11 VI June 2023

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53987
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue VI Jun 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

LPG Gas Leakage Detector

Prof. Milind Patwardhan1, Ruchita Kamble2, Samarth Kamble3, Anjali Kaminwar4, Omkar Kanadkhedkar5, Sujit
Kanawade6, Santosh Kandhare7
Department of Engineering Science and Humanities (DESH), Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, 411037, Maharashtra,
India

Abstract: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is extensively used in urban areas as a clean fuel source, but gas leakage can be a
serious safety issue in homes, businesses, and vehicles. To prevent accidents related to gas leakage, a gas leakage detection
system can be installed at vulnerable locations. This sensor based automated system is built to identify or detect uncertainties and
notify them to users in case of gas leakage. The system includes an alerting system for users to ensure they are aware of any
potential danger. To decrease concentration of gas in air exhaust fan is included in system. To take necessary step relay module
is present to switch off the electronic devices. Overall, the proposed system aims to increase safety and prevent accidents caused
by gas leakage.
Keywords: buzzer, exhaust fan, liquefied petroleum gas, MQ-6 sensor, relay module.

I. INTRODUCTION
Gas leaks are a serious problem that can lead to dangerous accidents in many environments including homes, businesses and
vehicles. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is commonly used as fuel due to its desirable properties of high calorific value, low
emission of smoke and low environmental impact.
However, LPG is highly flammable and can cause explosions and fires if released. These accidents can cause property damage,
loss of life and even death.
Gas leaks can occur due to poor quality cylinders, outdated valves, worn regulators and ignorance of the rules for handling gas
cylinders. Odorants are added to LPG to detect leaks some of them are ethanethiol, thiophene and mercaptan. Some individuals with
olfactory impairments might not rely on this defense mechanism. Gas leak detectors are therefore necessary to shield individuals
from the possibility of gas leakage. Methods for detecting gas leaks have been the subject of several research papers [1].
A low-cost, sophisticated sensor-based gas leak detection, warning, and control system is suggested in this article. The system is
easy to manage, efficient, compact and economical. The integration of sound and visual form can warn users of gas leaks and cut off
power supply to prevent accidents.
The suggested system's primary function is LPG detection. A message will be sent to the registered mobile number when a tiny
amount of LPG is brought close to the MQ6 sensor. The created system will benefit the client because gas leaks and booking issues
are now issues that LPG gas customers face.
They can raise their safety standards and prevent a major disaster. It also aids in the prevention of mishaps that appear to occur to
people and their property. The primary aim of the proposed system is to notify the user when a gas leak is discovered using a gas
sensor, in order to prevent injury or an outburst. As a result, the proposed solution makes living a happy life easier for
LPG gas customers [2].
Today's way of life has made safety a major issue. LPG and CNG, or petroleum gas and compressed natural gas, are the most often
used cooking fuels in homes and businesses, as well as in a range of vehicles to replace costlier fuels such as diesel and gasoline.
These gases are housed in cylinders that are easily broken. However, leaks can occur through pipes, regulators, or knobs, resulting in
disasters such as suffocation or discomfort, as well as the occurrence of a fire or short circuit. The major purpose of this assignment
is to advance a system for detecting gas leaks. On detection a signal will be sent to turn of the electronic devices [3].
LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) has characteristic of burning smokeless in air and is odorless. As the gas is heavier as compared to
air will not disappear easily and may lead to suffocation if inhaled. To take requisite action, buttons on the exhaust fan to decrease
the concentration of gas in surrounding atmosphere. The gas leakage detection is method of detecting hazardous gas leaks using
sensors. Specified mobile number will get notified using GSM module. Propane and butane present in LPG are highly flammable
chemicals [4]. Gas sensors are presently used in a variety of sectors throughout the world, including instrumentation, safety, and
health. A gas sensor is used in this investigation to accomplish the same thing. The sensor is widely used to detect gas leaks in a
wide range of surrounding applications.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1955
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue VI Jun 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

II. METHODOLOGY
Now gas sensors are globally used in instrumentation, health and safety industries. In the same way, gas sensors are used in this
paper. The sensor used will continuously monitor gas leaks in wide range for different surrounding application.

In the incident of an LPG gas leakage, the functioning of electrical devices can lead to a crucial safety hazard and increase the risk
of mishaps. The system is designed to immediately detect the presence of gas leakage and automatically interrupt the room's power
supply while simultaneously activating the exhaust fan to decrease the concentration of LPG gas in the surrounding air. MQ6 gas
sensor detects the presence of gas and sends an analog signal to the microcontroller. The Arduino Uno has a built-in analog-to-
digital converter (ADC) that can convert analog signals to digital signals with 10 bits resolution. The microcontroller processes the
digital signal and sends an instruction to the GSM module to send an SMS alert to the user's mobile phone. It provides real-time
notifications to the user, even when the user is away from the location where the gas leak is detected. This allows the user to take
appropriate action on time, such as shutting off the gas supply or look for assistance from a professional gas technician.

