Math 2030, Matrix Theory and Linear Algebra I, Fall 2011
Final Exam, December 13, 2011
FIRST NAME: LAST NAME: STUDENT ID:
SIGNATURE:
Part I: True or false questions
Decide whether each statement is true or false. If it is false, give a reason. (2 points each)
Problem 1. If A is diagonalizable then A−1 is diagonalizable.
Problem 2. For a linear system Ax = b where the entries of A are real numbers and A is 17 × 17, it’s
possible for the system to have exactly seventeen solutions.
Problem 3. The sum of two elementary matrices of the same size is an elementary matrix.
Problem 4. If A is an n × n-matrix then det(kA) = k det(A).
1
Problem 5. If A is a 2 × 2 square matrix with integer entries, then det A is an integer.
Problem 6. If A is an n × n-matrix, then det(AAT A) = (det A)3 .
Problem 7. Similar matrices have the same eigenvalues.
Problem 8. For all non-zero vectors u, v, w ∈ Rn , one has (u · v) · w = u · (v · w).
Problem 9. If v1 , v2 are two non-zero vectors in R3 , span{v1 , v2 } is a plane through the origin.
Problem 10. A linearly independent set of vectors in Rn has at least n elements.
2
Problem 11. Let A and B be 2 × 2-matrices. If AB = 0 then A = 0 or B = 0.
Problem 12. If A is an invertible n × n-matrix, then the equation Ax = b is consistent for each b ∈ Rn .
Problem 13. Let A be an n × n triangular matrix with n distinct eigenvalues. Then the determinant of A is
equal to the product of its eigenvalues.
Problem 14. Every n × n-matrix A with real entries has at least one real eigenvalue.
Problem 15. If A is n × n and diagonalizable, then A has n distinct eigenvalues.
3 1 0
" # " # " #
Problem 16. The vectors u = 1 , v = 0 , and w = 4 are linearly independent over Z5 .
1 2 0
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Part II: Multiple choice questions
Please circle the letter (a), (b), (c), or (d) corresponding to the correct answer for each question.
(2 points each)
Problem 1. For all non-zero vectors v in Rn , the non-zero vector u is orthogonal to:
(a) projv (u) (b) v − proju (v) (c) v + proju (v) (d) proju (v)
Problem 2. Which of the following expresses the fact that the vectors u and v have the same length?
(a) u · u = v · v (b) ku + vk = kuk − kvk (c) u
kuk = v
kvk (d) ku + vk = kuk + kvk
Problem 3. The distance between the two planes 2x − y + z = 1 and −4x + 2y − 2z = 1 is
3 3 9 3
(a) √ (b) (c) (d) √
2 6 4 24 6
4
Problem 4. The system
5x − y + z = 0
4x − 3y + 7z = 0
has
(a) only a trivial solution
(b) the unique solution x = 4, y = 31, z = 11
(c) no solution
(d) an infinite number of solutions
Problem 5. Which of the following functions f : R2 → R2 is a linear transformation?
x 0
h i h i
(a) f y = x
x
h i 1 x
h i
(b) f y = p
x +y y
2 2
x x+1
h i h i
(c) f y = y + 1
x x2 + y 2
h i
(d) f y =
2xy
5
1 1 1
2 1 0
Problem 6. If w = r is a linear combination of v = 3 and u = 5 then r and s must be,
s 1 −1
respectively,
(a) 3, 1 (b) 2, 0 (c) 1, 3 (d) 0, −2
Problem 7. If A and B are n × n symmetric matrices, which of the following is not necessarily symmetric?
(a) −2B T (b) A + B (c) AB (d) AT A
Problem 8. If A and B are n × n-matrices and if det A = 2, det B = 3, then det(AB −1 ) =
2 2
(a) (−1)n (b) (c) (−1)n 6 (d) 6
3 3
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Problem 9. Assume that a certain 5 × 5-matrix has two eigenvalues, and that the eigenspace corresponding
to one of them is 3-dimensional. What must the dimension of the eigenspace of the second eigenvalue be if
the matrix is diagonalizable?
