied a certain historical subject
5. Gregoria loved to travel around the country. She liked bringing with her a travel brochure that
informs her of the different sites worth visiting in the area. Her travel brochure was usually
produced by the tourism department of the province. It shows pictures of destinations visited by
tourists and a few basic information about the place like origin of the name, the historical
significance of the place and some other information acquired by the office’s researchers and
writers
Tertiary sources why because the information she do is writing base on our module a
historian chooses to write the history of education in the 1980’s he can utilize textbooks
used in that period as a primary source. If a historian wishes to study the historiography
of the Filipino-American war for example, he can use works of different authors on the
topic as his primary source as well.Both primary and secondary sources are useful in
writing and learning history.
METRO-DAGUPAN COLLEGES
Serafica Street., Mangaldan Pangasinan
Readings in Philippine History
Module # 1
C. Read the following articles. Identify which is REAL and which is FAKE by using various
sources. Cite the sources that you used to prove or disprove which article is real or fake.
Article #1:
IATF APPROVES NO-COST ALTERNATIVE TO
MOTORCYCLE BARRIERS
AUGUST 4, 2020
MANILA, Philippines (The Adobo Chronicles, Manila Bureau) – Responding to a public outcry
against its new rule requiring a barrier between motorcycle driver and spouse/partner rider, the
Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF) has approved a third, no-cost
alternative to prevent the spread of Covid-19.
Earlier, the IATF required motorcycle drivers to mount a plexiglass barrier to separate them from
authorized back riders (limited to spouses or partners living in the same household). It also
approved a backpack-type barrier to be worn by the driver.
Many citizens protested the new rule, citing both safety and extra cost to motorcycle owners.
During an emergency meeting held today in Malacañang, the IATF approved a third option that
will not cost a single penny to motorcycle owners.
The alternative involves the motorcycle rider facing away (opposite direction) from the driver to
prevent exposure to possibly-infected respiratory moisture or droplets. The new rule still requires
both driver and ride to wear a face mask. Proof of marriage or cohabitation must also be
presentation at checkpoints, or when stopped by law enforcers. The people have spoken. IATF
has listened.
THIS ARTICLE IS FACT
Reference: Pol Pinoy. (August 4, 2020). IATF Approves No-Coast Alternative to Motorcycle
Barriers.
https://adobochronicles.com/2020/08/04/iatf-approves-no-cost-alternative-to-motorcycle-
barriers/
METRO-DAGUPAN COLLEGES
Serafica Street., Mangaldan Pangasinan
Readings in Philippine History
Module # 1
Article #2
MinDA’s Piñol to IATF: suspend motorcycle barrier rule
By MINDANEWS - JULY 25, 2020 8:05 PM
DAVAO CITY (MindaNews / 25 July) — The Mindanao Development Authority (MinDA) has
asked the Inter-Agency Task Force on COVID-19 to suspend its policy requiring barriers for
people riding motorcycles in tandem is “impractical, expensive and oppressive, and
discriminatory.” Deadline for installing barriers is on July 26.
In a July 23 memorandum addressed to IATF chair Health Secretary Francisco Duque and co-
chairs Karlo Alexei Nograles and Roy Cimatu, Secretary Emmanuel Piñol, MinDA Chair, said
that in Mindanao, the barrier will be an “added financial burden on poor families whose only
means of movement is the motorcycle.”
Piñol said it is impractical because “it does not serve its intended purpose of protecting the
motorcycle rider from any supposed transmission of infectious disease” but will even be a
“present danger to both the rider and the back rider since it would be difficult for them to adjust
with a contraption in between them.”
“This could lead to an increase in the number of vehicular accidents since it would be difficult
for the rider to maneuver the motorcycle,” he said.
He said it is expensive and oppressive and will be an added financial burden “on poor families
who use motorcycles for livelihood and transport.” The excessive fines for violators, he said,
“could open a new window for corruption.”
Piñol explained that the policy is discriminatory because “the concern on the possible
transmission of COVID 19 virus between two people traveling together is only focused on
motorcycle riding but ignores the fact that those traveling inside air-conditioned private cars face
greater risks.”
“I consider myself a field operative heading an agency which is well-grounded thus it is my duty
to provide feedbacks to our policy makers,” said Piñol who used the hashtags
#GovernanceIsCommonSense! and #touchgroundfeelthepulse! on his Facebok post on his memo.
“The Motorcycle Barrier Policy is an added financial burden which will affect efforts to restart
the economy in Mindanao, as well as in other rural areas of the country where the motorcycle is
the main vehicle for transport and livelihood,” he said.
On Thursday, the Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers (PSME) warned that the
motorcycle barrier “may contribute negatively to safety, health, economy and environment.”
It explained in a position paper that the barrier will “contribute to the change of the designed
allowable aerodynamic forces (drag and lift), which will compromise the stability of the
motorcycle” and “place the safety of the riders at risk.” (MindaNew)
THIS ARTICLE IS FACT
References: Mindanao News. July 25, 2020. MinDA’s Pinol to IATF: suspend motorcycle
barrier rule.
https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2020/07/mindas-pinol-to-iatf-suspend-motorcycle-
barrier-rule/
