Synology Synology NAS User's Guide Pr Based on DSM 6.0 Document ID | Syro_UsersGuide_NAS_20160307Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager instal Synology NAS and DSM. Sign into DSM DiskStation Manager Desktop. Open Applications and Packages with Main Menu Shutdown, Restart, Logout or Manage Personal Options Chapter 3: Modify System Settings Use Control Panel Change Network Setings Join Wireless Network Modity Regional Options Use Energy Saving Features Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks Check System Information View System Logs Monitor System Resources, ‘Analyze System Usage Scan System Settings Deploy High-Availailty Solution Automate Tasks Update OSM or Restore Defauits Receive Event Notifications ‘Access Applications with Independent Login Index Multimedia Files for Applications. Reset Admin Password Reinstall Synology NAS Enable SNMP Service Enable Terminal Services. Chapter 5: Manage Storage Space Volumes and Disk Groups Repair Volumes or Disk Groups Change RAID Type. Expand Volumes of Disk Groups. RAIDIFile System Scrubbing SSO TRIM iSCSI Targets and LUNs. Manage Hard Disks SSD Cache 10 au 13 14 45 15 16 18 19 20 20 a a 2 2 23 23 23 23 ey a 2a 2s at a7 28 29 29 29 30 31Hot Spare Manage External Disks Chapter 6: Manage Storage Space with RAID Groups Manage RAID Groups. Change RAID Types Repair RAID Groups Expand RAID Groups RAIDIFile System Scrubbing Manage Volumes Repair Degraded Volumes sso TRIM Manage iSCSI LUNS. Manage iSCSI Targets Manage Hard Disks Hot Spare Storage Overview SSD Cache Manage External Disks Chapter 7: Access your Synology NAS from the Internet Use the EZ-Intemet Wizard Set Up Port Forwarcing Rules for Router. Register DONS forthe Synology NAS ‘Access DSM Services via QuickConnact Set Up VPN Connection, Chapter 8: Enhance Internet Security Prevent Unauthorized Connection with Firewall. Prevent Attacks over the internet ‘Automatically Block Suspicious Login Atternpts Chapter 9: Set Up File Sharing Enable File Shating Protocols for All Platforms Join Synology NAS to Domain/LDAP. Host LDAP Service with Directory Server Manage Users and Groups. Set Up Shared Folders, Define Windows ACL Privileges for Shared Folder. Index Shared Folder Contents Chapter 10: Access Files from Anywhere ‘Aqcess Files within the Local Network ‘Access Files via FTP. ‘Access Files via WebDAV Sync Fes via Cloud Station Server ‘Access Files via File Station Chapter 11: Back Up Data Back Up Computer Data 3. Table of Contents. 31 31 2 34 34 2a 34 35 as 35 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 38 39 39 40 a a2 a2 43 aa 4s 46 ar 49 st st sa 55 ss 56Back Up Data or iSCSI LUN on Synology NAS. Back ip and Restore System Configurations. ‘Syne Shared Folder Contents between Synology NAS. Back Up Data on USB Device or SD Card Chapter 12: Host Websites and Print Server Use Web Station to Host Websites Set Synology NAS as Print Server Chapter 13: Discover Various Applications with Package Center ‘What Package Center Offers Install or Buy Packages. Chapter 14: Communicate with Mobile Devices Manage DSM Settings with DSM mobile. Use IOS, Android, and Windows Apps Use Other Mobile Devices 4 | Table of Contents. 60 60 60 60 61 62 Cy 6s 66 66 erCg Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of Synology NAS. Synology NAS is a multi-functional Network-Attached Storage server, serving as a file-sharing center within your Intranet. Moreover, its specially designed for a variety of purposes, allowing you to perform the following tasks with the web-based Synology DiskStation Manager (OSM) Store and Share Files over the Internet Windows users, Mac users, and Linux users can easily share files within the Intranet or through the Internet. Unicode language support makes sharing files in cifferent languages from Synology NAS simple. Scan Settings with Security Advisor Secutty Advisors a securty application that scans your DSM settings and Synology NAS. It wl check your settings and recommend changes that help keep your Synology NAS safe. Manage Files with Web-Based File Station One of Synology DiskStation Manager's applications, File Station, can make it possible for users to manage thelr files on Synology NAS easily through a web interface. You can also access the files stored on Synology NAS with a mobile device. Transfer Files via FTP ‘Synology NAS provides FTP service with bandwidth restriction and anonymous login. To transfer data safely, FTP over SSLITLS and uninvited IP auto-block are also available. Sync Files with Cloud Station Cloud Station is a file sharing service that allows you to synchronize files between a centralized Synology NAS and multiple client computers, mobile and Synology NAS devices, Share Storage Capacity as iSCSI LUNs ‘You can designate portion of your Synology NAS volume space to be an iSCSI LUN, which wil alow the iSCSI iniiatorto access the space ike a local csk Back Up Files on Computer and Server Synology NAS provides various backup solutions to back up computer data to Synology NAS, back up Synology NAS data or ISCSI LUN to an external hard dive, another Synology NAS, an rsync-compatible server, ‘Amazon 3 server, HiDrve backup server, et. Enjoy Entertainment Content on the Server Download Station allows you to downoad files from the Intemet through 8T, FTP, HTTP, eMule and NZB to Synology NAS. The Media Server and Tunes suppor allows computers or DMA devices within LAN to playback mutimedia fles on Synology NAS" \With tre USBCopy or SOCopy function, you can press the Copy button on your Synology NAS to instantly copy fles from a camera or SD card to Synology NAS.