The Secret to Self-Control
Background:
Timeframe: 1971, during the sixteenth year of the Vietnam War.
Key Figures: Congressmen Robert Steele and Morgan Murphy.
Shocking Discovery:
High incidence of heroin addiction among U.S. soldiers in Vietnam.
Statistics: Over 15% addicted; 35% had tried heroin; up to 20% addiction rate.
Response in Washington:
Creation of the Special Action Office of Drug Abuse Prevention by President Nixon.
Focus: Prevention, rehabilitation, and tracking of addicted service members.
Research by Lee Robins:
Surprising findings about addiction among returning soldiers.
Low relapse rates: Only 5% re-addicted within a year, 12% within three years.
Contradiction to previous beliefs about heroin addiction being permanent and
irreversible.
Insight:
Role of environmental cues in addiction.
Drastic environmental change leading to a decrease in addiction habits.
Comparison of environments: High-stress, cue-rich environment in Vietnam vs. trigger-
free environment in the U.S.
Conclusion:
Importance of context in habit formation and addiction.