November 2023 Volume XIII Issue V 102

ELECTRICAL MIRROR
An Outlook of The Electrical & Power Industry
www.electricalmirror.net
 Case Study

Er. P.K.Pattanaik, is presently working with OPTCL as General Manager, EHT (O&M) Circle Bhubaneswar
- Odisha and associated with the Protection and Control schemes of Electrical systems.
Having 29 years of technical experience on various HT and EHT voltage level in the field of transmission
sector. Specialization on the development techno-economical design of protection control schemes for
system development and planning. At present involved with various on-going projects on GIS, SAS and
updated Remote SCADA control stations of OPTCL.
–Author–
Er. P.K.Pattanaik
VARIOUS CASE STUDIES ON
Case OPERATION AND CONTROL
Study SCHEMES FOR GRID SUB-STATION
Contd….
1. Introduction: For the last few months, the response of the readers to the case studies
on various incidents is overwhelming. Hence this month we are again choosing the write up
on similar kind of studies for developing the synchronisation of practical observation to the
theoretical concepts. The analysis of each incident being supported by actual observations
had been described during the situation to add awareness amongst the operation, testing and
commissioning engineers to know the cause of problems and be helpful for easy rectification of
the problems. This can also help to develop economic schemes for the smooth running of the
operation and control system in the Grid Sub-Station.

72 ELECTRICAL MIR R OR || November 2023 || www.electricalmirror.net

 2.1. SITUATION: 2.2. SITUATION:
Low IR issue of a tension long rod insulator One of the 220 KV DC Transmission line was
of 132 kv main bus at one 132/33KV Grid sub tripping frequently during Lightning condition,
station. resulting with snapping of insulator strings in
some instances.
Observation
Arching was getting observed near the beam of TASK
132 kv main bus tension insulator during rain 1. Thorough Line Patrolling is needed to be
TASK done
Task was framed to check the IR value of the 2. Proper Thermo-Vision scanning and
long rod insulators at the related point and also binocular scanning is to be done .
the total BIS 3. Earth Resistance measurement and attempt
for TFR reduction
ACTION AND ANALYSIS
4. Ensuring the proper ground clearance as
well as line clearance 33KV line
5. Cleaning of Corridor.
6. Physical verification of availability of earth
pit
Action and Analysis:
Affected LR 1. After proper patrolling of line, it has been
Insulator found that thermo scanning & binocular
Fig 1.1. Affected
scanning is found to be ok.
LR insulator
2. No Vegetation growth was found
• Meggering of all three-phase tension long
rod insulator was done and it was found that 3. But it has been noticed that , for some tower
one of the long rod insulators was having the earth pits are not available .
low IR value. So due to rain IR value of the 4. Estimate has been prepared for new earthing
long rod insulator further reduces resulting .
ionized induction path, with consequence of 5. After issue of Work order, Work has been
arching . completed as per the WO.
• The low IR long rod insulator was replaced Technical Analysis:
by high IR long rid insulator.
Due to non-availability of earth pit at many of the
RESULT AND RECOMMENDATION towers and less number of earth pits as a whole,
No flickering observed after changing the long during lightning, it was getting developed with
rod insulator and timely action also saved the certain potential on the Towers. So, Flashover
grid from main bus insulator puncture, due to was resulting and in consequence causing
which a major blackout was avoided. snapping of insulators.

www.electricalmirror.net || November 2023 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR 73

 Case Study

Result and Recommendations: more than 30 kms are present, which was
1. After Completion of eathing work at required passing through forest area.
place, the tower footing resistance is improved. 2. The team was formed for individual feeder
2. From that period onwards tripping due to inspection and patrolling with DISCOM
lightning got drastically reduced. representative.

3. Regular line patrolling is needed and 3. After thorough patrolling, Various problems
measurement of tower footing resistance was found which may be the cause of tripping
should be done for healthiness of the line. such as Vegetation clearance, phase to phase
clearance and bird touching the line issues etc
Status of 220 KV Feeder Trippings from
the year 2019-2023 4. Instruction was given to attend the problems as
soon as possible to DISCOM representatives.
Year No. of Tripping 5. Continuous reminder for Fault Free Zone
2019 12 Certificate (FFZC) was given to follow up the
procedure.
2020 9
Technical Analysis:
2022 7
CASE STUDY

1. Due to max. no. of trippings, the 24*7 un-

2022 0
interrupted power supply was hampered.
2023 0
2. Frequent operation of Breaker and Isolators
2.3. SITUATION: 33 Frequent tripping of 33KV deteriorates the life span of the equipment.
Feeders at 220/33KV Grid Sub-Station.
3. Increase in HOT-SPOT was noticed due to
TASK regular tripping of feeders.
1. The frequent tripping brought to the notice
4. Regular and frequent maintenance was also
of DISCOM wing for finding the root cause.
increased due to this cause
Joint inspection was scheduled for thorough
patrolling of each 33 KV Line up to 5 kms. 5. The net revenue is also affected due to
Starting from Grid end by Transmission and frequent tripping
Distribution wing. 6. Hesitation among public may also arises.
2. Various problems were found which may Result and Recommendations:
be the cause of tripping such as Vegetation
clearance, phase to phase clearance and bird 1. After knowing the cause of tripping, the
touching the line issues etc. rectification was done and problem was
completely rectified.
3. With Proper Co-ordination, Investigation on
Relay Setting of respective feeders at Grid 2. Now the Tripping of 33KV Feeders is reduced
end and remote end DISCOM structure end to 95% .
was done. 3. Regular FFZC should be done monthly and
Action and Analysis: joint verification with DISCOM representative
is recommended to reduce tripping. EM
1. This grid is the only power source to the
entire locality with 09 nos. of 33KV feeders
and Maximum nos. of feeders with line length

74 ELECTRICAL MIR R OR || November 2023 || www.electricalmirror.net

 Year 2019 2020 2021 2022
Month Nos. of Tripping Nos. of Tripping Nos. of Tripping Nos. of Tripping
January 45 47 43 21
February 43 49 34 18
March 38 45 41 14
April 41 55 48 22
May 53 42 39 14
June 54 59 41 19
July 39 46 38 16
August 56 52 49 23
September 61 59 55 28
October 35 31 27 31

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November 38 29 31 33
December 31 26 23 11
TOTAL 534 540 469 258

Status of 33 KV Feeder Trippings from the year 2019-2023

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