12V Buzzer Security Alarm System using SCR TIC
116 and BC547
Adriane Kyle B. Pansacala Darius C. Baraga
College of Engineering, Pamantasan Lungsod ng Pasig College of Engineering, Pamantasan Lungsod ng Pasig
Alkade St. Kapasigan, Alkade St. Kapasigan,
Pasig City Pasig City
Philippines Philippines
LEDs and resistors R3 and R4 are configured in
parallel.
Royce Gem H. Data
College of Engineering, Pamantasan Lungsod ng Pasig
Alkade St. Kapasigan,
Pasig City
Philippines
Abstract—Security alarms are vital in different
establishment notably banks, with the use of switching
characteristics of SCR, this paper will showcase security
buzzer alarm with the application of switching characteristics
of transistor and SCR, this ideal switching is vital for the
alarming of buzzer and LED as alarm indicators.
Keywords—SCR, buzzer, diode, resistors, transistors, LED,
switches.
I. INTRODUCTION
In an increasingly interconnected world, safeguarding
our homes and businesses has never been more crucial.
The thefts in the public places like shops, banks, treasuries
etc. are rising day by day. With the emerging of
technology, we use different kind of alarm system that
operates by using different new electronic devices. SCR is
one of the devices that can control high power and
voltage. This document will provide a circuit design
Fig. 1. 12V DC speed control circuit
example of a security alarm system using SCR employed
as switch to activate the alarm system. The circuit will use B. Design Components
transistor, resistor and diode for biasing the SCR and
sounding the alarm. This security alarm is designed to be The following are the name of the components and its
used to as an alert system for the possible theft. This alarm quantities used in the design.
can be used in residential, commercial and industrial
where the reporting area for alarm is very big for guard 1 pc 12V DC Power
against robbery and as an instrument for individual 1 pc BC547 Transistor
protection against intruders. 1 pc TIC 116 SCR
2 pcs 1.8kΩ ½W 5% tolerance carbon film
resistor
II. DESIGN 2pcs 4.7kΩ ½W 5% tolerance carbon film
resistor
A. Circuit Schematic Diagram
1 pc Push button switch
The design comprised of mostly semiconductor 1pc 12V Buzzer
devices, resistors and buzzer as a load. The SCR’s gate 1pc 1N4007 Diode
terminal is connected to the emitter side of the
transistor. The base of the transistor is in series with a
diode and a switch. Resistor R2 is parallel with the C. Circuit Operation
transistor and diode. The collector of the transistor is The following are the individual components, their
connected to resistor R1 .The buzzer is the load of the purpose, use in the design and their connection in the
circuit:
circuit and is connected to the positive side before the
SCR. After the anode part of the SCR there is two
1. BC547 Transistor: A BJT NPN transistor that REFERENCES
acts as a switch to trigger the gate terminal of the [1] “Application of Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR): Security Alarm
SCR. The transistor has 3 terminal pins. System,”www.youtube.com.https://youtu.be/gJFJp9brrW4?
si=ZikLYbTeAD6pB0os (accessed Oct. 28, 2023).
i. Collector: the collector is the 1st pin of the [2] T. Agarwal, “Thyristor Based Sensor Alarm System, Working and
Applications,” ElProCus - Electronic Projects for Engineering
transistor that has a n-terminal (-). Students, Feb. 06, 2018.
ii. Base: is the crucial pin in the transistor. It
acts as the control terminal of the NPN
transistor. Applying the required voltage to
the base terminal makes the transistor turn
on.
iii. Emitter: the terminal pin that produces the
output of the transistor. It connects to the
gate of the SCR to turn on or off.
2. TIC 166 SCR: An electronic switch that allows
current to flow from anode to cathode when a
small control current is applied to the gate
terminal, making it a latching switch for power
control. It acts as a switch to the circuit that
allows the buzzer and the LED to alarm. It has 3
terminal pins; the anode, cathode, and the gate
terminal.
i. Gate: the gate terminal has a important role
to the SCR. It acts as a control terminal to
the SCR. The gate terminal is connected to
the transistor that allows the SCR to turn on.
ii. Anode: the anode where the current enters. It
is connected to the Buzzer and the LEDs.
Due to a sufficient amount of voltage
entering to the gate, the SCR is on
conducting mode. Allowing the buzzer and
the LEDs to alarm.
iii. Cathode: the cathode is where the current
exits to the SCR. It is usually connected to
the ground.
3. Diode: The diode acts a one-way valve. It allows
the current to flow in a one-direction. As the
diode connected to the circuit, it helps the SCR to
turn off. The diode helps the positive charge
from the base (+) of the transistor to the cathode
(-) of the SCR. Giving it a series opposing affect
to the circuit.
D. Output
Referring the fig. 1. The output voltages across the loads
in the circuit can be measured by using voltmeter. The
voltage source is at 8V. The voltage across the buzzer is at
4.39V when at on-sate. While, at off-state is at 70mV. The
voltage across the 2 parallel LED is 2.59V when at on-
state, while at off-state the voltage is 280mV. When
closing the switch, the circuit will be operating and be at
on-state, thus the buzzer should alarm and the 2 LED will
turn on and lit.
III. CONCLUSION
The Silicon Control Rectifier (SCR), can be used for
many devices. SCR can be a use with other electronics
devices such as transistors to change the way it operates,
also SCRs plays a vital role in electronic system that
concerns with alarm systems such as fire alarms and
security alarms.
