Bell’s equation for cohesive back fill.

Stability of retaining wall, earth pressure on sheet piling

and bulkheads.
Stability of slopes. Causes of slope failures. Stability analysis by Swedish and friction circle
method for total and effective stresses, Taylor’s method. Stability under sudden drawdown
condition, Remedial measures.
One-dimensional consolidation of soil, Consolidation test. Terzaghi’s one-dementional
consolidation theory and its use in predicting rate of settlement. Total and differential
settlements. Over consolidated and normally consolidated soils.
Site investigation. Depth of exploration. Distributed and undisturbed samples. Types of samples.
Brief description of procedures of boring and sampling. Depth, number and extent of bore holes
for various structures.
Soil stabilisation, Mechanical stabilisation with lime, cement, bitumen, hydroscopic and water
proofing chemicals. Electrochemicals and thermal stabilisation.
Deep Foundation: Types, functional classification of piles. Pile load capacity by dynamic and
static formula. Pile load test, group effect, well foundation in detail.
Foundation in black cotton soil. CBR Test and its application. Sub grade modules and its
determination

B.E. III Petroleum Engineering – VIth Semester

PE 351 A: Petroleum Production Operations II

Introduction: Objective, scope and outcome of the course. Oil Surface Production Facilities:
Gathering and collection of oil and gas: GGS, CTF and GCS - layout, sequential treatment, and
safety features.
Field Processing of Oil & Gas: Flash and stage separation of oil & gas, oil & gas. Design of Oil
& Gas separators. Demulsification, dehydration, stabilisation and desalting of crude oil.
Dehydration and desalting of gas.
Storage of Petroleum and Petroleum Products: Types of storage system, Design of storage tanks
as per API and ASTM codes, Metering and Measurements: Metering of oil & gas, Orifice and
other metering devices and systems. Multiphase flowmeter. Sampling and Testing of crude oil.
Water and sediment determination. Work Over- Workover Rigs: Types & selection, Workover &
Completion Fluids.
Well Stimulation - Type & description of stimulation techniques, Design of matrix acidization
and acid fracturing. Design of hydraulic Fracturing

PE 352 A: Health Safety & Environment

Health Hazards in Petroleum Production Refining and Utilization: Toxicity, Physiological,

Asphyxiation, respiratory and skin effect of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (including mixtures), sour
gases (eg Hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide etc) with their thresh-hold limits. Effect of
corrosive atmosphere and additives during acidizing, sand control and fracturing jobs etc.
Safety System:
Hazards analysis, developing a safe process, failure mode analysis, safety analysis (API-14C)
safety analysis function evaluation chart (synergic approach). Manual & automatic shutdown
system, blow down systems. Gas detection system Fire detection and suppression systems.

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Personal protection systems & measures. HSE Policies, standards & specifications
Disaster & crisis management.
Environment: Environment concepts, impact on eco-system, air, water and soil.
The impact of drilling & production operations on environment, Environmental transport of
petroleum wastes.
Offshore environmental studies, offshore oil spill and oil spill control.
Oil mines regulations and other environmental legislations. Environmental impact assessment.
Waste treatment methods, waste disposal method, remediation of contaminated sites.
PE 353 A: Advance Reservoir Engineering

Introduction: Objective, scope and outcome of the course. Relative permeability: Fractional flow.
Well performance – inflow performance, tubing performance. Material balance equation:
Generalized Oil & Gas MBE and its modifications, applications.
Reservoir drive mechanism: Water drive, partial water drive, depletion drive, gas cap drive, gas
expansion, solution gas, rock drive, gravity drainage, combination. Decline curves for drive
types, predicting reservoir drive mechanism, Drive Mechanism and recovery factors, production
behaviour of oil & gas reservoirs, Performance prediction of depletion drive, gas cap drive, water
drive and combination drive.Water influx : Classification of aquifers, steady and unsteady state
water influx models, Reservoir pressure maintenance techniques, their advantages and
limitations Well performance: Vertical and horizontal oil wells, Vertical and horizontal gas
wells. Gas and water coning: Coning in vertical wells, breakthrough time and after breakthrough
performance, coning in horizontal wells, breakthrough time Reservoir Management: Reservoir
management process, reservoir management team, downhole monitoring and acquisition,
management of continuous data stream, integration of data to subsurface model, immersive
visualization systems, intelligent completions, rigless intervention, improved performance
through field life. Benefits of reservoir management – case examples.

