MODULE

#2a COLLEGE OF
ARCHITECTURE
MODULE G ALS FLEX Course Material

Review of
the basic Basic Principles of Structural
structural
concepts
Design
applied on
beams.
AARCSTRC
Analyze the Architectural Structures
different
stresses that
(Simple Reinforced Concrete
Structures)
occur in
beams due to
the forces or
loads acting Section: ARC 202 Mon/Thurs
03:00 - 05:00 PM Lec VR10CoA
on them.
Section: ARC 203 Mon/Thurs
05:00 - 07:00 PM Lec VR10CoA
Section: ARC 205 Mon/Thurs
Understand 07:00 - 09:00 PM Lec VR07CoA
the transfer Section: ARC 204 Wed/Sat
of loads on 03:00 - 05:00 PM Lec VR10CoA
structural
members in
a given
framing plan.

Engr. Efigenia S. Mangui-ob

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Civil Engineer / Sanitary Engineer

Faculty Member
College of Architecture
 FOCAL POINTS

• This module is focused on the structural

concepts applicable to the analysis of
reinforced concrete members.
• These concepts include transfer of loads
behavior of different types of beams under
loads, stresses and deflection, and types of
connection of beams and supports.
• Determinate and indeterminate beams are
discussed. Continuous beams (indeterminate)
are common in reinforced concrete
construction.

• Figures showing different types of

beams

?
• Pictures of beams made of wood,
steel and reinforced concrete to
familiarize the students on the actual
beams in buildings.
• Simple and cantilever beams
subjected to different loads and the
INSIDE resulting shear and moment
diagrams.
• Sense of bending in beams
• Shear and moment and the
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corresponding diagrams for

determinate and indeterminate
beams.
 Beam

• A beam is a structural member that resists transverse

loads.
• The supports are usually at or near the ends.
• The loads acting on the beam tend to bend it rather
than shorten or lengthen it.
• Beams carry various names depending on the form of
construction; these include girder, purlin, joist, rafter,
lintel, header, and girt.
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 Types of beams according to
supports

A simple beam or a simply-supported beam rests

on a support at each end, the ends of the beam
being free to rotate.

A cantilever beam is supported at one end only. A

beam embedded in a wall and projecting beyond
the face of the wall is a typical example.

An overhanging beam is a beam whose end or

ends project beyond its supports.

A continuous beam rests on more than two

supports. It is commonly used in reinforced
concrete and welded steel construction.

A restrained beam has one or both ends

restrained or fixed against rotation.
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 Types of Beams (left figures) and their
behavior due to loads (right figures)
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 • The wooden beams support the flooring
and the girders support the beams.

• The wooden columns support the beams

and girders connected to them.

• The flooring (deck) support the loads

due to the occupants of the room,
furnitures or other movable objects on
the floor.

• The flooring (deck) transfer the loads to

the beams.

• The beams support the weight of the

deck and the load from the occupants,
etc.

• The girders support the weight of the

The beams shown in the two beams and all the loads transferred to
figures are simply- them by the flooring
supported (simple beams).

• The cut wooden beams

shown at the right figure
have different forms, i.e.
solid, box, I-shape or
truss type.

• The flooring used as

shown are plywood and
wooden planks

• The support of the beams

is a horizontal member
supported by studs.
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 Rigidly- Supported Beams
(Reinforced Concrete Beams)
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 Rigidly- Supported Beams
(Steel Beams)
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 Sense of Bending in Beams

By definition, the bending moment in a horizontal

beam is positive at sections for which the top fibers
of the beam are in compression and the bottom
fibers are in tension. Moment is negative if top
fibers are in tension and bottom fibers in
compression.
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 Important considerations in
analyzing and designing beams

designing beams
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 Shear and Moment diagrams
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 Behavior of the beam in each span if
simply-supported (upper figure) or
rigidly-supported (lower figure)
.
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 Sample layouts of a house floor
framing plan. Arrows (left
figure)show the transfer of loads
from the flooring or deck to the
supporting beams.
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