wn os woree >-MMIPMent. Act “0H -eTIals are such ree transmitted to the foun dition hay the a ileal iy : “uch as rubber, cork, felt, Metallic spr; OM the gibration control devices are Sometimes useq for Vibration isolati PRIN j etc. Active rber has already been mentioned. On. The function of vibration, golved Examples : : { 5.1 Figure 5.22 shows a vibrating system having two degrees of freedom. @) natural frequencies of ratio of amplitudes of the motion of m, and m, for the two modes of vibration, Given : m, = 1.5 kg, m, =0.80 kg k,=k,=40N/m | Fig. 5.22260| MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS Solution. Let at any instant masses m, and m, are having displacements x, and x, Tespectivey Equations of motion can be written as m X= — kx, +k (q 1) Myk_ =— ky (xz -%1) Assuming the solution of the form x,=A,sinot and x, =A, sinot So above two equations can be written as (k, + ky ~ 0m JA, — kA, =9 (k - 0%, )Ay — kA, =0 Ake ky = mo? Ay ky +k; —mo cS The frequency equation can be written as (ky + ky — 0°) (ky — myo?) ~k? =0 or ot (eh Plesk og mt mm =40N/m and m,=15kg; m, =80 kg ot +( 40) 42 40x40 15«.8 o* - 103,33 0 + 1333.33 =0 Putting k, @, =9.39 rad/sec and 0, =3.88 rad/sec The amplitude ratio = —__"@___-__40 : Kk, +ky—mo? 4044-15039) ~~0-765 and AL 40 A, 40440-15888) | _ Baxample 5.2 Solve the problem shown in Fig. 5.23 m,=10kg, m, = 15 kg and k=3, i/m 10) Solution. The equations of moss mii, +5, 2) =07 ‘Assuming the solution 0 x, =A, sin ot; x2Example 5.2 Solve the problem shown in Fig. 5.23 m, = 10 kg, m, = 15 kg and k=320 N/m : @1u, 2010 Yv Solution. The equations of motion can be writtenss x, XL. ' fi ° mx, +K(x, -x,)=0; MX + k(x, —x,)=0 pom EW] om | Assuming the solution of the form x, =A sin wt ; x, = A, sin wt ) Fig. 5.23 =m? A +A, ~ Ay) =0 mor A, +k A, - A,)=0TWO DEGREES OF FREEDOM System | 26] Amplitude ratio A ak —mo A, k-mo k The frequency equation is obtained as k_ _k-mo* k-mo k ot — atk +m) _9 mm, a? + my) _ mm, So @=0 and = km, +m) _ [32000+15) 7 49 ad) sec. mm, 10x15 siane af motion for a system shown in Fig. 5.23. 2 Dana© alan oa, ex, : &, ky kal, —x,) 2 a," O%2 (4 - 5.) ‘The second equation ; a may be obtained by substituting the above values in Lagrange’s Maka + (G+ 62 + (ky + ky), ~ ah 5g +28, +22, - 3, -, <0 EAGT TF 535 on dcr motor generator ets hon. Find the natural frequen and amplitude ratios of the principal modes. 2% 20 (PT, 2010) Solution. In the figure a shaft of torsional stiffness k, carries two discs of moment of inertia I, and 1. At any moment the angular displacements of discs is @, and 0, from a certain | point. The differential equations of motion can be written as 1,0, =k,(®, ~ 8.) 1,0, =~k,(0, ~0,) Rearranging the equations 1,0, + &,8, =4,0,, 1,0, + k,0) =k, 0, Let us assume the solution for principal mode of vibration as 6, = @ sin ot, 8, +4, sin wt 8, =-0'% sinew, 8, = - w6, sin wt The equations of motion can be written as Fo sin at + k,4 sin ot =k, ¢, sin wt Po, sin ot +k, sin wt =k, > sin wt (- ha? +k) =k, Lye? + ky) = ky 1, -@? hk, + @'I,1, =0se TWO DEGREES OF FREEDOM System | 279 I, @=0 and a= Les i) hla The torsional stiffness of the shaft k, can be calculated from Strength of Material formula T_GO =Z a‘ aa and T 32 (2) (when @, =0) \ 2 )__b i. hs) oe) oh 7G Example 5.21 Calculate the natural frequency of a shaft of diameter 10 cm and length 300 cm carrying, two discs of diameters 125 cm and 200 cm respectively at its ends and © weighing 480 N and 900 N respectively. Modulus of rigidity of the shaft may be taken as 1.96 10" N/m? (P.U. 93 ; M.M. Uni., 2013) Solution. d=10 cm, 1=300cm, d, =125cm, d; =200 cm i it, The system is shown in Fig. 5.26 , ie - Haas - 9.56 kg -m? ™ W, | Fig. 5.36 m 132 d* =n /32 x(.10)* =9.81x 10% m‘, 00cm, G=1.96x 10" N/ m2] 1.96 x 10" x9.81x10* x, Ze = =6.402666 x 10° N-m/rad k, (i, +1) _ [6.402666 x 10° « (9.56 + 45.87) aun 9.56 x 45.87 a = fyo Gt = ES — 453 Hz or cps.MIM UR, +h, /ky (h+hyt, Twat masses of weigh 400 N cach nd radius of gyration 40cm ae keyed to the ee °pPosite ends of a shaft 60 cm long. The shaft is 7.5 cm diameter for the first 25 cm of 1s length, 12.5 cm diameter for the next 10 cm and 8.5 cm diameter for the remaining Of its length. Find the frequency of free torsional vibrations of the system and position Of mode. Assume G=0.84x 10" N/m. Solution. The system is shown in Fig. 5.37. = 46.6 cm ——_ (Roorkee Uni, AMIE)oo co ee : -(&) _ 0.8410" ay x 025 ** 75) 10"* =1043% 10° N-m/rad p, -0BAx1OM x Fe , te 0.10 = ee) *107* =201.2 «10° N-m/rad x10" g,, -084x10 =—__— x2 4 x 10-8 = > N- 5, 025 te «10 17.2x10° N-m/rad Ls k,,,andk,, are connected in series, so equivalent stiffness of shaft For the system I, =I, =I (say) Ww So I= k? =x 00 re) =6.524 kg-m? g - 6.29x 10° x2 \ 6524 Since I, = [,, so the node will lie in the middle of the equivalent shaft. Let us find the length of equivalent shaft Leh l (2) +h (4) -2-mo(Z5) +25(23) =41450n ‘The middle of equivalent shaft is 20.72 cm from the left hand side. = 439 rad/sec