Key Words etized for a long time ys magnetized sot which stays Permanent Magaets - Is an object w ster a magnet is called ayy, rial which is attracted by i i ete ny netic Materials - A matel s, Headphones: © Magnets are useful things. © Examples: Door bells, Pencil box * They can be used to attract other oe etic materials © Some materials are magnetic mal . . ¢ Examples Iron, most types of Steel, Nickel, Cobalt and Neodymium * Some materials are non- magnetic materials oe * Examples: — Aluminium, Tin, Paper, Wood, Plastic 2. Magnetic Poles Words Magnetic Force - The force that pull or push by magnets towards the materials Magnetic Poles _- The ends of the bar magnets © A bar magnet’s magnetism is Strongest at the poles, ¢ The poles are called the North Pole (N) and the South Pole (S). ¢ North Pole of a bar magnet can be identified by hanging it freely with a thread * Its one end tums towards north, : Magnet rules; © Like poles (same poles) are repel, (push each other away) * Unlike poles (different Poles) are attract each other,Written Work : 3- Magnetic Field Patterns Key Words Magnetic Field -- The area around a magnet where it can attract a piece of magnetic material is called a magnetic field. Magnetic Field Lines — The lines are drawn to show the direction and strength of the field are called magnetic field lines. e A magnet is surrounded by a magnetic field. © Magnetic field is invisible. e There are two ways to show the magnetic field around a bar magnet. o By using iron fillings — can see the pattern of the field. o By using plotting compasses- can identify the direction of the field. e Magnetic field lines are represented the magnetic field of a bar magnet. e They are imaginary lines. e They start from north pole to south pole. e Arrows of the lines show the direction of the field. If the lines are closest together, magnetic field is strongest in that place.* Acompass needle (magnetized) points north-south because the Earth has a magnetic field Activity — Draw the diagram to show magnetic field lines-Text Book Pg.No. 166 4- Making an Electromagnet e An electromagnet is simple to construct. © It is needed only a coil of wire and a battery. © It works using electricity and it can be switched on and off. When an electric current flows through the coil of wire, the coil becomes magnetized. e Anelectromagnet can be made stronger by; o Adding an iron core © Making a coil with more turns of wire o Increasing the electric current by connecting more batteries. An ammeter is used to measure electric current in amps(A). © The current makes the magnetic field. This magnetic field is similar to field of a bar magnet. An electromagnet has a north pole at one end and a south pole at the other end. Whenever an electric current flows, there is a magnetic field. An electromagnet is a clever idea because, by winding the wire into a coil it can be concentrated the magnetic field into a smaller space and making it much stronger.