A REPORT ON ITEMS ANALYSIS

For the Partial fulfillments of B.Ed. Fourth Year Programme

Under Tribhuvan University.

Submitted To:
Resunga Multiple Campus
Department Of English Education
Resunga Municipality -1 Tamghas, Gulmi

Submitted By:
Manoj Bhusal
Symbol No.: ______________
TU Registration No.: _______________
 Abstract:
This report has been prepared for the Partial fulfillments of B.Ed. Fourth
Year Teaching Practice Programme Under Tribhuvan University. This
report includes the detail of Items analysis which is classified out by B.Ed.
studying student for the completion of his bachelor degree.
Item analysis plays a crucial role in educational assessment by
providing valuable insights into the effectiveness of test items and the
overall quality of an assessment. This report explores the key concepts,
methods, and significance of item analysis in educational testing. By
examining item difficulty, discrimination, and distractor analysis, educators
can enhance the reliability and validity of assessments, ultimately leading to
improved student learning outcomes.
 SHREE THULOPOKHARA SECONDARY SCHOOL
Gulmidurbar – 7, Charpala
Annual examination - 2080
Grade: 8 F.M. - 75
Subject: English Time: 2 hrs. 15 min.

*Candidates are required to give their answer in their own word as far as practicable.
Attempt all questions.
1.Rewrite the following sentences filling the gaps with suitable words.[5]
a. Ramita had her daughter ……….. the cow. (milk/ to milk/ milked)
b. The children are afraid ………… the cat. (with/ of/ at)
c. We ………English now. (learn/ are learning/ learnt)
d ………..man who is in the red shirt is my brother.(a/ an/ the)
e. Laxmi Prasad Devkota could have lived longer if he…….. so heavily.
(didn’t smoke/ smoked/ hadn’t smoked)

2. Change the following sentences as directed in the brackets. [5×1=5]

a. Purna said, “I’ve done my homework.” (in indirect Speech)
b. Lata buys vegetables. (into passive)
c. Rita is going to Pokhara. (into past tense)
d. Either Badal or Upendra are working in a school. (Correct the sentence)
e. Muna did not attend the party ………… She was feeling unwell. (join
sentences using suitable connective)

3. Punctuate the following paragraph. 5

the man said, The village with clustered houses is ghale Gaun It is situated
at northwest of Besishahar in Lamjung. It takes about a five-hour walk to
reach there on foot from Besishahar. we can get there by Bus too. People
who cannot walk can take a bus to go there. Almost all the inhabitants of
Ghale Gaun are Ghyabre gurus

4. Read the following text and do the activities that follow. [10]
Ganesh Man Singh is publicly acclaimed as an acceptable leader of
democracy. It is a sign of respect that all the Nepalese show towards him
that they call him the supreme leader. He was born to a well-to-do family on
November 09, 1915 in Itumbahal, Kathmandu. He studied in Darbar High
school till grade six. He was expelled from the school for not respecting his
fellow students who were Ranas. He went to India to continue his studies.
After completing his I.Sc. from Vidyasagar college, he returned to Nepal.
As soon as he returned to Nepal, he planned to protest against the autocratic
rulers of Nepal. In 1940, he joined the Praja Parishad, the first political party
in Nepal. Unfortunately, he was arrested on October 18, 1940. Though he
was sentenced to life in prison for anti-Rana activities, he ultimately escaped
from Bhadra Gol Jail in 1944. He spent many years struggling against the
party less Panchayat system. Finally, he led the Nepalese Democratic
Movement in 1990 which overthrew the Panchayat System. He was the first
Asian to be honored with the United Nations Human Rights Award which
he received in 1993.
A. State whether the following sentences are ‘True’ or ‘False’. [2.5]
a. Ganesh Man Singh was born to a well-to-do family.
b. He respected his fellow students who were Ranas.
c. He did his I. Sc. from Darbar High school.
d. He stayed in jail for life time.
e. The Nepalese Democratic Movement 1940 overthrew the Pan-chayat
System.
B. Match the words in column with their meanings in column. [2.5]
‘A’ ‘B’
a. Acclaimed i. to make a strong objection.
b. Protest ii. jail
c. Sentence iii. greatly praised or highly respected.
d. Prison iv. the judicial order for punishment.
e. autocratic v. holding independent and arbitrary powers.
C. Answer the following questions. [5×1=5]
a) Who is Ganesh Man Singh?
b) Where was he born?
c) Where did he complete his I. Sc. from?
d) Why did he join the Praja Parishad?
e) When was the Panchayat System overthrown in Nepal?

5. Read the following poem and do the activities that follow. [10]
A woman with her small baby entered her mango garden. Most of the
mangoes were ripe. It could be easily guessed from far away because of
scent. She saw many mangoes fallen on the ground. She put her baby on the
ground and began to collect the mangoes. When she looked at her baby saw
a furious cobra near the baby rearing its head up. She fainted and lay
unconscious on the ground. The small baby tried to catch the snake. It was
playing with it as if he were playing with a toy. The snake didn’t hurt him.
When his mother gained consciousness, she found the innocent baby beside
her. He had come there by crawling.
A. Match the words with their opposite meanings. [2]
Ripe guilty
Scent scatter
Collect odor
Innocent raw
B. Rearrange the following sentences into correct order. [5]
a) The child played with the snake.
b) She put the baby on the ground.
c) The women entered the garden.
d) She began to collect the mangoes
e) She became unconscious.
C. Answer the following questions. [3]
a) With whom the woman entered the mango garden?
b) What did she see near the baby?
c) Did the snake hurt the baby?