# * For recommended peripheral modals, Including hard rive, USB printer, DMA, and UPS, please vist www.synology.com. ® USBCopy or SDCopy is supported on specific models only Visit www synolagyt.com for more information‘Synology NAS User's Guide Organize Videos with Video Station Video Station allows you to organize your collection of movies, TV shows, and home videos into a media platform ‘on which you can watch and play video clips, live stream and record digital TV pragrams with a USB DTV dongle plugged into your Synology NAS, view and edit video metadata whose information Is retrieved automatically from the Internet. You can also stream videos to your iPhone or iPad for playback. Share Photos, Videos, and Blogs with Photo Station Photo Station gives you the freedom to share photos and videos over the Intemet without complicated upload steps. Furthermore, a blogging system is integrated for you to easily share your life and thoughts over the Internet. Enjoy Music Anytime and Anywhere ‘Audio Station allows you to listen to music stored on the Synology NAS, from a connected iPod, or even stream Internet Radio stations, In addltion, you can stream music from the Synology NAS with a web browser over the. Internet. Host Websites The Virtual Host feature allows you to host up to 30 websites using Web Station, with PHP and MySQL supported, Record Videos with IP Cameras Surveillance Station allows you to manage, view, and record videos from multiple IP cameras over the network. By accessing the web-based management interface of Suneillance Station, you can watch the real-time image the camera is monitoring, and record videos continuously in motion-detection mode or in alarm-recording mode. Manage Multiple Synology NAS Devices ‘Synology CMS (Central Management System) allows you to quickly and conveniently manage mutiple Synclogy NAS servers. Once CMS is installed, you can desighate your Synology NAS server as the CMS Host and designate other servers as managed servers, The CMS Host provides a single interface to moniter and maintain the managed servers. Discover More Apps with Package Center Package Center brings intuitiveness and convenience for users to easily install and update a variety of ‘applications (which are packed into packages). Just browse all available applications and select the ones that best suit your needs. All can be done with just a few clicks. Set up Print Server USB or network printers connected to your Synology NAS can be shared by cent computers over the local area network. ArPrnt support allows you to print to the printer from an 10S device, while Google Cloud Print support ‘allows you to print othe printer when you are using Google products and services. Ifyou cannot find what you need here, please see DSM Help or take a look at Synology's online resources below. ‘+ Knowledge Base: help.synology.com ‘+ Forum: forum.synology.com = Download Center: www.synology.com/supportidownload.php ‘= Technical Support: myds.synology.com/supportisupport_form.php * For recommends peripheral models, including hard drive, USB printer, DMA, and UPS, please visit ww.synology.com. 6 | Chapter 1: IntroductionCg Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager This chapter explains how to sign into Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM), customize your desktop, use the taskbar and widgets, and open applications and packages with the Main Menu. Install Synology NAS and DSM For more information about setting up Synology NAS and installing DSM, see the Quick installation Guide for your Synology NAS model available at Synology’s Download Center. Sign into DSM After setting up and installing DSM on your Synology NAS, you can sign into DSM using a web browser on your computer. To log in with Web Assistant: 1 Make sure your computer is connected to the same network as the Synology NAS and can access the Intemet. 2 Open a web browser on your computer and go to find. synology.com. 3 Web Assistant will ind your Synology NAS within the local network, Click Connect to go to the login screen, To log in with the server name or IP address: 1 Make sure your computer is connected to the same network as your Synology NAS, 2 Open a web browser on your computer, enter any of the following in the address field, and then press Enter on your keyboard: * httpzISynology_Server_1P:5000 * http:/ISynology_Server_Name:6000/ (or http:!/Synology_Server_Name.local:5000! on a Mac) ‘Synology Server_Name should be replaced with the name you set up for Synology NAS during the initial installation process. If you choose One-step Setup during the installation process, the Synology_Server_Name will be DiskStation, CubeStation, USBStation, or RackStation. > @ fi [D diskstation's000 3 Enter your user name and password, and click Sign in. The default password for admin is empty. ‘Note: To ensure your connection to DSM runs smoothly, please use the follwing browsers, + Chrome = Firefox + Safari: 5.0 orlater + Internet Explorer: 8.0 or later‘Synology NAS User's Guide DiskStation Manager Desktop When you sign into DSM, you will see the desktop. From here, you can start getting things done, like manage settings, use packages, or view notifications Desktop The desktop is where your application and package windows are displayed. You can also create desktop shortuts to frequently used applications. ’ eros Taskbar The taskbar at the top of the desktop includes the following items: 5 6 7 8 9 {|_| |__| [@L09 OB 3 l lw [a <= 8 Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager‘Synology NAS User's Guide 6 Options: Shutdown, restart, logout, or modify personal account options. 7 Search: Quickly find specific applications, packages, or DSM Help articles here. 8 Widgets: Show or hide widgets. 9 Pilot View: See a preview of all open application and package windows, Widgets Wiagets cieplay various types of system information related to your Synology NAS. © spten eons 200 ee 9 Resource antr To openiclose the widget pane: Click Widgets to show or hide the widgets panel. Click the + to select which widgets to display. You can choose from the following: + Connected Users: See a list of users who are currently accessing Synology NAS resources. * File Change Log: View the file change log records of Synology NAS services. + No active logs: Appears when none of the logs (Samba, WebDAV, FTP, File Station) s enabled, * No logs available: Appears when any one of the logs (Samba, WebDAV, FTP, File Station) is enabled + Recent Logs: View the log records of Synclogy NAS services. * Resource Monitor: Monitor the CPU usage, memory usage, and network flow. * Scheduled Backup: View the status of your backup tasks. + Scheduled Tasks: View a lst of upcoming tasks, * Storage: View the volume usage and disk status of your Synology NAS. System Health: