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Methods of Weed Control

There are 4 main methods of weed control: cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical. Cultural control involves manually removing weeds by hand or with tools and has advantages like being low cost and effective but has disadvantages like not providing immediate control. Biological control uses animals to control weeds in mature tree crops but the animals may also eat desired plants. Mechanical control uses machinery like slashers between crop rows but is mainly used at large, accessible sites. Chemical control sprays herbicides but chemicals can negatively affect soils, plants, and the environment through pollution and killing beneficial insects.

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182 views1 page

Methods of Weed Control

There are 4 main methods of weed control: cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical. Cultural control involves manually removing weeds by hand or with tools and has advantages like being low cost and effective but has disadvantages like not providing immediate control. Biological control uses animals to control weeds in mature tree crops but the animals may also eat desired plants. Mechanical control uses machinery like slashers between crop rows but is mainly used at large, accessible sites. Chemical control sprays herbicides but chemicals can negatively affect soils, plants, and the environment through pollution and killing beneficial insects.

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METHODS OF WEED CONTROL

WEED CONTROL – is the process of removing weeds from the farm.


Importance of Weed Control - Weed control is considered to be one of the most significant factors
causing a massive economic loss in the farmland productivity of several countries. If unmanaged and
appropriate control measures are not applied, the hardy and invasive weeds, either native or exotic,
can lead to huge economic loss in the long run.
4 main ways of weed control
1. Cultural control – this is the process of removing weeds manually, usually with the hand,
cutlass or hoe.
a. Weeding by hand: this is the removal of tall weeds in the farm by the farmer using his
hands.
b. Weeding with a cutlass: This is the process of uprooting weeds using a cutlass
c. Weeding with a hoe: this is the process of uprooting small weeds with a weeding hoe.
Advantages of cultural control:
1. Low cost for weed control
2. Easy to adopt
3. No residual Problem
4. Technical skill is not involved
5. No damage to crops
6. Effective weed control
7. Crop-weed ecosystem is maintained
Disadvantages of Cultural Method
1. Immediate and quick weed control is not possible
2. Weeds are kept under suppressed condition
3. Perennial and problematic weeds cannot be controlled
4. Practical difficulty in adoption

2. Biological control – this process involves using animals to feed on the weeds on a farm of
tree crops that are fully grown, such as citrus orchard, rubber plantation and palm plantation.
One disadvantage of this method is that the animals may also eat and destroy the wanted
plants in the process.

3. Mechanical control - Some weeds can be controlled or suppressed by mechanical means,


such as slashing and ploughing. However, machinery weed control is usually only used at
larger, accessible sites. Slashing can help keep down competitive weeds between rows of
planted trees, until the seedlings grow large enough to form a canopy.

4. Chemical control – in chemical control, chemicals called weedicides or herbicides, are


sprayed on the far, to kill the weeds. The chemical used must be one that will not destroy the
plant we want to protect. The spraying must also be done such that the person spraying does
not breathe the chemical.

Effects of chemical control of weeds on the soil and the environment.


1. Some chemicals used for weed control may affect some soil nutrients negatively by their
reactions.
2. Some chemicals may affect the stems of some fruits and seeds of plants.
3. Chemicals can kill useful insects, such as the butterfly, bee and moth.
4. Some chemicals may pollute the air we breathe in.
5. Some chemicals may pollute water bodies, such as streams, dams and lakes.

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