CHAPTER 1 (CHARACTER FORMATION)
Introduction
Character is a psychological notion that refers to all the habitual ways of feeling and
reacting that distinguish one individual from another. Sigmund Freud had a sustained interest in
the question of character formation, since it touches on the major themes that interested him:
"anatomo-physiological destiny," memory traces, and, more generally, the role of acquired traits,
as well as the function of sublimation with regard to the "remains" of the pregenital libido.
In The Interpretation of Dreams (1900a), Freud defined character in relationship to the
unconscious: "What we describe as our 'character' is based on the memory-traces of our
impressions; and, moreover, the impressions which have had the greatest effect on us—those of
our earliest youth—are precisely the ones which scarcely ever become conscious" (pp. 539-540).
This definition posits character as a sort of memory, a collection of traces. Five years later, in
Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905d), Freud emphasized individual psychic activity:
"
A. What is Character Formation?
It is derived from greek word “charassein” referring to an engraving instrument;
originally used of a marked impressed upon a coin or the mark cut by it. Then it was applied
to a distinctive mark of a personality; and gradually, to the sum total of such mark, each
individual one is being called characteristics.
It is a trademark of being a person.
Character Building
It is the process by which the individual, through interaction of biologically transmitted
predispositions with the environment, develops stable pattern of functioning, thinking and
feeling.
the different Contributing Factors of Character Formation?
The following are different contributing factors of character formation:
1. Parental Influence- is the most important of all the factors responsible for personality
development.
2. Home Environment- home as cradle of human character and personality largely
contribute to the character formation of a child.
3. School Environment- to perfect the total development of a childs character and attitude,
besides the home environment, a childs school environment too
plays a major role in shaping the childs personality.
4. Culture- everyone has different character and values because of the
different cultures where everyone is exposed
C. What are the five (5) Factors that determine the Character Personality Traits?
Five Factors that Determine Character or Personality Traits
1. Openness
2. Conscientiousness
3. Extraversion
4. Agreeableness
5. Neuroticism
What are the different General Types of Character Formation?
General Types of Characters:
1. Positive Character
2. Negative Character
3. Neutral Character
1. Positive Character- Positive character traits are those things that draw us to other
people. When someone is generous, kind, energetic, or optimistic they
exude energy that attracts others. Of course, who wouldn’t want to spend
time with a warm, open, and loving person?
Now, when we turn the mirror back on ourselves, many times we notice
not-so-positive character traits…things like jealousy, selfishness,
immaturity, or greed. These can all be changed. If you are not getting the
results you want in life, the first place to look is at how you are interacting
with the world.
Positive character traits can be developed in ourselves. There is a simple,
three step process to integrate a new positive trait into your life.
2. Negative Character- The majority of people would consider the character traits
described below to be "bad" or “negative”. However, "bad" or
“negative” is defined by the culture in which one lives. For
example, for a priest "aggressive" might be a negative trait while
for a soccer player or salesman, it is usually a desirable trait.
Negative personality adjectives
angry
bewildered
clumsy
defeated
embarrassed
fierce
grumpy
3. Neutral Character - A neutral character does what seems to be a good idea. She doesn't
feel strongly one way or the other when it comes to good vs. evil or
law vs. chaos. Most neutral characters exhibit a lack of conviction or
bias rather than a commitment to neutrality. Such a character thinks of
good as better than evil-after all, she would rather have good neighbors
and rulers than evil ones. Still, she's not personally committed to
upholding good in any abstract or universal way.
Some neutral characters, on the other hand, commit themselves
philosophically to neutrality. They see good, evil, law, and chaos as
prejudices and dangerous extremes. They advocate the middle way of
neutrality as the best, most balanced road in the long run.
Neutral is the best alignment you can be because it means you act
naturally, without prejudice or compulsion.
Neutral can be a dangerous alignment when it represents apathy,
indifference, and a lack of conviction.
D. What are different Pillars of Good Character?
1. Trustworthiness - This is the pillar of good character that is considered the most
complicated of the six core ethical values.
Honesty
Truthfulness
Sincerity
Candor
Integrity
Loyalty
2. Reliability- This pillar of good character takes into consideration the reliability.
Avoid faith excuses
Avoid unwise commitments
Avoid unclear commitments
3. Responsibility- They exhibit the ability to respond to expectations.
4. Fairness
5. Caring
6. Citizenship
E. What is the definition of Character Traits?
1. Self-realized character - a person with this type of character is ever enthusiastic for
he knows his potentialities and limitations.