Obtain an overall status of your Synology NAS and all connected devices (if any). You will be ‘advised to take corrective action when system error occurs, 9 Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager‘Synology NAS User's Guide Open Applications and Packages with Main Menu ‘The Main Menu (the button at the top-left of the desktop) is where you can find all the applications and packages you have installed from Package Center on your Synology NAS. r To open applications or packages: (Open Main Menu and click the icon of the application or package that you want to open. To reorder icons: (Open Main Menu and drag an icon to any position you want, To create a desktop shortcut: (Open Main Menu and drag an icon to the side 10 Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager‘Synology NAS User's Guide Shutdown, Restart, Logout, or Manage Personal Options Click the Options menu (the person-shaped icon at the top right) to shutdown, restart, logout, or manage your User account settings. ‘To manage personal options: Select Options from the drop-down menu to manage personal account options, like password, 2-step verification, desktop, etc. a options pox Name: din Deceriscens System defo user im passed puage: engin e 2-Stepverfeston View your aoc acuity, neusng oxrant cnnecens, usted vies anlage hitery Account Aativity 44. Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager‘Synology NAS User's Guide Account Under Account, you can ecit your account settings, enable 2-step verification, and view recent login activity of your DSM account, Limitations: + The user description is case sensitive and can be 0 to 64 displayable Unicode characters, ‘+ The password is case sensitive and should be 0 to 127 displayable characters, including letters, numbers, signs, and space. 2-Step Verification 2.-step verification provides improved security for your DSM account. If 2-step verification is enabled, you will ‘need to enter your password in addition to a one-time verification code when logging into DSM. Verification codes {are obtained from authenticator apps installed on your mobile device. Therefore, if someone wants to access your account, he wil nct only need your usemame and password, but also your mobile device. ‘Requirements: 2-step verification requires @ mobile device and an authenticator app wihich supports the Time-based One-Time Password (TOTP) protocol, Authenticator apps include Google Authenticator (Aridroid/iPhone!BlackBerty) or ‘Authenticator (Windows Phone). Account Activity ‘Account activity displays recent login activity of your DSM account, such as the time your account was accessed ‘oF from what IP address, Quota Under Quota, you can view your quota on all Synology NAS volumes set by DSM administrators, as well as the ‘amount of capacity you have used on each volume. Desktop Under Desktop, you can customize the appearance of your desktop by changing the main menu style, con size, background and text color ef the desktop, or uploading images to be used as the desktop wallpaper. Photo Stat This tab is viewable only when users belonging to the administrators group enable Personal Photo Station service in Photo Station. Synology NAS provides the home!photo folder fot you to store photos and videos that you want to share, The system will create index thumbnails of the photos and videos automatically, and then people can view photo albums via a web browser. Email Account You can add or edit email accounts to send files stored in File Station as attachments using the email addresses added here. Others Under Others, you can customize other personal options. For more information about personal options, please see DSM Help, 12 Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager13 Cg Modify System Settings ‘After you have connected te Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) and leamed how to access its functions and customize its appearance, users belonging to the administrators group can begin to modify basic settings, ‘This chapter explains the basics of modifying network settings, display languages, time, and energy saving features. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Use Control Panel Choose Control Panel from the Main Menu to configure DSM settings. &E ‘contrat Panel poex Powe tatcnode > File Sharing 0®*4879 Caucczanes Setralacess elmo OCP Serer = WrassSrty System @ 0 B [I ‘The DSM settings on the Control Panel are grouped into the following categories: * Filo Sharing: Manage file sharing options to host your files and share with other people easily. + Connectivity: Make your Synology NAS accessible over the Internet, and protect it with security mechanisms such as firewall and auto block, * System: Manage system settings for your Synology NAS device. » Ap, jons: Manage general settings related to Synology-designed applications, ‘Note: Control Panel is accessible only to users belonging to the administrators group. See "Create Groups” for ‘mote information,‘Synology NAS User's Guide Change Network Settings Go to Control Panel > Network to configure network settings and connect your Synology NAS device to the Intemet. You can also manage traffic control rules to adjust the outgoing traffic allowed when clients access. services on your Synology NAS. For mote detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. rz contrat pan eta @ Dsench une ner ntice TM oat (BD shares Fa Ener th seve ame, ever an et tea nema coe ee er Bi vomannoae seve 05 Se donee 1 roxy B auickconnect ae ®en a & Netnor General The General tab provides options to edit the name and default gateway of the Synology NAS, as well as ‘configure domain name server, proxy setver settings and IPv6 tunneling, Network Interface The Network Interface tab provides options to manage the network interfaces with which your Synology NAS. connects to the network. Traffic Control TTratfic control aims to control the outgoing traffic of services running on Synology NAS. Click Create to create traffic eontrot rules. Static Route Static route controls the path that network information must follow to reach a specific host or network on ‘Synology NAS. Click Create to create a static route DSM Settings Change the port number for accessing DSM or configure HTTPS settings. When the HTTPS connection function is enabled, any connection to Synology NAS via the HTTPS protocol will be encrypted with the SSL/TLS ‘encrypting mechanism. 