Experiment Name: Basic
Switch Configuration and IOS
examination commands.
Experiment No.: 3
Introduction:
Cisco switches run on proprietary OS known as Cisco IOS. IOS is a group of commands used for
monitoring, configuring, maintaining cisco devices. For security and easy administration, IOS commands are
divided in the set of different command modes. Each command mode has its own set of commands. Which
commands are available to use, depend upon the mode you are in. Use following table to navigate between
different switch command mode.
Command to exit Command to enter Prompt Purpose Mode
Allow you to connect with
Default mode after booting. remote devices, perform
Use exit command Login with password, if Switch> basic tests, temporary User EXEC
configured. change terminal setting, list
system information
Allow you to set operating
parameters. It also includes
Use enable command from user Privileged
Use exit command Switch# high level testing and list
exec mode EXEC
commands like show, copy,
debug.
Use configure
Contain commands those Global
Use exit command terminal command from Switch(config)#
affect the entire system Configuration
privileged exec mode
Use exit command to return Use interface type Contain commands those
Switch(config- Interface
in global configuration number command from global modify the operation of an
if)# Configuration
mode configuration mode interface
Use exit to return previous
Create new VLAN or
mode. Useend command to Use vlan vlan-id from Global Switch(config- VLAN
configure, modify, delete
return in privileged exec configuration mode vlan)# configuration
existing VLAN.
mode.
Line configuration
commands modify the
Use exit command to return Use line vty line_number operation of a terminal line.
Switch(config- Line
in global configuration [ending_line_number]from Line configuration
line)# configuration
mode. global configuration mode commands always follow a
line command, which
defines a line number.
Types of memory:
Generally Cisco routers (and switches) contain four types of memory:
1. Read-Only Memory (ROM): ROM stores the router’s bootstrap startup program, operating
system software, and power-on diagnostic test programs (POST).
2. Flash Memory: Generally referred to simply as “flash”, the IOS images are held here. Flash is
erasable and reprogrammable ROM. Flash memory content is retained by the router on reload.
3. Random-Access Memory (RAM): Stores operational information such as routing tables and the
running configuration file. RAM contents are lost when the router is powered down or reloaded.
By default, routers look here first for an Internetwork Operating System (IOS) file during boot.
4. Non-volatile RAM (NVRAM): NVRAM holds the router’s startup configuration file. NVRAM
contents are not lost when the router is powered down or reloaded.
Objective:
• To become familiar with the basic configuration of the Cisco switch .
Equipment used:
Cisco Packet Tracer program.
Experiment procedure:
First: Basic switch commands.
Step 1: Cable a network. Cable a network that is similar to the one in the topology diagram.
Create a console connection to the switch.
Step 2: Click on PC0 > Desktop > Terminal. Enter privileged mode.
Step 3: Enter global configuration mode, here we can assign a name to the switch.
Step 4: Enter config-line mode for the console. Set the login password to 0000.
Step 5: In the global configuration mode, we can set a login message of the day.
notice that the message must be between two '$' signs or two '#' signs.
Step 6: In the global configuration mode, set the privileged mode password to 1111.
And if we want to cancel it.
Here is the result for these steps:
Second: IOS examination commands (Trouble shooting).
Step 1: Examine flash memory. Issue one of the following commands to examine the contents
of the flash directory.
Step 2: Examine the current switch configuration (Examine RAM memory).
Press Enter to show more.
Step 3: Examine the startup configuration file (Examine NVRAM memory).
To view the contents of the startup configuration file, issue the show startup-config
command in privileged EXEC mode.
This message appear because NVRAM has nothing to show.
To save the contents of the running configuration file to non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), issue
the command copy running-config startup-config.
Now display the contents of NVRAM using the show startup-config command.
Set the enable secret password to class. This password protects access to privileged
EXEC mode.
Now when we show RAM contents, the password will be encrypted.
We can encrypt all passwords by a single command.
Second: Interface commands.
all ports in a switch are open by default, if we want to shut down a port, we can use the
shutdown command. And if a security violation occurs and the port is shut down, we can use the
no shutdown command to reactivate it.