6. Study the given vacancy and do the activities that follow. [10]
Vacancy Announcement
City Center Shopping Centre, a well-known shopping center for genuine
goods/products in Kathmandu, announces a vacancy for the post of an
accountant. A hardworking and energetic candidate having at least three
years of work experience can apply with a detailed CV and two passport
size color photographs.
Qualification: B. Com /B.B.S.
Age: Below40 years
Other requirements: Good knowledge in computer-Word, Excel and Tally
Application deadline: March 10,2019
Write to:
The General Manager
City Centre Shopping Centre
Kamalpokhari, Kathmandu
A. Match the words in column A with their meaning in column B. [5]
A B
Well known a person who keeps an account
Post reputed
Energetic designation
Deadline full of strength, active
Accountant last date
Format request
B. Answer the following questions. [5]
a) What is the required qualification for the post?
b) What kind of candidates can apply for the advertised post?
c) What additional qualifications or skills are required for the post?
d) Who has announced the vacancy?
e) Who should be addressed the application?

7. Complete the following dialogue by choosing the correct expressions

from the box given below. [5]
Shopkeeper: Good afternoon, sir_____________
Customer: Good afternoon. I would like to look at some T-shirts.
Shopkeeper: _____________________________
Customer: A well one. Do you have cotton ones?
Shopkeeper: Yes, of course.
Customer: Please, ________________________
Shopkeeper: Oh, sorry, it’s smaller in size. It won’t suit for you.
Customer: Yeah! ____________________ I want to offer him it as a
birthday gift.
Shopkeeper: Well then, _____________________

a. What sort of T-shirts would you like, Sir? b. What can I do for you?
c. Show me that yellow one. d. It’s great. e. I’m choosing it for my son.

8. Write an essay on MY MOTHER. [10]

Or
Write a letter to your friend telling him about your experience of COVID-
19. [10]

9. Prepare an attractive leaflet including safety measures for Covid-19.[5]

10. Describe the following picture in your own words. [5]

Your labour will be paid off!

Introduction:
1.1 Background:
Educational assessment is a fundamental component of the
teaching and learning process, aiding in the evaluation of
students' knowledge and skills. Item analysis is a systematic
approach to evaluating the performance of individual test items to
ensure the reliability and validity of assessment instruments.
1.2 Purpose:
The primary purpose of item analysis is to identify and refine test
items that effectively measure the intended learning objectives.
By analyzing item characteristics such as difficulty,
discrimination, and distracter effectiveness, educators can make
informed decisions about the quality of their assessments.
Key Concepts in Item Analysis:
2.1 Difficulty Index:
The difficulty index measures the proportion of examinees who
answered a particular item correctly. A well-balanced test
includes items of varying difficulty to discriminate between high
and low achievers.
2.2 Discrimination Index:
The discrimination index assesses the ability of an item to
differentiate between high and low performers. A high
discrimination index indicates that the item effectively
distinguishes between students with different levels of knowledge
or skill.
2.3 Distractor Analysis:
Distractor analysis involves examining the effectiveness of
incorrect answer choices. Well-constructed distractors should be
attractive to students who lack the required knowledge, providing
valuable information about misconceptions and common errors.
Methods of Item Analysis:
3.1 Classical Test Theory (CTT):
CTT is a traditional approach to item analysis that focuses on the
statistical properties of test items, including difficulty and
discrimination indices. CTT provides valuable information but
has limitations, such as assuming item independence.
3.2 Item Response Theory (IRT):
IRT is a more modern approach that considers the probability of a
correct response based on the examinee's ability and the item's
characteristics. IRT models provide a more nuanced
understanding of item performance and are particularly useful for
computerized adaptive testing.

Significance of Item Analysis:

4.1 Enhancing Test Quality:
Item analysis helps educators identify and eliminate poorly
performing items, ensuring that assessments accurately measure
the intended learning outcomes.
4.2 Improving Teaching and Learning:
By analyzing item-level data, educators gain insights into
students' strengths and weaknesses, allowing for targeted
instructional interventions.
4.3 Facilitating Fairness and Equity:
Item analysis assists in identifying potential biases and ensuring
that assessments are fair and equitable for all students, regardless
of demographic factors.
Challenges and Considerations:
5.1 Test Length and Time Constraints:
Balancing the need for comprehensive item analysis with
practical considerations, such as test length and time constraints,
can be challenging.
5.2 Cultural Sensitivity:
Ensuring that test items are culturally sensitive and free from bias
requires careful consideration during the item development and
analysis process.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, item analysis is a vital component of educational
assessment, contributing to the overall quality, fairness, and
effectiveness of tests. By employing robust item analysis
methods, educators can make informed decisions to improve both
assessment instruments and instructional practices, ultimately
benefiting student learning outcomes.