14 Chapter 3: Modify System Settings‘Synology NAS User's Guide Join Wireless Network! ‘At Control Panel > Wireless, you can connect your Synology NAS device to a wireless network, or create a Wireless hotspot to share its Internet connection with other devices wirelessly. Also, you can manage Bluetooth adapters and connect Bluetooth devices to your Synology NAS. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Modify Regional Options Go to Control Panel > Regional Options to configure the following regional options. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. & Down Time Lapin NT Ser 1 eesionet optns urrent Tine ‘ask Scheduler ae : @ Hardrrare & Power Manually : Devine mm Time Click the Time tab to set up the system time settings of the Synology NAS. You can check the current time, ‘manually set the server's date and time, or automatically set the time using a network time server. Language Click the Language tab to set the language for Synology DiskStation Manager, notifications, and specify the codepage for Uricade flename conversion + Display Languaye: Choose your preferred csplay language, or have tthe same as your default browser seting + Notification Language: Set your preferred language for ema and instant messaging notfeations from Synology NAS. + Codepage: Synology NAS uses Unicode to avoid fle inaccesstityfrm computers using diferent languages But forte folowing devices or applications to use Synology NAS services without problem, you need fo choose the appropriate cogepage for them + Computers without Unicode support + Ayplicatons that convert non-Unicode stings to Unicode, such as FTP service, UPnP support, music metadata indering ‘Supported on specific models only 15 Chapter 3: Modify System Settings‘Synology NAS User's Guide NTP Service Click the NTP Service tab to have your Synology NAS serve as a network time server to synchronize time between different network devices and the Synology NAS over network. ‘Note: The NTP service is required for Surveillance Station and Synology High Availablity. Therefore, if you have ‘Survallance Station installed and run on your Synology NAS, the service cannot be disabled while the package is running. Use Energy Saving Features Go to Control Panel > Hardware & Power to manage the following energy saving features provided by DSM. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. @ Pswn cmt omar senate seDIbenabon uP > Power Recovery @ ricer eon © re 1 een con 16 repens omins vel mat Biren sever © vam devas © ren 1 Sa er tn Bl extemal ences Fubsoue Mote 1 tyne net ete) nr ast mer tte a amt ore General Click the General tab to enable power recovery, Wake on LAN (WOL)' and Memory Compression. You can also modify beep control and fan speed mode here. Power Schedule’ Click the Power Schedule tab to start up or shut down automaticaly at a specified time. HDD Hibernation Click the HDD Hibernation tab to manage disk hibemation for all Internal or external disks on your Synology Nas. ‘When a disk enters HOD hibemation mode, it will stop spinning and become inactive, which not only saves ‘energy but also extends the disk's lifespan. * Supported on speci models ony. 16 Chapter 3: Modify System Settings‘Synology NAS User's Guide UPS Under the UPS tab, you can modify UPS-related settings. UPS (Uninteruptible Power Supply) is a backup power Info Center to check the below information. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Dow © into center © theme 18 eoiont options Indexing Service ® routcston @ varamare 8 power Fi external Desi D vpsite peste > hopicatons 18 oul ssi 1 nt) 19 ine 45 scons)‘Synology NAS User's Guide General Under the General tab, you can see the basic information about your Synology NAS, including serfal number, model name, amount of physical memory, DSM version, time information, thermal status, and extemal devices. Network Under the Network tab, you can view the status of network configuration and network interfaces, Storage Under the Storage tab, you can check the free or used space of your Synology NAS volumes and check the status of the hard disks. Service Under the Service tab, you can see the list of DSM services, which can be enabled or disabled by clicking Enable or Disable under the Action colurnn. The checkmarks under the Status column indicate whether the services are enabled View System Logs Log Center is a centralized log management application that allows you to view and manage log records of ‘Synology NAS services easily and efficiently. To access the advanced functions, you have to go to Package Center and install the Log Center package. For detalled instructions, please see DSM Help. 8 tog canter roax FA aratve setngs BB be9 sending z aa Bh tog ecewng a BY settings History > Last 50 eos 201803. 1639028 inematun ndrin atin Syxam——eaagefLon cto o1s03. 17:22:28 inomaten 280 am StS sry. 49 Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks‘Synology NAS User's Guide Monitor System Resources Resource Monitor allows you to monitor the CPU usage, memory usage, disk utlization and network flow. You can choose to monitor in real ime or view previous data. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. AS : = = © speed it — volaatien (%) Te Wolatene) Three Analyze System Usage Storage Analyzer allows you to quickly view overall usage trends of your Synology NAS, create tasks to analyze storage spaces, and generate detailed reports on volume usage. For detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. & ‘Storage Analyzer > ex Reporte [een ear [oe | “rae (py ae dy, Tus, Mote, mt, Py, ty 1 20 Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks2 ‘Synology NAS User's Guide Scan System Settings Security Advisor allows you to check and scan your DSM settings for any suspicious activities that may present security risks. For detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. At Risk ® Malware Nemalnte aa fondn yur sym. 0 B System, Notas wl be hace inte toy BZ Account 1 Some ey ening) e @ Network ‘wr tag) women od e OD Update osha) ate e Deploy High-Availability Solution High Availability Manager allows you to form two servers into a “high-avallability cluster’, In which one assumes the role of the active server while the other acts as the stand-by server. Ifthe server malfunctions, the stand-by server takes over all services, thus minimizing server downtime. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help and High Availability White Paper. er : Healthy BB reve setunge oh aalstny cusers enn ene Ea sev ete ate aetna e Ps a aaa Chapter 4; Perform Advanced Management Tasks‘Synology NAS User's Guide Automate Tasks Go to Control Panel > Task Scheduler to schedule and run services or scripts at pre-defined times. You can ‘create and manage tasks to automatically run user-defined scripts, empty shared folder recycle bins, or start and stop certain services. For more detailed instructions, please see OSM Help. Update DSM or Restore Defaults ‘At Control Panel > Update & Restore, you can update DSM to a newer version, back-up and restore system configurations or restore Synology NAS device to its original manufacturer settings. You can also set a schedule to install OSM updates automatically to keep your Synology NAS always up-to-date. Important: The data saved on the Synology NAS will nat be erased during the updating process. However, for security reason, we recommend that you back up the data fit. 22 Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks‘Synology NAS User's Guide Receive Event Notifications ‘At Control Panel > Notification, you can set your Synology NAS to send notifications when specific events of ‘errors occur, notifying you via email, SMS, web browsers (Safari/Chrome), or mobile devices. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Access Applications with Independent Login ‘With Application Portal, you can configure the connection settings of various applications, allowing you to access ‘and run these applications in independent browser tabs or windows. To enable Application Portal, go to Control Panel > Application Portal, Customized Alias Applications can be opened in an independent browser window at [http(s):/DSM server address:DSM server port number [HTTP(S)V/alias name/] once the portal alias is set up. Customized HTTP(S) Ports Applications can be opened in an independent browser window at [http(s):/DSM server address:customized port number} once the HTTP(S) port is set up. Index Multimedia Files for Applications Go to Control Panel > Indexing Service to automatically scan multimedia les, such as photos, music, and videos stored on your Synalagy NAS, and compile them into a multimedia library to be used by multimedia applications, For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Reset Admin Password Ifyou forgot the password for admin and are therefore unable to log in to OSM, you can reset the password to blank and set a new password, To reset admin's password: Press and hold the RESET button on the back panel of your Synology NAS for 4 seconds until you heard a beep sound. ‘Note: Other than resetting administrator's password, using the RESET button will also restore the IP and DNS of ‘Synology NAS to the default value 23 Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks‘Synology NAS User's Guide Reinstall Synology NAS I you want to reinstall your Synology NAS without losing its data, you can use the RESET button on the back panel To reinstall Synology NAS: 1 Press and hold the RESET button for about 4 seconds until the Synology NAS emits a beep sound 2 Within the next 10 seconds, press and hold RESET button for about 4 seconds until the Synology NAS emits a beep sound. 3 Follow the installation instructions in the Quick Installation Guide for your model available at Synology's Download Center to set up the Synology NAS. Important: The data saved on the Synology NAS will not be erased during the reinstallation. However, for securily reason, we strongly recommend that you back up the data fist Enable SNMP Service Go to Control Panel > Terminal & SNMP to enable SNMP service, which allows users to monitor Synology NAS. network flow with the network management software. Enable Terminal Services Go to Control Panel > Terminal & SNMP to enable Terminal service, which allows you to use Telnet or SSH to log in to Synology NAS and modify its settings. Important: Use the Terminal service with caution. Improper manipulation or modification to Synology NAS may result in system malfunction or data loss. 24 Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks25 Manage Storage Space Before taking advantage of the various features of your Synology NAS, you need to set up at least one storage space. This chapter explains how Storage Manager can help you manage storage spaces, such as volumes, Disk Groups, iSCSI Targets, or ISCSI LUNs, as well as view the status of hard drives. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help, Volumes and Disk Groups ‘Volumes are the basic storage spaces on your Synology NAS. Before you start storing or serving any data, you will need to create atleast one volume, With DSM's Storage Manager, volumes can be created with various ‘options, such as different RAID types or customized capacity allocation, For detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. 