2. Covetous Character- this refer to a jealous or acquisitive character
Having the desire to possess something
3. Superstitious Character- in a way that all are superstitious but when were over
superstitious then problem starts.
4. Egoistic Character- the person thinks that worlds runs due to him and
everything and everybody should respect him as such.
5. Anti-social Character- a person who neither cares for the norms set by the society
nor cares for the moral or ethical values is an anti-social
character.
6. Insincere Character- when a person does something good for us, we express our
sincere thanks and go extra mile in being sincere to that
person in whatever way it is possible for us. Contrarily, a
person who thinks others is there for serving him and is
without any warmth feelings for others.
7. Complacent Character-
F. What are the different character traits?
1. Alertness - being aware of what is taking place around.
2. Attentiveness - showing the worth of a person or task but giving undivided
concentration.
3. Availability - making own schedule on priorities secondary to the wishes
of those being served.
4. Benevolence - giving to others basic needs without the motivation for
acquiring personal rewards.
5. Boldness - confidence that what is say or do is true, right and just.
6. Cautiousness - knowing how important right timing is in accomplishing
right actions
7. Compassion - investing whatever is necessary to heal the hurts of others.
8. Contentment - realizing that true happiness does not depend on material
conditions.
9. Creativity - approaching a need, a task, or an idea from a new
perspective.
10. Decisiveness - the ability to recognize key factors and finalize difficult
decisions.
11. Deference - limiting freedom so not to offend the tastes of others.
12. Dependability - fulfilling what is consented to do, even if it means
unexpected sacrifice.
13. Determination - purposing to accomplish right goals at the right time,
regardless of the opposition.
14. Diligence - investing time and energy to complete each task assigned.
15. Discernment - understanding the deeper reasons why things happen.
16. Discretion - recognizing and avoiding words, actions, and attitudes that
could bring undesirable consequences.
17. Endurance - the inward strenght to withstand stress and do the best.
18. Enthusiasm - expressing joy in doing and accomplishing each tasks.
19. Faith - confidence that actions rooted in good character will yield
the best outcome, even when its not personally observed.
20. Flexibility - willingness to change plans or ideas according to the
direction of the authorities.
21. Forgiveness - clearing the records of those who have wronged and not
holding a grudge.
22. Generosity - carefully managing resources to be capable of freely giving
to those in need.
23. Gentleness - showing consideration and personal concern for others.
24. Gratefulness - letting others know by ones words and actions how they
have benefited ones life.
25. Honor - respecting those in leadership because of the higher
authorities they represent.
26. Hospitality - Cheerfully sharing food, shelter, or conversation to benefit
others.
27. Humility - acknowledging that achievement results from the
investment of others in ones life.
28. Initiative - recognizing and doing what needs to be done before being
asked to do it.
29. Joyfulness - maintaining a good attitude, even when placed with
unpleasant condition.
30. Justice - taking personal responsibility to uphold what is pure, right
and true.
31. Loyalty - using difficult times to demonstrate commitment to those
being served.
32. Meekness - yielding personal rights and expectations with a desire to
serve.
33. Obedience - quickly and cheerfully carrying out the direction of the
superior.
34. Orderliness - arranging self and surroundings to achieve greater
efficiency.
35. Patience - accepting a difficult situation without giving a deadline to
remove it.
36. Persuasiveness - guiding vital truths around anothers mental roadblock.
37. Punctuality - showing esteem for others by doing the right thing at the
right time.
38. Resourcefulness - finding practical uses or that which others woud overlook
or discard.
39. Responsibility - knowing and doing what is expected
40. Security - structuring ones life around that which cannot be destroyed
or taken away.
41. Self-control - rejecting wrong desires and doing what is right.
42. Sensitivity - perceiving the true attitudes and emotions of others.
43. Sincerity - eagerness to do what is right with transparent motives.
44. Thoroughness - knowing what factors will diminish the effectiveness of
ones work or words if neglected.
45. Thriftiness - allowing oneself and others to spend only what is
necessary
CHAPTER 2: Filipino Traits and Characteristics
Introduction
Filipinos has one of the best in world one of you must know. Although they have been
colonized by several countries, a core value from their ancestors remained intact and is still
applied to this time. Filipinos are not perfect, but they have great characteristics and qualities
every one of them must be proud of.
A. The Most Well- Known Traits and Attitude of the Filipino
POSITIVE TRAITS
1. Hospitality- hospitality is a trait displayed by every Filipino, characterized by heart-
warming generosity and friendliness exhibited to foreigners and local
alike.