Fig 1: Circuit Diagram

III. SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

A. Software Requirement
1) Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE is an open source and an official software mostly used for compiling and authoring code into Modules of Arduino. The
individual without any prior technical expertise may get started learning as code compilation is so simple in Arduino IDE. Operating
systems such as Windows, MAC, Linux can conveniently access it. This software operates on Java Platform, which contain build-in
functions and commands essential for modifying, debugging and compiling the code.

B. Hardware Needed
1) Arduino UNO
One of the standard board of Arduino is Arduino UNO. Here UNO stands for 'one' as per Italian language. The first release was
made under the name of Arduino as UNO.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1956
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue VI Jun 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

Also, it was the first USB board launched by Arduino. It is considered as one of the powerful board and is used in various projects.
ATmega328P microcontroller is utilized in Arduino UNO. We compared this board with other existing board like Arduino Mega
board, etc and it is easier to use. This board includes analog and digital Input or Output pins, circuits and shields. This board include
14 digital pins, a power jack 6 analog pin inputs, a USB connector and an In- Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) header. It is
programmed based on Integrated Development Environment (IDE) which can run on both offline and online platforms.

Fig 2: Arduino UNO

2) MQ-6 Sensor
The MQ-6 gas sensor is a small module that is used to detect the presence of various gases in the air, including LPG (liquefied
petroleum gas) and propane. The sensor works by measuring the resistance changes in a tin dioxide (SnO2) sensing element, which
is heated by a small heating element inside the sensor. When gas molecules come in contact with the sensing element, the resistance
of the element changes, and this change is utilized to detect the presence and concentration of the gas. The MQ-6 sensor has a quick
response time and great sensitivity. Because of these attributes it is used in broad range of applications, including gas leakage
detection, industrial gas detection, and even in portable gas detectors. However, it should be noted that the sensor can also be
affected by other gases, such as alcohol and smoke, which can lead to false readings if not properly calibrated.
To use an MQ-6 gas sensor, it is usually connected to a microcontroller or other circuitry that can read changes in the sensing
element's resistance and convert it into a useful signal. Sensor modules typically have 4 pins: VCC, GND, DOUT, and AOUT. VCC
and GND are used to power the sensor, and DOUT and AOUT provide digital and analog output signals respectively. The sensitivity
and response time of the sensor can be adjusted using a variable resistor on the module.

Fig 3: MQ-6 gas sensor

3) Relay 5V
Relay functions as switch and is one kind of electro-mechanical component. Contact switches can be closed or opened by energizing
relay coil by DC. Generally a 5V relay module with single channel contains a coil, and two contacts such as normally closed (NC)
and normally opened (NO). Since a 5V relay module is an automatic switch and controls large current with low current signals, it is
frequently utilised in automatic control circuits. Relay signal input voltage can range from 0V to 5V.

Fig 4: Relay 5V

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1957
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue VI Jun 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

4) GSM Module
Global system for mobile communication is a miniature cellular modem used for GPRS transmission, sending and receiving SMS
and for making voice calls. The data is compressed and digitalized by GSM, further transmit it over the channel along with two
other streams of user data. Own time interval. It operates in the frequency range of 900 MHz or 1800-MHz. It supports voice calls
along with SMS transmission and data rates of up to 9.6 kbps. It contains a GSM modem and other essential components including a
microcontroller, memory and power supply to facilitate communication over cellular networks.

Fig 5: GSM Module

Fig 6: Practical model

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The ultimate goal of the project is to build a finished LPG gas leakage detector. The project's sensor is connected to a Arduino uno,
which keeps an eye on any gas leaks. The GSM module sends a notification to user if any LPG gas leakage is detected and release
the gas from home using exhaust fan. The inclusion of both GSM module and relay module can further improve security.

V. CONCLUSION
A practical and cost-effective solution of gas leakage designed and implemented successfully. The project shall detect the leaked
LPG gas within the detection radius of 10 to 30 cm{that is it shall be placed relatively closed with the cylinder} with this project as
product, the people who use it shall feel safe and comfortable. The prototype's ability to alert users by sending the proper audio-
visual warning signals is confirmed by test results.

REFERENCES
[1] National Institute of Health. (2004). What you need to know about natural gas detectors. Available: http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/smelltaste/gas dtctr.asp.
Last accessed 12th March 2011.
[2] Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
[3] International Journal of Innovative Research & Studies Volume 8, Issue II, FEB/2018 ISSN NO : 2319-9725
[4] JIRT 151923 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 1321 Arduino Based Gas Leakage Detection System Using
IoT. , June 2021

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1958