3 ——— po ex Ge voume Healthy Moworay aoe ie oe ee Bsestun x» 20%, @ iscsi Forget ‘Spare Volume 1 (Mormal) 051 Uge I mene Create Volumes To create a volume, go to Storage Manager > Volume and click Create, This action launches a setup wizard which helps create a volume based on your individual needs.Quick or Custom Volumes ‘Synology NAS User's Guide ‘When creating a new volume, the following options are available: NAS, ‘multiple volumes on RAID). Recommended for users who want to precisely contol storage management on your Synology Method Features (Creates an SHR (Synology Hybrid RAID) volume. uick ‘Automatically optimizes volume capacity and performance based on memiber hard disks, Recommended for saving tine and simplifying storage management. ‘Supports diferent RAID types. ‘Supports creating single or multiple volumes on Disk Groups, ean Provides options to allocate spectic amounts of capacity for each volume (only when creating Single or Multiple Volumes on RAID When creating a custom volume, the following options are available: ‘Option Feature ‘Single Volume on RAID Uses al of the available capaciy of the selected disks to create a single volume, Provides better speed and performance. Supports diferent RAID ypes, Mutiple Volumes on RAID ‘Allows you to create muliple volumes on a Disk Group. ‘Supports allocating spectic amounts of capacty to each volume. Provides greater storage management flexibly Supports aferent RAID types. RAID Types ‘creating custom volumes or Disk Groups. Depending on your model and number of installed hard disks, the below RAID types can be implemented when ‘owed RAID Type | HOH | pth y Description Capacity 7 0 ABynologyRyba RAD vous opines [TBD aa) org cpa an paar een 28 1 combining hard drives of different sizes. SHR: sun’ ‘umes cong fo or tee hard Sa nse y be ov xn oece we vires | OPWNEELEY ad consisting of four or more hard disks can provide ‘ork mat roc “Base vo coated wh oe har ive oo Srpenco us uhencctng 9 Base oa a a volume, you can select only one hard drive at a Ueto ET) ne woo | zt 0 | JBOD|s a caecton cf hades Sim ofan 00 aniring mp dst bid a stooge sare RAID 0 offers Striping, a process of dividing data | Sum of all HDD. ee = o into blocks and spreading the data blocks across sizes ceva rand even bu ot fey meen * RAID types except for Basic are supported on speciic models only. Vist wurw.synology.com for more information 26 Chapter 5: Manage Storage Space‘Synology NAS User's Guide awed RAID Type HOD # Failed HDD # Description Capacity Tree ote ete aso RAID 1 24 (HDD #)-1 | drive at the same time, so data integrity is ean protected when at least one disk is normal. see Ths courant a ado 00s topmost earn Sto seine 7 ‘space equal to the size of one disk for later data (Smallest HOD wa) ae TRAD Spare re sae eae alas 008-2 . foun meviwnaticcacsnetspe | COO eed I a drive to rebuild the failed drive of the volume (Smallest HOD automatically. a) mos | ze 2 | eaymutolscacresnionsamcnspes | QOD#-2)8 7 equal to the size of two disks for later data rales! recovery. aaa Za | THODwiha | RAD hee pevomane RAD Oara a | yoo yas caviw scnnaot | Ratctniowistaae' RAD insonaresne | Disk Group and cick Create Repair Volumes or Disk Groups ‘The repair function is available for RAID 1, RAID 10, RAID 5, RAID 5+Spare, RAID 6, and SHR volumes or Disk Groups. Depending on your RAID types, when one of the hard drives in the volume or Disk Group fails, it will be inthe degraded mode. You can repair the volume or Disk Group by replacing the crashed disk(s) to keep the {data on the volume or Disk Group protected. For mote detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Change RAID Type The RAID types of existing volumes and Disk Groups can be changed without losing existing data, allowing you to easily and economically manage storage capacity. For example, you can create a RAID 1 volume on your ‘Synology NAS, and later change to RAID § if you install more hard disks. The sections below provide basic information regarding changing RAID types. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help, Supported RAID Types RAID types can be changed as follows. RAID Type Can be changed. Basic RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 5+Spare RAID RAID 5, RAID 5+Spare RAIDS RAID 5+Spare, RAID 6 ‘Add mitor dik to RAID 1 RAID 1 27 Chapter 5: Manage Storage Space‘Synology NAS User's Guide Hard Disk Requirements In order to change the RAID type of a volume or Disk Group, there must be a sufficient number of available hard disks installed in your Synology NAS. Please see below for the minimum number of hard disks required for each RAID type. RAID Type: Minimum Hara Disks RAID t 20rd RAIDS 3 RAID S+Spare 4 RAIDS 4 Expand Volumes or Disk Groups The storage capacity of volumes or Disk Groups can be gradually expanded by installing more or larger hard SSD Cache. Please refer to your Synology server Quick Installation Guide for information regarding SSD installation, For more {detailed information regarding SSD management, please see DSM Help or Synology SSD Cache White Paper. Hot Spare Hot spare? disks are standby hard disks that can repair a degraded volume/Disk GroupiSCSI LUN by ‘automatically replacing a failed disk. Hot spare disks can be globally assigned to protect any volume/Disk GroupiiSCSI LUN within your Synology NAS, as long as the volume/Disk GroupliSCSI LUN matches the following criteria: The RAID type of the volume/Disk Group/ISCSI LUN must be one with data protection (12. RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10}, * The hot spare disk size must be equal to or larger than the size of the smallest disk in the volume/Disk GroupiiSCS! LUN. Managing Hot Spares Go to Storage Manager > Hot Spare > Manage to assign and manage hot spare disks. For more detelled information, please see DSM Help. Manage External Disks External USB or eSATA disks can be attached to the USB or eSATA port of your Synology NAS for backup or fle sharing purposes.” Go to Control Panol > External Devices to manage attached external disks or setup printers. The Extemal Devices tab provides options to view device information, change formats, or eject the device. The Printer tab provides options to setup USB or network printers. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. * SSD cache is supported on spectic models only. Visit www.synology.com for more information = The hot spare feature is avalable on speate models only > eSATIis supported on specific models onl, Vist wwwsynology.com for more information 31 Chapter 5: Manage Storage Space32 Manage Storage Space with RAID Groups’ Before using features or services on your Synology NAS, you need to create RAID Groups and manage storage spaces. This chapter explains how to create and manage RAID Groups, volumes, and iSCSI LUNs and iSCSI ‘Targets, as well as access extemal disks and manage hard disks or cache. For more detailed information or Instructions, please refer to DSM Help. Manage RAID Groups With your Synology NAS, you may combine multiple hard disks into a single storage unit called a RAID Group. ‘Volumes (up to 200 TB) or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level) can be created on top of RAID Groups. Before creating a RAID Group, please confirm sufficient hard disks are installed in your Synology NAS (refer to your Synology NAS Quick Installation Guide for instructions regarding hard disk installation) B Bova teaser eESaeEx moe g Healthy &ve0me Siscstun rank HAMEL [lela @ iscsi tage ns 100/550 rea Fi te spoe ‘> Tep vote usage Be sernpe cre ' ' | isso coche 2m 26 1s > tener veto ema) te (hrm A scsi Usage Create RAID Groups RAID Groups can be created by going to Storage Manager > RAID Group, and clicking Create. For detailed instructions regarding RAID Group creation, please see DSM Help. * Supported on specic models only. Visit ww_synology.com for more information‘Synology NAS User's Guide RAID Group Types ‘Your Synology NAS supports the following RAID Groups types = RAID Group for Single Volume or iSCSI LUN (Block-Level) * Allocates all available capacity to a single volume or iSCSI LUN (Block-Level). * Provides better performance but less storage management flexibility * Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes. * Supports a maximum of one RAID Array. + The maximum volume size that can be allocated is 200 TB, = RAID Group for Multiple Volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level) + Supports creating mukiple volumes or ISCSI LUNs (Block-Level) on a RAID Group. * Provides better storage management flexbilty * Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes. * Supports combining multiple RAID Arrays under a RAID Group (when configured as RAID 5 or RAID 6). RAID Types Depending on the number of availabe hard disks, you can ereate RAID Groups using several ferent RAID types, Diferent RAID types provide different levels of performance, data protection, and storage features Synology NAS supports the following RAID types: ‘ow RAID Type | HOD# | Me Description Capacity Basie 1 ° Creates a storage space wth one hard ck 1 (HDD 820) wooo ° Canines beards ace rps |S fat HOD RAID 0 offers Striping, a process of diving dats RAIDO 22 ° into blocks and spreading the data blocks across | Su ofa HOD ‘several hard drives, but without safety measures. a Wes a ried op ais oc ard ne maio1 | 24 | qmom-1 | pangdtsatonanyanpectonaclng | SmetesHOD 6 one hard sk is operating normaly ‘Stipes both data and panty information across al | Total capacty of member da, roving dla rosoncarey. one | combined RAD 1 00 win | Rae kh sytem maybe eb sing rays naios | S26 | “echo” | party dta fom ater mane ard ds ae fray | Supports combining alle RAD Arays when | capacty = (#00 treated ona RAID Group fx Mpa Vanes or | #1) (Capacty ISCSILUNS Boater ot satest HD} RAID 6 provds exraataproacon uses | Total eapacyo pany medeto tre redunan data on space | combined RAID ‘eraper | 2HODwinin. | ata oe se wo keel data faye aane | gft2pe. | “Sento” | recover RAD Aray fray | Supports combining alle RAD Arays when | capaty= (HOD rented ont RAID Gro fr Mule Veumes or | £2) (Capa of ISCSILUNS Boater crate #00) “eizper | {HOD win | Proves te perfomance of RAD and cata eapio | RABAT | saan RAIo' | Rotecton ioe ot RAID RAID comines wo | (COD #12) (even | gotn/alot | harsaivesinos RAD grup andcartines at | Tales nimen | Metta HOD | the groupe wih RAD o * Synology Hybrid RAID (SHA) is not supported on models with RAID Groups. 33 Chapter 6: Manage Storage Space with RAID Groups‘Synology NAS User's Guide Change RAID Types ‘The RAID types of existing RAID Groups can be changed without losing existing data, allowing you to easily and ‘economically manage storage capacity. To change the RAID type of a RAID Group, there must be available hard disks installed in the Synology NAS. The table below displays supported types of RAID change. For more Expand to expand the capacity of your RAID Group. RAID/File System Scrubbing RAIDifile system scrubbing is @ data maintenance function that inspects volumes or Disk Groups and repairs any detected data inconsistencies. RAID scrubbing can be used with volumes or disk groups that implement SHR (comprised of three or more disks), RAID 5, of RAID 6. File system scrubbing can be used with volumes in Bits file system, We recommend regularly performing RAIDifile system scrubbing in order to maintain data consistency and avoid losing any critical data in the event of disk failure, For detailed instructions regarding how to perform RAIDifile system scrubbing, please refer to DSM Help. 34 Chapter 6: Manage Storage Space with RAID Groups‘Synology NAS User's Guide Manage Volumes Volumes are basic storage spaces on which you can create shared folders, iSCSI LUNs (regular fle), save data, or install packages. Before creating a volume on your Synology NAS, please create at least one RAID Group, Create Volumes To create a volume, please go to Storage Manager > Volume, and click Create. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help, Volume Types Depending on the underlying RAID Group type, you may creat the following types of volumes * Volume on RAID Group for Single Volume or iSCSI LUN (Block-Level) + Allocate al storage capacity on a RAID Group toa single volume. Provides better performance but less management flexbily * Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes. * Volume on RAID Group for Multiple Volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level) * Allocates a designated portion of the storage capacity on a RAID Group to create a volume. Provides better management flexibility allowing you to expand volume size of create additional volumes as needed. * Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes. Edit Volumes I you want to change the description of a volume or edit the amount of allocated storage capacity, please go to Storage Manager > Volume, select the desired volume, and click Edit Repair Degraded Volumes If volume status reads Degraded, please go to Storage Manager > RAID Group, and follow the instructions. iSCSI LUN. For detailed instructions regarding how to create, modify, or remove iSCSI LUNS, please refer to DSM Help. Manage iSCSI Targets By mapping iSCSI Targets and iSCSI LUNs, client servers can access space on a storage server as ifit