Insemination

Insemination is the deliberate introduction of sperm into 2 Artificial insemination

a female animal or plant for the purpose of impregnating
or fertilizing the female for sexual reproduction. The
sperm is introduced into the uterus of a mammal or the
oviduct of an oviparous (egg-laying) animal.
In mammals, insemination normally occurs during sexual Main article: Artificial insemination
intercourse when the male ejaculates into the female’s re-
productive tract, but insemination can take place in other
Artificial insemination is the introduction of sperm into
ways, such as artificial insemination. Each form of insem-
the reproductive tract of a female by means other than
ination has legal, moral and interpersonal implications.
sexual intercourse for the purpose of impregnating the
Whether insemination takes place naturally or by artifi-
female.[5]
cial means, however, the pregnancy and the progress of it
will be the same. The most common use of artificial insemination in the
case of humans is where a female cannot, for any of
Insemination may be called in vivo fertilisation (from in
a number of reasons, conceive by natural insemina-
vivo meaning “within the living”) because an egg is fertil-
tion by a sexual partner of her choice or by a sperm
ized inside the body, and is thus essentially the opposite
donor.[6] Artificial insemination techniques available in-
of in vitro fertilisation.
clude intracervical insemination and intrauterine insem-
In plants, the process of insemination is referred to as ination. The primary beneficiaries of artificial insem-
pollination. ination using donor sperm are lesbian couples, single
women.[7] and heterosexual couples suffering from male
infertility.[8] Compared with natural insemination, arti-
ficial insemination may be more invasive, and it may
require professional assistance and medical expertise,
which will have a cost element.[9]
1 Natural insemination
In addition to situations where a female’s partner suf-
fers from male infertility, sperm from a female’s male
Insemination by sexual intercourse is technically referred partner can also be used to impregnate the female arti-
to as “natural insemination” (NI) i.e. insemination by nat- ficially where the male partner has died or the partner
ural means.[1] In humans, insemination or impregnation has a genetic disorder. It may also be noted perhaps that
of a female is most commonly performed by sexual in- the British Human Fertilisation and Embryology Author-
tercourse with a male. Natural insemination can be per- ity[10] warned in 2009 that babies impregnated artificially
formed by the female’s normal sexual partner or by a may have a 30% higher risk of genetic abnormality.[11]
sperm donor ejaculating within a fertile female’s repro- There are laws in some countries which restrict and reg-
ductive tract during sexual intercourse.[2]
ulate who can donate sperm and who is able to receive
In most cultures insemination by a male through sexual artificial insemination, and the consequences of such in-
intercourse, whether the female’s normal sex partner or semination. Subject to any regulations restricting who
not, is subject to social and sexual inhibitions and taboos, can obtain donor sperm, donor sperm is available to all
and has legal, moral and interpersonal implications.[3] women who, for whatever reason, want or need it. Some
The incidence of natural insemination by sperm donor is women living in a jurisdiction which does not permit arti-
usually a private matter, and may also carry greater risks ficial insemination in the circumstance in which she finds
than where the services of a sperm bank or fertility cen- herself may travel to another jurisdiction (a 'fertility des-
ter are used. However, supporters claim higher pregnancy tination') which permits it. (See Sperm donation laws by
rates and a more 'natural' conception which does not in- country.)
volve the intervention and intrusion of third parties.[4] A Artificial insemination has been and continues to be com-
sperm donor donating through natural insemination will monly used in livestock breeding as an efficient way of
usually only have sexual intercourse with the woman dur- increasing breeding. With artificial insemination, sperm
ing the woman’s monthly fertile period, and not at other is used to impregnate the female by direct deposit into the
times. female’s reproductive tract.[12]

1
2 6 EXTERNAL LINKS

3 Other forms of insemination [11] Kryn, Jeremy. “IVF babies up to 10 times more likely to
suffer rare genetic disorders: geneticist”. Life Site. Re-
trieved 4 December 2015.
In various other animal species, sperm can be introduced
into the female’s reproductive tract by various means. For [12] “Benefits of artificial insemination in livestock”. Animal
example, in some species of hemiptera sperm can be in- Smart. American Society of Animal Science. Retrieved 4
troduced violently by traumatic insemination, parenteral December 2015.
injection through the body wall. In some species of ani-
mals, sperm finds its way through the body wall when the
spermatophore is left in contact with the female’s skin, 6 External links
such as in the onychophora.
• Photos of Honeybee´s insemination

4 See also
• Internal fertilization

• Artificial insemination

• Assisted reproductive technology

• Conception device

• Ejaculation

• Fertilisation

• Sperm bank

• Sperm donation

• Traumatic insemination

5 References
[1] “What is natural insemination?". Retrieved 4 December
2015.

[2] “Sex for babies offer: Women desperate to get pregnant

offering to sleep with sperm donors”. Mirror. 1 May
2013. Retrieved 4 December 2015.

[3] Walshe, M. O'C. “Buddhism and Sex”. Access to Insight.

Retrieved 4 December 2015.

[4] “What is natural insemination?". Retrieved 4 December

2015.

[5] “Infertility and Artificial Insemination”. Retrieved 4 De-

cember 2015.

[6] Berkley, Sean (12 November 2011). “6 Terrifying Things

Nobody Tells You About Donating Sperm”. Retrieved 4
December 2015.

[7] Single Mothers by Choice.com

[8] “Male infertility”. Retrieved 4 December 2015.

[9] Uffalussy, Jennifer Gerson (6 February 2014). “The Cost

of IVF: 4 Things I Learned While Battling Infertility”.
Forbes. Retrieved 4 December 2015.

[10] “Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority”.

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7 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1 Text
• Insemination Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insemination?oldid=706169060 Contributors: Deb, Raul654, Beland, Kaldari, Joy-
ous!, Mormegil, Mwanner, Arcadian, Hooperbloob, Versageek, 2004-12-29T22:45Z, Dandv, Ekem, Lhademmor, Quiddity, Deville,
CWenger, Yamaguchi , Gilliam, Fplay, MTSbot~enwiki, Hu12, Iridescent, Cydebot, Gogo Dodo, Chitomcgee, GLGerman~enwiki, An-
tique Rose, Kauczuk, JAnDbot, Kaobear, LittleOldMe, Freedomlinux, Manka, Mikael Häggström, Infertilityws, Nisco, Flyer22 Reborn,
AMbot, Enthusiast01, Drmies, Niceguyedc, Kaiba, ALEXEIS, Addbot, Jadol~enwiki, Glane23, Jarble, AnomieBOT, JimVC3, Slynn2,
SD5, Surv1v4l1st, I dream of horses, MastiBot, Player-23, Wikignome0530, Donner60, AmiiKaay, JonRichfield, Wdchk, BG19bot,
Ehsanef, Snozberryz10, Pryceisright, Nareshneupane1 and Anonymous: 40

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7.3 Content license

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