Lesson Plan in Science 4

I. OBJECTIVE
• To identify the different parts of the digestive system and its functions 
To trace the path of food in the digestive system.
• To promote proper ways of caring our digestive system
II. SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: The Digestive System
B. References: Science For Daily Use 4; pp. 30-33
C. Science Concept/s:
• Digestive System – is the organ system responsible in digesting
foods.
• Digestion – is the process of breaking down food into a form that
can be absorbed for use by the body.
• Saliva – a liquid in the mouth that softens the food for easy
swallowing.
• Ptyalin – an enzyme in saliva that helps in the digestion of starch.
• Esophagus – a long muscular tube that starts from the back of your
throat and ends in your stomach.
• Peristalsis – rhythmic, wave-like muscle movements that pushed
down the food from esophagus into the stomach.
• Stomach – is a muscular pouch that secretes gastric juice that
helps in the digestion of protein.
• Chyme – food in the stomach that is partly digested and mixed with
stomach juice.
• Small intestine – a six-meter coiled long tube in the lower
abdomen.
• Large intestine – where indigestible materials go; serve as a
temporary storage of water.
• Rectum – where feces are stored.
• Anus – where feces are eliminated.
• Digestion starts in the mouth. The food is changed into soluble
form. The saliva softens the food. The partially digested food
enters the esophagus. It then goes to the stomach. The food is
further changed into liquid form in the small intestine so that the
blood can carry it to the different parts of the body. Undigested
parts of the food are pushed into the large intestine, where they
remain until the feces are expelled by a bowel movement.
D. Processes: Identifying, Describing, Communicating
E. Materials: Visual aids, Puzzles, Video Clips, Digestive System Model,
Activity Sheets
F. Value Infusion: Proper Caring of our Digestive System

III. PROCEDURES
I. Guided Inquiry
1. Review
Teacher Pupils

Stand up class and let us pray Amen…….

Good morning class Good morning Ma’am

You may take your seat Thank you!

(Pupils be seated)

Do you still remember our topic yesterday? Yes Ma’am!

What is it all about? It is all about different properties

of liquids

Very good! What are those different properties

Liquids occupy space and take
of liquid? the shape of its container; it has
mass; liquids flow and have taste,
color, smell and thickness.

Very Good!

2. Motivation Alright!

Before we proceed to our next lesson, we will

Yes Ma’am
play a game. Do you want to play a game class?

Very good!

I will group you into two. This will be the group one
and the other is group two. I will give each group a
puzzle to answer. The first group to finish the task

wins! Do you understand? Yes Ma’am

Very Good!

Let’s start the game!

(game proper) (pupils do the game)

The group ____ finish first that’s why the are the

Winners! Give them a round of applause! (pupils clap)

3. Science Vocabulary

Did you enjoy the game class? Yes Ma’am

Very Good!
What have you noticed about the Puzzles? It is a model of a Digestive
System
Very Good!

What is a Digestive System? Digestive system is an organ

Very Good! system responsible in digesting
foods.

What do you call the process of digesting food? Digestion!

Very Good!

Do you want to know how food had been digested

in the digestive system? Yes Ma’am

Alright!

Let’s watch this video clip.

(film viewing) (pupils watch)

Class did you enjoy watching the video clip? Yes Ma’am

Very good!

What is the video all about? It is all about the digestive system

Very good!

Can you enumerate the parts of our digestive

system? The different parts of our

digestive system are mouth,
esophagus, stomach, small
intestine and the large intestine

Very well said!

Can you elaborate the function mouth? The mouth is responsible for
cutting, grinding and softening of
food for an easy swallowing.

Very good!

Can you locate where is the mouth in our

digestive system model? (pupil will point it out)

Very Good!

What about the esophagus? What is its function? Esophagus is a muscular tube
that starts from the back of your
throat and ends in the stomach.
This is where food pushed down
to the stomach.

Very Good!

Can you locate where the esophagus here is? (Pupil points it out)
Very Good!
What about the function of the stomach? Stomach is the muscular pouch
that secretes gastric juice that
helps in the digestion of protein.

Very Good!

What do you call the food in the stomach that is

partly digested and mixed with stomach juice? It is called Chyme

Very Good!

Can you locate the Stomach in our Model? (Pupil points it out)

Very Good!

From the stomach, where will the Chyme go next? It will go into the small intestine
What is a small intestine? It is a six-meter coiled long tube
in the lower abdomen.

What happens inside the small intestine? Digestive juices like the bile from
the liver and the enzymes from
the pancreas and from the lining
of the small intestines help in the
digestion of food in the
projections in the inner walls of
the small intestines.

Very Good!

Where can you find the small intestine? (Pupil points it out)

Very Good!

How about the indigestible materials such as fibers

of fruits and vegetables, where it will go? It will go in the large intestine.

Very Good!

What will happen inside the large intestine? Water is absorbed, into the blood
through the walls of large
intestine. As water is absorbed,
the contents in the large intestine
turn into semi-solid feces.
Bacteria in the large intestine
breakdown the remaining solid
materials and produce vitamin k.

Very Good!!
Where will the feces be stored? In the lowest part of the large
intestine called rectum
Very good!
How long will it take for the feces to stored in the

rectum? Until it is eliminated through the

anus Very

well!

