MCP101 Project
Height Adjustable Table
Group C
Wednesday FN
Table of Contents:
Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
CAD Model…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5
Raw MaterialsTimeline and
Procedure……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7
Timeline and Procedure………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
Theory for the Processes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………15
Machine and Tools used……………………………………………………………………………………………………..16
Areas of Impovement………………………………………………………………………………………………………....17
Individual Contributions……………………………………………………………………………………………………..18
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Acknowledgement
First and foremost, we extend our heartfelt thanks to our project supervisor and TAs for
their invaluable guidance and expertise throughout the duration of the project. Their vision
and insightful suggestions played a significant role in shaping the direction and scope of
our work.
We also appreciate the ongoing support and encouragement of our course coordinator
Prithviraj Mukhopadhyay along with other IIT Delhi faculty members'. Their dedication for
creating a supportive learning atmosphere has been crucial in developing our abilities and
knowledge, preparing us to meet the project's challenges.
Last but not the least we would like to extend our warm gratitude to each of the team
members including ourselves who have worked as a single unit throughout the process.
The team had faced multiple challenges in planning , designing and construction which
were accompanied by solutions from one or another. This teamwork of our group needs to
be acknowledged sincerely.
A final word of gratitude for our institution, IIT Delhi for providing us with this brilliant
opportunity to showcase our individual skills as well as team spirit.
Warm Regards.
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Introduction
The objective of this report is to present the process and outcomes of our
project, highlighting the design considerations and technological aspects. We
aim to provide a solution that offers users the flexibility to seamlessly switch
between different heights according to the user’s convenience.
The dimensions we decided were inclusive of both practical use, easy
manufacturing and handling. The maximum height we chose is suitable for
using the table as a die/podium while giving speeches. The mid height is
suitable for using the table as a dinner/bedside/work table.The lowermost
height of the table is ideal as a study table as it matches well with a sitting
chair.
Also, our product highly aids the people who suffer from postural problems
and are medically advised to use a standing desk from time to time
Also we decided not to make the model too small as it would not only kill the
practical use of the table but would also introduce micro level defects during
manufacturing.
We know explain our methods and experience while making this project in
the following pages.
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Model
Isometric view:
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Side view:
Top and Bottom View:
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Raw Materials and Dimensions
TABLE TOP: 60 cm X 60 cm X 0.5 mm GI Sheet
BODY (Cuboids):
Upper Body : 85cm X 50cm X 0.5 mm GI sheet
Lower Body : 85cm X 65cm X 0.5 mm GI sheet
ANGLES: 30cm X 10cm X 0.5mm X 4 (No. of pieces) GI sheet
Ls: 12cm X 6cm X 0.5mm X 8 (No. of pieces)
TABLE BOTTOM: 40cm X 40 cm X 3mm MS sheet
SCREWS: 1cm (diameter) X 25 cm (height) X 2 (number)MS Rod
HEIGHT VARIATIONS:
Minimum : 80 cm
Medium : 92.5 cm
Maximum : 105 cm
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Timeline and Procedure
WEEK 1:
We started off our project by thinking of how our table should look like and by what
mechanism should we make it height adjusting. After much deliberation, we decided to use
the rod-in-hole mechanism to create our table. In deciding the shape and structure of our
table, we carefully thought about how each part would be connected to the other and
whether or not we will be able to find suitable material for the same. Having done this, we
drew an isometric view of our table and then decided upon the dimensions of each part of
the table i.e. those of the cuboids, dimensions of the table top and bottom, lengths of the
angles for support, positioning of the angles and also that of the holes. We also thought
well as to which material should be used for which part. In a nutshell, our first week went
into ideation.
(Brainstorming different models)
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WEEK 2:
After getting the job form signed, we got the GI and MS sheets. As per the dimensions
decided earlier, we marked the GI sheet with a pencil and cut it according to our need. The
first part we made was the table base. After that, we cut the GI sheet for the cuboidal part
and marked positions of the holes to be made. We also cut the GI sheet into rectangles to
create the table supports. Some of those rectangles were then bent to form an ‘L’ while
others were bent to form an angle with the help of the bending machine.
(machines used for cutting operations)
(machine used for bending out sheets into appropriate shapes)
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WEEK 3:
Holes were made in the rectangles cut for cuboid using the drilling machine which were
then bent to form a cuboid using the bending machine. The two edges of the cuboid were
joined together using spot welding and riveting. The second cuboid was also made in a
manner that ensured smooth sliding of the two cuboids.
(drilling machine and drill bit used - 16mm)
(Spot welding setup)
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We also received a rusted rod from the machine shop and cut it to the required size using
the power saw in the Fitting shop. We then used sandpaper and files to smooth out the
surface, removing the rust and giving it a smooth finish.
(power saw used for cutting, files used for removing sharp edges)
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WEEK 4:
Angles and supports for the table top and bottom were spot welded onto the cuboids.
Following this, the bottom of the table was joined to the supports by spot welding. The
table top was cut as per the decided dimensions and its edges were made smooth by
bending them inwards. The holes made were adjusted so that the rods go through them
together at the same level. Using the mallet and the snip tool we finished the edges and
the sliding mechanism.