2. Respect- this is often observed not just by younger people-but also by people of all
ages. In the Philippines, respect for one’s elders is a tradition.
3. Strong Family Ties and Religion- Filipinos value their families so much that they tend to
keep families intact through the generations.
4. Generosity and Helpfulness- Aside from being hospitable, Filipinos are also well known
from being generous. They share what they have to the
people around them even when they only have little.
5. Strong Work Ethics - another good thing most Filipinos have is being hardworking
people. They are always willing to work almost the whole day to
provide the needs of their families.
6. Loving and Caring- because of their generosity, hospitality and religiosity, Filipinos are
found to be the sweetest and most loving people in the world.
NEGATIVE TRAITS
1. Fatalism- when Filipinos are facing difficulties and shortcomings they have this
attitude of leaving it up to God to sort things out.
2. Procrastination - true blooded Filipinos have the attitude of causing delays in accomplishing
things or making transactions.
3. Crab Mentality- this is an attitude of some Filipinos where they tend to push each
other down to clear the way for their own gain.
4. Hypocrisy- this is a trait of Filpino where criticisms to others’ failure to live with the
moral standards of the society are inevitable. In the Philippines morality is
highly valued, most of us try to live up to the standards set by the
traditional society. However, as no one is perfect many of us are not able
to sustain these standards.
5. Ningas Cogon- most of the Filipinos are very good at the start when doing something.
Nevertheless, after a few hours of days. That exitement to to do
accomplish something is lost and e become too lazy to finish what were
have been started.
6. Tardiness- referring to persons that we are waiting or who keeps on coming late to the
set time schedule of events. It brings negative impression to our people.
7. Gossiping- Filipinos are fond of talking about others’ business. It is not true that only
women are into gossiping. Even men can also be nosy on other people’s
lives.
8. Blaming- Filipinos can sometimes be too self-righteous. This shows how
irresponsible we are in our actions. This attitude destroys teamwork, and
realiability becomes an issue.
9. Selfishness- this could be an outcome of having too many problems that Filipinos are
facing and the tendency is to focus on their own need first before others.
10. Disobedience to Simple Rules and Instructions- some Filipinos, despite of the
understanding of the purpose of laws and ordinances have inability to
observed and follow them.
11. Attention Taker- Filipinos are fun and people loving race. Thus, attracting attention is
natural for them. Nevertheless, it is a different tthing to be an “epal” or
“kapalmuks” – simply, being an attention grabber or seeker.
12. Being Onion-skinned- another habbit or attitude that we need to change is our being too
proud which usually results to being oversensitive.
13. Living beyond their means- one of the reasons why a lot of Filipinos live in poverty is
because of overspending.
Since, most people want to live an elite lifestyle, many
resort to social climbing or living beyond their means.
14. Passivity- Filipinos lack of initiative for change is also one reason
why our country does not progress.
15. Other Negative Traits
B. Filipino Values Orientation
Values Orientation – is the approach that may influence work or social
relationships by persons relating to objects, events and
ideas.
C. Four (4) Main Obligations underlying Filipino Value Orientation
1. Pakikiramay
2. Pakikisama
3. Bayanihan
4. Galang
D. Three Main Traits Underscoring Filipino Values
1. Personalism – Filipinos valued interpersonal relationship. It is firmly believed that
harmonious personal relationship is the key to successful endeavours.
2. Familialism – Filipinos are family oriented. Decision on matters is centered on the
welfare and best interest of the of the family rather than on the betterment
and interest of individuals.
3. Particularism – displayed behaviour by the individuals may it be good or bad is blamed
against the family.
Learning Task 1:
1. Read the following resource materials. (Module or E-resources)
a. Filipino Traits and Characteristics. https://www.wattpad.com/19719649-philippine-
history-filipino-traits-and
b. Pinoy Life: 8 Classic Filipino Traits and Characteristics. https://owlcation.com/social-
sciences/Filipino-Traits-and-Characteristics
2. What Filipino traits are you proud of?. 15 Filipino Traits that Make the Philippines Fun to
Visit. https://www.7stonesboracay.com/15-filipino-traits-that-make-the-philippines-fun-to-visit/
Reference:
https://www.wattpad.com/19719649-philippine-history-filipino-traits-and
https://www.slideshare.net/12071989/filipino-traits-and-characteristics-30717747
https://www.wattpad.com/19719649-philippine-history-filipino-traits-and
https://owlcation.com/social-sciences/Filipino-Traits-and-Characteristics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_values
https://www.slideshare.net/12071989/filipino-traits-and-characteristics-30717747
