OBJECT : Jo find resistance of a given wire using metre bridge and hence determine the resistivity (specific resistance) ofits material. APPARATUS REQUIRED = ‘Armotre bridge (side wite bridge), a leclanche cell (Battery eliminator), a galvanometer, resistance box, aijociay, 0 one way Key, a reliance wite; 2 SY gauge, a meter scale, a set square, connecting wires ‘and a piece of sand paper. ‘THEORY : ‘This is based on the principle of wheat store © () The unknown resistance X is given by. a 00D 7 ‘where, Ris known resistance placed in the left gap and unknown resistance X in the right gap of meter ! bridge. The length of meter bridge wire is 1 cm from nd upto balance point. {i) Specific resistance(p) of the material of the n wire is given by PROCEDURE 1. Arrange the apparatus as shown 8 2. Connect the resistance wire whose resistance is to be determined in the right gap between Cand B. 3, Take care that no part of the wire forms a loop ran ot resistance bar of Tow range in the lef hand gap between A and B. 4, Make all othet connections as shown in circuit diagram. 5, Take out some resistance (say 2 ohm) from the resistance box, plug the key K. 6. Touch the jockey gently fist at left end and then at right end of the bridge wire. 7. Note the deflections in the galvanometer. If the galvanomeler shows deflections in opposite irections, the connections are correct. If the deflection is one side only, then there is some fault in the circuit. Check or take help of your teacher and rectify the fault. 8. Move (slide) the jockey gently along the wire from left to right till galvanometer gives zero deflection. ‘The point where the jockey is touching the wire is null point D. 9, Choose an appropriate value of 12 from the resistance box so that there is no deflection in the galvanometer when the jockey is nearly in the middle of the wire 10, Note the position of point D to know length AD = | 11. Take at least four sets of observations in same way by changing the values of 12 in steps. 12, Record your observations. For specific resistance. 13. Cut the resistance wire at the points where it leaves the terminal stretch it and find its length by using a meter scale. 14, Measure the diameter of the wire at least at four places, in two mutually perpendienlar directions at ‘each place with the help of screw gauge. 15, Record your observations in tables. OBSERVATIONS : Length of given wire L = .. 2 Table for unknown resistance (X) in arrangementMean resistance X (2) Length of experimental wire L = (3) For radius of wire : Pitch : i Least count of scew gauge = Toa number of divisions on circular scale Zero error of screw gauge In one direction In perpendicular direction In one direction In perpendicular direction 3. | In one direction In perpendicular direction Mean observed diameter cm PRECAUTIONS 6 diameter D = Observed diameter—zero ertor | 1. The connectins should be neat, clean and tight (with sign) | 2: All the plugs in the resistance box should be tight 3. Move the jockey gently over the bridge wire and do not rub it. Radius of wire r =... 4. The plug in key K should be inserted only wher CALCULATIONS the observations are to be taken. Specific resistance of material of wire 5. Null points should be brought between 45 cm an¢! Xad? 55cm 6. Set square should be used to note null point tc avoid error of parallax. 7. At one place, diamter of wire should be measure ~ Sendard value Experimental value, yoyq, | __ It two mutually perpendicular directions, > a ae 8. The wire should not make a loop. RESULT SOURCES OF ERROR 1. The value of unknown resistance X =...... ohm, | 2+ The instrument screws may be loose. 2% The spect resistance ofthe materal of given wire | 2 TH Pitas may not be lean. elie aber 3. The wire may not have uniform thickness 4. The screw gauge may have faults like back last error and wrong pitch, OgE<_