(snip and mallet used for manual adjustments of holes and mechanism)
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WEEK 5:
We finally assembled all our parts and used M Seal to make our body sturdy as it was
somewhat wobbly. We then checked for all the joints and ensured the smooth functioning
of our rod in hole mechanism. We also used M Seal to make the holding end of our rods for
easier use.
(Finished rods)
(M Seal used to prevent wobbling)
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Finished Table
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Theory for the Processes used
1. Spot welding
is a process used to join two or more metal parts together by applying heat and pressure at
specific spots. It involves placing the parts between two electrode tips and passing a high
electric current through them, causing localized melting and fusion. This method was used
to fix the middle part. It was also used in joining the L-supports and angles to connect the
middle part to the table top and base.
2. Cutting
is a fundamental process used to separate materials into desired shapes or sizes. We cut
the GI sheet to a table top, middle part, angles, L-supports etc.
3. Bending
is a manufacturing process used to deform a material, typically a sheet metal, to achieve
desired angles or shapes. It involves applying force to the material, causing it to deform and
adopt the desired form. We bent cut-out pieces of GI sheet into L-supports and angles.
4. Drilling
is a machining process used to create holes in solid materials, primarily metals and wood. It
involves rotating a cutting tool called a drill bit and applying axial force to penetrate the
material. Drilling can be performed manually using handheld drills or automated through
drill presses or CNC machines. We used drilling to make slots to adjust the table’s height.
5. Riveting
is the act of fastening or securing two plates with one or more rivets. The rivet comprises a
shank with a plain end (or tail), and a head on the other end. The rivet has proved to be one
of the most reliable and safe means of fastening, forming a permanent and structurally
robust join. We used rivets to join the bent cuboids.
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Machines Used
1. Spot welding machine : Spot Welding machines use a
method called resistance spot welding to join overlapping
metals between two electrodes using electrical resistance.
Squeezing the workpieces between the electrodes applies
pressure, and the passage of welding current through the
resistive metals generates heat. This allows the materials to
bind together and form a welding joint. Spot welding has its
name as the current is applied precisely over a small area on
the metal's surface. The resistance spot welding equipment can
be in the form of stationary or bench-type welding machines, portable spot or
robotic welding guns, and multi-head spot welding machines designed for different
applications. Here at Dahching we have a wide range of spot welding machines and
resistance welding equipment to choose from.
2. Manual sheet metal cutting machine : Manual
machines are most effective and accurate in
cutting as they are used in fabricating and sheet
metal machine operations. They are excellently
designed in withstanding large loads, making
work easier, cost effective, and more efficient.
The manual optimizes quality in cutting low angle
, thinner steels and thicker steel plates cutting
with high extreme accuracy and reliability. They
are suitable for cutting delicate metals such as copper and aluminum. It is
applied in making fragile objects such as electrical fittings, furniture making
and electronic circuits.
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3. Drilling machine : The drilling machine or drill press is one of the most common
and useful machine employed in industry for producing forming and finishing holes in
a workpiece. The unit essentially consists of:
A spindle which turns the tool (called drill) which can be advanced in the workpiece
either automatically or by hand and A work table which holds the workpiece rigidly
in position. It’s working principle is that the rotating edge of the drill exerts a large
force on the workpiece and the hole is generated. The removal of metal in a drilling
operation is by shearing and extrusion. We used drilling machines from two shops,
i.e. machining and fitting :
FITTING SHOP MACHINING SHOP
4. POWER SAW: A power saw is a type of cutting tool that is
driven by a motor or engine, allowing it to generate the
power needed to cut through various materials. Power
saws are commonly used in construction, woodworking,
metalworking, and other industries where precise and
efficient cutting is required. We used this to cut our screws
from the iron rod.
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Major Tools used:
Scribber Drill Bit
MALLET FILE
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AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT
We put our hands in such a project for the first time, hence the product didn’t
come out to be properly finished. So a big area of improvement of our product
would be in this sector. Things like the following could be improved by us:-
a. The slots and holes could have been done in a better manner by using
springs and proper micro level measurements so that there is no need for
manual adjustments to align the holes later.
b. We could have made channels inside the cuboids for easy insertion of the
rods giving them a channel to move.
c. Both the screws could have had threads and be connected using a metal
plate. This would have made the usage more convenient.
d. The angles should have been made from a heavier material (>1mm GI
sheet) to provide proper support.
e. The base plate we obtained was not completely flat and this introduces
some degree of instability to the assembly.
f. Seam welding rather than spots (using L joints) would have provided
better structural support.
g. We could have attached 4 legs underneath the base and adjusted the
height of each leg so that our assembly came out to the perfectly
horizontal.
h. We could have also attached wheels with locks for easy transportation of
the table.
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INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION
Tatsam Ranjan Sharma (2022MT61969):
1. Drew a rough outline of the project alongside the mechanism for adjusting the height.
2. Decided the appropriate width and nature of the material to be used and marked the
dimensions for the body.