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 2
1 1 −2 −1
" #
Problem 10. A vector in the null space of A = −1 4 −3 1 is:
0 7 1 −8
1 1 2 1
−1 1 1 2
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) −1
−2 1 1 3
Problem 11. If A is a non-zero 4 × 7-matrix, then possible values for nullity(A) are:
(a) 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 (b) 6, 5, 4, 3 (c) 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 (d) 4, 3, 2, 1
7
1 1 1
( " # " # " #)
Problem 12. Consider the basis B = u1 = 0 , u2 = 1 , u3 = 1 of R3 , and consider the
0 0 1
1
" #
vector v = 2 . Determine the coefficients c1 , c2 , c3 such that v = c1 u1 + c2 u2 + c3 u3 . Which of the
1
following is true?
(a) c1 = 0 (b) c1 = 2 (c) c1 = 1 (d) c1 = −1
1 0 1
" #
Problem 13. Which of the following vectors is in the column space of the matrix A = 0 1 −1 ?
1 1 0
1 1 1 0
" # " # " # " #
(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) −1 (d) 1
3 2 1 2
x1
" #
x1 + x2 − x3 y y − 2y
h i h i h i
Problem 14. Let T x2 = x1 − x2 + x3 and S y1 = y1 + y 2 . Then [S ◦ T ] =
x3 2 1 2
1 1
" #
1 −2 1 1 −1 −1 3 −3
h i h i h i
(a) (b) (c) 2 0 0 (d) 2 −1
1 1 1 −1 1 −1 2
8
1
" #
Problem 15. Let n = 2 . While of the following subsets of R3 is a subspace of R3 ?
3
(a) {v | v + n = 0}
(b) {v | v · n = 0}
(c) {v | v · v = 1}
(d) {v | v · n = 1}
Problem 16. Which of the following is a basis of R3 ?
1 3 0
" # " # " #
(a) { 1 , −1 , 4 }
1 2 1
1 0 2
" # " # " #
(b) { 2 , 0 , 0 }
3 0 1
0 0 4
" # " # " #
(c) { −4 , 4 , 4 }
−1 1 5
2 3 1
" # " # " #
(d) { 1 , 1 , 0 }
3 0 0
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Part III: Detailed answer questions
(6 points each)
1
−2
Problem 1. (a) Let u = 0 . Find a unit vector in the direction of −u.
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(b) The planes 2x + y − z = 2 and x + y + z = 3 intersect in a line. Find the vector form equation of
this line.
1
" #
(c) Let u = 2 . Describe all vectors v such that u · v = 1. Is this a vector subspace of R3 ?
1
10
Problem 2. Find the distance from the point (2, 2, 2) to the plane p with equation x + y − z = 0.
Problem 3. Solve the following system of equations using Gauss-Jordan elimination.
−2x + y + z = 4
x − 2y + z = 1
x + y − 2z = −5
11
1 0
h i h i
Problem 4. For each of the following two linear functions T : R2 → R2 , find T ( 0 ) and T ( 1 ), and
give the standard matrix [T ] of T .
(a) T is a rotation by 90 degrees, as shown in the illustration:
y y
x x
1 0
h i h i
Answer: T ( 0 ) = T( 1 ) = [T ] =
(b) T is a reflection about the y-axis:
y y
x x
1 0
h i h i
Answer: T ( 0 ) = T( 1 ) = [T ] =
12
3 2 −2
" #
Problem 5. Find the inverse of A = 0 1 0 if it exists.
−1 −1 1
Problem 6. Compute the determinant of A.
1 0 3 −1
1 0 2 0
A = 2 −2 1 4
2 0 1 0
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Problem 7. Find bases for col(A) and null(A) if
1 3 −1
" #
A= 1 2 0
2 5 −1
Problem 8. Determine whether A is diagonalizable and, if so, find an invertible matrix P and a diagonal
matrix D such that A = P DP −1 .
5 4 −4
" #
A= −8 −7 8
0 0 1
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Extra page for rough work.
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