PE 354 A: Petroleum Refining Engineering I

UNIT I
Exploration and Refining of Crude Oil : Introduction, Indian and world reserve of crude oil and
its processing capacity, Market demand & supply of petroleum Fractions. Exploration, Drilling
and Production of crude oil; engineering data of crude and fractions. Characterization factor, Key
Fraction Number and correlaton index methods for evaluation of crude & fractions. TBP, ASTM,
EFV, and their inter-convertibility, yield Curve etc.
UNIT II
Desalting of crude, pipe still furnaces, preflashing operation, Atmospheric and vacuum
distillation units, different types of Reflux arrangements, Calculation of tray requirement for
ADU column. Test methods and specifications: Distillation, Aniline point, Reid vapour pressure,
Smoke point, flash point fire point, Carbon residue, viscosity and viscosity index, refractive
index, Copper & silver strip corrosion, Octane No, cetane No, sulphur content, calorific value,
Total acid number, oxidation stability, cloud point, pour point etc.
UNIT III
Thermal conversion Processes: Thermal cracking processes – mechanism, applications e.g.
visbreaking, thermal cracking, coking operations, Catalytic Conversion Processes : Catalytic
cracking processes, Different FCC operating modes, Catalytic reforming operations, Hydro

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cracking, Simple process calculations.
UNIT IV
Thermal Polymerization, Isomerization processes, Alkylation, Catalytic Polymerization for
gasoline stock preparation.
UNIT V
Finishing & Treatment processes : Different Hydrotreatment (eg. Hydro desulfurization)
processes, Merox process, Doctor‟s sweetening, Smoke point improvement, etc. Simple process
calculations Alternative fuels, Production and Specifications: Synthetic gasoline, Bio Diesel,
Ethanol, Automotive LPG

TEXT BOOKS
1. Petroleum Refinery Engineering – W.L. Nelson, Mc Graw Hill.
2. Modern Petroleum Refining Processes – B.K. Rao. Oxford & IBM.
REFERENCES
1. Petroleum Refining Technology – Dr. Ram Prasad, Khanna Publishers. 2. Advanced
Petroleum Refining: Dr. G. N. Sarkar, Khanna Publishers.

PE 355 A: Petroleum Formation Evaluation

Petrophysical measurements to sub-surface engineering.

Indirect Methods: SP and resistivity logs, radioactive logs, acoustic logs (principles, types of
tools, limitation and applications). Evaluation of CBL/ VDL, USIT, SFT, RFT.
Production Logging: Introduction, type of tools, principles, limitations and applications.
Special Type of Logging Tools: Casing inspection tools (principles, application and limitation),
Formation micro scanner (FMS), DSI, NMR logging principles. Logging in high-angle wells.
Log Interpretation and Analysis Techniques.
a) Standard log interpretation methods.
b) Cross-plotting methods: neutron-density, sonic-density and sonic-neutron etc.
c) Clean sand interpretation
d) Concepts of invasion – RXO, Tornado charts.
e) Shaly sand interpretation

B.E. IV Petroleum Engineering – VIIth Semester

PE 401 A: Petroleum Refining Engineering II

UNIT I
CRACKING: Need and significance, types and functions of Secondary Processing. Cracking,
Thermal Cracking and Visbreaking. Different Feed Stocks, Products Yields, Qualities and
Recent Development. Catalytic Cracking, Commercial Catalyst, Feedstock and Catalytic
Cracking Conditions, Types and Processes- Fixed Bed Cracker, Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC),
Flexi Cracking.
UNIT II
CATALYTIC REFORMING: Theory, Reaction Conditions and Catalyst for Catalytic
Reforming, Platforming, Houdri Forming,Rhein Forming, Power Forming, Selecto Forming.
Ultra Forming and Rex Forming.Naphtha Cracking, Feedstock Selection and Effect of Steam.

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