3. Decided to add another column of holes with an extra rod as it provided better
structural support.
4. Used the power saw to cut the rods provided to the right dimensions which were very
difficult to cut using other tools.
5. The rods given were extremely rusted and I used filing operations and sandpaper to
remove the highly sharp edges and give the surface a smooth polished finish, making it
ready for use.
6. Spot welded the L joints on the body and attached it to the table top to improve the
structural balance and making the table sturdier and more practical to use.
7. Used M Seal to make knobs of the rods for easy handling of the table.
8. Used the mallet and snip tool to manually adjust the misaligned holes on the 2 cuboids,
leading to a smoother adjusting of the height.
9. Edited the Project Report, putting together everyone’s work, typing “introduction”,
placing and labelling pictures appropriately alongside the text.
Aayush Rastogi (2022CE11530):
1. Operated machines such as drill machine, mechanical and automatic shearing
machine, Resistance Spot Welding.
2. Helped in Ideation Process.
3. Cutting and Marking Sheets.
4. Making Rectangular Slots on Main body for support screws.
5. Snipping and Filing edges for a smoother finish.
6. Application of M-Seal for added support.
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7. Bended right angles out of Sheet Metal to support body of the table.
8. Made the “workshops used” section of the project report.
TANYA JAIN(2022MT11935):
1. Did wholesome work in preparing project report.
2. Marking proper dimensions on the sheets whenever needed.
3. cutting the sheets using machines in finished way.
4. created holes slots via drilling.
5. setting proper dimensions for angles and cutting accordingly.
6. bending the angles at the appropriate slope required by the project.
Adarsh Singh (2022MT11285)
1. Decided a mechanism for the height adjustment by eliminating other mechanisms,
from their pros and cons.
2. Figured out the appropriate heights of the table. Thus decided the dimensions of all
the individual parts.
3. Cut the sheet into individual sheets, of their proper dimensions to be used at their
places.
4. Cut and bent the sheet metals, into angles and Ls providing the table for a better
support.
5. Drilled the sheet metal first and then bent it in right angles, as required for the
formation of the lower and upper body.
6. Spot welded and riveted the open ends of the body, to make it a cuboid.
7. Made the inventor model of the project that is applied on the report as well as the job
forms.
8. Held the angles while spot welding them to the top and body, and bottom and body
respectively, so that there is no air gap, and thus giving a robust joint.
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ADVAIT KARNATAK (2022TT12129):
1. Involved in ideation process.
2. Marked and cut the GI sheets for table top.
3. Made angles for extra support.
4. Cut the angles to fit in the table top.
5. Gave the idea and bent the edges of the table top/
6. Proper movement of meterial.
7. Gave the idea to apply m-seal for stability. Applied m-seal.
8. Responsible for the “theory for the processes used” section of the report.
Yashika Gulati (2022BB11386)
1)Helped in ideation of the project to decide as to how the table should look like along with
setting appropriate dimensions.
2) Took charge of retrieving the required amount of raw material(mainly GI and MS sheet)
from the workshop.
3) Marked the GI sheet with appropriate dimensions and further cut them accordingly.
4) Bent the GI sheet to make angles and supports using the manual bending machine.
5) Came up and implemented the idea of using m-seal to ensure the table becomes sturdy.
6) Wrote the section of 'Timeline' in project report.
BHASKAR ROY (2022CE11046):
1. Helped in proposing the design of the project.
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2. Helped in joining various parts through Spot Welding.
3. Helped in creating holes on the body.
4. Applied M seal to increase stability of the Table.
5. Filing of slots to make them smoother.
6. Contributed in making the “Raw materials used” and “Introduction” section of the
report.
7. Helped in the drilliung operations for making holes in the body.
Manish Meena (2022CH11035):
1. Helped in operating machines such as drilling machine and resistance welding machine.
2. Helped in making holes and slots.
3. Applied m-seal.
4. Helped in cutting sheets.
5. Help in filing of edges to make them smoother.
Syed Nabhan (2022PH11842) :
1. Filing of edges for a smoother finish
2. Assisted in marking and cutting of GI Sheets
3. Assisted in operating machines during spot welding and while using the drilling
machine
4. Assisted in designing the project and project report
5. Applied M-Seal
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Shiv Ratn (2022AM11816)
1. Contributed in planning of project introducing various possible mechanisms for the
project.
2. Assisted in drilling and spot welding.
3. Assisted in smoothening and size adjustment of slots
4. Helped in making “Acknowledgement” section of the project report.
Sakshi Patel (2021CH70461)
1. Assisted in marking and cutting of metal sheets.
2. Helped in ideation process.
3. Helped in applying M Seal.
Namitha S (2022TT12158):
1. Assisted in marking and cutting of metal sheets.
2. Helped in ideation process.
3. Helped in applying M Seal.
Shreyas Supnekar (2022CE11575):
1. Assisted in designing the project.
2. Assisted while using drilling machine.
3. Assisted in cutting of GI Sheet.
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