were a local disk. In reality, all data transferred to the disk are actually transferred over the network to the storage server. Create, Edit, or Remove iSCSI Targets ‘You can manage iSCSI Targets by going to Storage Manager > ISCSI Target. For detailed instructions regarding how to create, modify, remove, or register ISNS server information, please refer to DSM Help. Manage Hard Disks HODISSD section of Storage Manager allows you to monitor the status of hard disks installed on your Synology INAS, providing options to manage and analyze hard disk performance and health. To see this section, please go to Storage Manager > HDD/SSD. Enable Write Cache Support Depending on the model write cache support canbe enabled in order to enhance the performance of your Synology NAS. Dsabing wile cache i reduce the chances of data loss caused by abnormal power outages, but sytem performance wil ecine. To modity write cache suppor stings, please goto Storage Manager > HoDISso, We recommend using a UPS to ensue data protecon when wie cache support is enabled. n addon the system should be shut cow propery everytime after use S.M.A.R.T. Test S.MAR.T. test examines and reports the status of your hard disks, alerting you to possible disk failures. f you want to a run S.M.ARCT. test, go to Storage Manager > HDDISSD. For more information regarding S MA.R.T. tests, please refer to DSM Help, Hot Spare Hot Spare disks are standby hard disks that can repair a degraded RAID Group by automatically replacing a falled disk. Hot spare disks need not be assigned to a specific RAID Group, but may be globally assigned to 36 Chapter 6: Manage Storage Space with RAID Groups‘Synology NAS User's Guide repair any RAID Group within your Synology NAS. Before assigning hot spare disks, please see the following requirements: * The RAID type of the volume/Disk Group/iSCSI LUN must be one with data protection (Le. RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10). * The hot spare disk size must be equal to or larger than the size of the smallest disk in the volume/Disk GroupfiSCSI LUN. Manage Hot Spares You can assign, remove, ot manage Hot Spare disks by going to Storage Manager > Hot Spare, Please refer to DSM Help for information regarding Hot Spare management. Storage Overview Storage Overview shows the status of installed hard disks, cable connections, and hardware status lights. You can view Storage Overview by going to Storage Manager > Storage Overview. Please refer to DSM Help for 2 detailed explanation of this section. SSD Cache SSD cache crives can be installed and mounted in a RAID 0 (read-only) or RAID 1 (read-write) configuration to boost the read/write speed of a volume, including iSCSI LUN (Regular Files) on a volume, or iSCSI LUN (Block~ Level) on your Synology server. You can now create a read-only cache with one SSD, as well as mount, check ‘SSD compatibilly, and view related information by going to Storage Manager > SSD Cache. Please refer to your Synology server Quick Installation Guide for information regarding SSD installation. Additionally, refer to OSM Help for information regarding SSD management Manage External Disks External USB or eSATA disks can be attached to the USB or eSATA port of your Synology RackStation for backup or filesharing purposes.’ Go to Control Panel > External Devices to manage attached external disks or setup printers, The Extemal Devices tab provides options to view device information, change formats, or eject the device. The Printer tab provides options to setup USB or network printers. For more detalled instructions, please see DSM Help. * eSATAis supported on specific models only. Visit wwww.synology.com for more information 37 Chapter 6: Manage Storage Space with RAID GroupsAccess your Synology NAS from the Internet You can connect to your Synology NAS over the Internet, allowing ils services to be accessible from anywhere and anytime. This chapter explains the basics regarding using the Synology EZ-Intemet wizard, advanced port forwarding functions, and DDNS hostname registration to connect your Synology NAS to the Internet, For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Use the EZ-Internet Wizard The EZ-Internet Wizard can set up access va the Internet with an easy-to-use wizard, without going through the complicated firewall settings, PPPOE setup, DDNS registration, and router port forwarding configuration Ge ezainternet Wizard =x Welcome to Synology EZ-Internet Wizard DjekStaton over the Inerret Wel Sofigra te following: + Rovter por forwarding + biskStation DONS service (ag, mynama eynotogy m8) 38‘Synology NAS User's Guide Set Up Port Forwarding Rules for Router If your Synolagy NAS is within the local network, you can set up port forwarding rules for the router to allow your ‘Synology NAS to be accessible over the Internet, ‘Note: Before you start, make sure you have manually assigned a static IP address for your Synology NAS. See letwork Interface” for more information, Go to Control Panel > External Access > Router Configuration to set up your router and port forwarding rules. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. "Note: To configure port forwarting rules and assign static IP address, you must have the administrative permission to the router. Set up Router Before adding port forwarding rules with OSM, you need to set up Synology NAS device's connection to the router. To begin, please click the Set up router bution. Add Port Forwarding Rules ‘Add port forwarding rules to specify the destination ports of your Synology NAS that will receive packages from specific router ports. Click Create to start creating port forwarding rules. Register DDNS for the Synology NAS DONS (Dynamic Domain Name Service) simplties connecting to your Synology NAS over the Internet by mapping a hostname tots IP address. For example, DDNS allows you to access your Synology NAS using a External Access > DDNS. You can point an existing hostname at the IP address of your Synology NAS, oF register for a naw one provided by Synology or several ater DONS providers. Please consult ‘each provider for more details regarding hostname registration 39 Chapter 7: Access your Synology NAS from the Internet