Can you locate the large intestine in our Model? (Pupil points it out) Very

Good!

Now, let’s trace the path of food in the digestive system

using a Model in our next activity.

4. Presentation
a. Presentation of materials

I will group you into two. Each group will be given a

Digestive System Model. You are going to trace

the path of food in the Digestive System using this

model. Then, answer the following questions on the

Activity sheets that will be given to you.

Is that clear? Yes Ma’am

Very well!

b. Statement of the problem

Our main problem in this activity is

“What is the path of food in the Digestive System?”

Again, Will you please read our main problem? “What is the path of food in the
Digestive System?”

Very good!

c. Setting of standards

Each group will be given five minutes to

complete the tasks. If the tasks will do just by
one pupil then it is impossibel to finish on time.
So, I want the cooperation of all members of the
group to make this possible. You may talk aloud
but be sure that you speak in english.

Is that clear? Yes Ma’am

Very good
 d. Distribution of Activity Card This

group will be the group one and the other is

group two I am now going to distribute the activity

sheet to you.

Please read carefully the instructions and answer the following

questions completely.

II. Guided Exploration

1. Activity Proper

(the pupils do the activity)

Okay times up! Each group will choose a leader

to present their work (pupils present their work)

Very good!

2. Analysis

Again, who can trace the path of food in the

Digestive System? Digestion starts in the mouth.

The food is changed into soluble
form. The saliva softens the
food. The partially digested food
enters the esophagus. It then
goes to the stomach. The food is
further changed into liquid form in
the small intestine so that the
blood can carry it to the different
parts of the body. Undigested
parts of the food are pushed into
the large intestine, where they
remain until the feces are
expelled by a bowel movement.

Very well explained!

III. Guided Discovery

1. Generalization

Class do you understand our lesson for today? Yes Ma’am!

Again, what is the Digestive System? It is an organ system that is
responsible in digesting food.
What are the parts of our Digestive System? The parts of the digestive system
are mouth, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine and the large
intestine
Very Good!

Where does the digestion takes place first? In the mouth

What do you call the liquid in the mouth that

softens the food? Saliva

From the mouth, where will the food goes next? In the esophagus

Then where will it pushed down? In the stomach.

Then what will happen as it goes to small intestine? The food is further changed into
liquid form so that the blood can
carry it to the different parts of the
body.

Very good!

Then the undigested parts of the food, where

will it go? In the large intestine

will it remain until the feces are expelled by a

bowel movement? Yes Ma’am

will you please elaborate again the path of food

in the digestive system?
Digestion starts in the mouth.
The food is changed into soluble
form. The saliva softens the food.
The partially digested food enters
the esophagus. It then goes to
the stomach. The food is further
changed into liquid form in the
small intestine so that the blood
can carry it to the different parts
of the body. Undigested parts of
the food are pushed into the large
intestine, where they remain until
the feces are expelled by a bowel
movement.
Very well said!

Very good class!

2. Application

Now, I have pictures here of different parts of the

Digestive System. I want you to locate and arranged

them in the human digaram in their proper order.

Who wants to answer? (pupil answers)

Very good!

Now, label the parts of the digestive system. (pupil label the parts) Very

good!

Now trace the path of food starting from the mouth

using a marker. (pupil answer)

Very Good!

3. Valuing

Do you think it is important to take care of our

digetive system? Yes Ma’am

how are we going to maintain our digestive system

function properly? (pupil answers)

very well!

IV. EVALUATION

Class answer this on your quiz notebook

A. Identify the parts of the Digestive System being

described.
1. a long muscular tube that starts from the back
of your throat and ends in your stomach.
2. is a muscular pouch that secretes gastric juice
that helps in the digestion of protein.
3. where indigestible materials go; serve as a
temporary storage of water.
4. a six-meter coiled long tube in the lower
abdomen.
5. This is where the digestion starts
B. Arrange the following statements in their
proper order. Write numbers 1 – 6.

_____ Digestion starts in the mouth.

_____Undigested parts of the food are pushed into the

large intestine, where they remain until the feces are

expelled by a bowel movement.

_____ The food is changed into soluble form. The saliva

softens the food.

_____ It then goes to the stomach.

_____ The partially digested food enters the Esophagus.

_____ The food is further changed into liquid form

in the small intestine so that the blood can carry it

to the different parts of the body.

Are you through? Yes Ma’am

Okay let’s check your answers

(pupils answer to activity A

1.Esophagus 2. Stomach 3.
Large intestine 4.small intestine
5. Mouth B. 1,6,2,4,3,5 ) Very

good!

Who got the perfect score?

Raise your hand. (pupils raise their hand)

V. ASSIGNMENT

For your assignment…

(teacher posts the assignment) Will

you please read ?

Answer “Checking Up” on your

textbook page 33 (pupil read)

Is there any questions for that? None!

Very good

Lets stand up and pray! Amen…

Goodbye class! Good bye Ma’am

Activity Sheet

I. Problem : “What is the path of food in the Digestive

System?”
 II. Materials: Digestive System Model, Marker III.

Procedures:

a. Using the model, trace the path of food in the digestive system.

b. Label the parts where it pass through.

Answer these:

1. What is the path of food in the digestive system?