• I n t r o d u c e y o u r s e l f and others

Working in the • ask a n d a n s w e r p e r s o n a l q u e s t i o n s

IT industry
• talk a b o u t s c h e d u l e d tasks
• use the a l p h a b e t a n d s p e l l out w o r d s

Meeting people
Speaking H o w d o y o u greet p e o p l e i n y o u r c o u n t r y ? W h a t d o y o u say w h e n y o u greet
p e o p l e i n English?

Reading 2 C o m p l e t e these dialogues w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e b o x .

all is meet name's Nice this

too you Welcome What's

1 Natasha: H i , m y (1) Natasha.

Khalid: Pleased t o (2) _ you. I'm Khalid Ali.
Natasha: Pleased t o meet y o u , ( 3 ) .

2 Philip: G o o d m o r n i n g . (4) . y o u r name?

Ahmed: I ' m A h m e d . A n d (5) _ are?
f'hilip: M y name's P h i l i p . (6) . t o meet y o u .

Tim: Hi everybody, (7). . is I n g r i d .

All: Hi!
Tim: I n g r i d , t h i s (8) . A h m e d , L i n d a , M o h a m m e d a n d Mansoor.
Ingrid: Nice m e e t i n g y o u (9)
Linda: Likewise.
Tim: (10) t o t h e t e a m a n d g o o d luck.

Listening 3 L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r answers.

4 L i s t e n again a n d repeat t h e dialogues.

Speaking 5 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Practise i n t r o d u c t i o n s . F o l l o w t h e i n s t r u c t i o n s below.

1 Introduce yourself.
2 I n t r o d u c e a new t e a m member.

1 Working in the IT industry

 Listening 6 L i s t e n t o t h i s d i a l o g u e a n d c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t answers.
K a t h r y n : K a r i m , w h a t d o y o u do?
Karim: I'm a (1) website developer/network administrator. Who do you
w o r k for?
K a t h r y n : I w o r k for CISCO. I ' m a (2) system analyst/website analyst there.
W h e r e are y o u f r o m , K a r i m ?
Karim: I'm f r o m K u w a i t . I w o r k for M i c r o s o f t t h e r e . A n d w h e r e are y o u
from, Kathryn?
Kathryn I ' m f r o m t h e (3) UK/US b u t n o w I live i n Qatar. Do y o u k n o w w h e r e
Glenda's from?
Karim: She's f r o m t h e US.
Kathryn A n d w h a t ' s h e r job?
Karim: She w o r k s for (4) IBM/Dell. Her j o b is t o set u p n e w s y s t e m s .

Language

Present tense of be

We use be to say who somebody is I'm Sam. 1 am Sam.

or what something is. You're/We're/They're from the UK. You/ We/They are from the UK.
He's/She's a website developer. He/She is a website developer.
It's in the US. It is in the US.
We use be to ask personal Where are you from?
questions. What's his name/job? What is his name/job?

7 BcXH L i s t e n a n d repeat these w o r d s .

I'm, You're, She's, He's, It's, We're, They're/Their

Reading 8 C o m p l e t e t h i s e m a i l w i t h am, is, are, their, our o r my.

Dear Colleagues
My name (1) Jessica Martin and I (2). the IT Support team
leader. The IT Support team members (3) Mahmoud Al Banawy,
Eli Ibrahim and Guido Pitteri. Mahmoud (4) our network administrator.
Eli and Guido (5) system maintenance officers. (6) job is to
keep our systems going. (7) job is to support you.
(8) contact number (9) 675 567 567.
Best regards
Jessica Martin

Writing 9 W r i t e a r e p l y t o t h e e m a i l i n 8. I n t r o d u c e y o u r s e l f a n d t h r e e p e o p l e i n
your group.

Speaking 1 0 W o r k i n pairs. A s k a n d a n s w e r q u e s t i o n s a b o u t y o u r j o b s , c o m p a n i e s
and nationalities.
Example:
A: Where are you from?
B: I'm from ....

Working in the IT industry 1 5

 Jobs i n IT
Speaking 1 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . List t h e IT j o b s y o u know.

Reading 2 Read t h i s t e a m i n t r o d u c t i o n . C o m p l e t e t h e d e s c r i p t i o n s 1-4 w i t h t h e IT j o b s i n

the box.

Hi! I'm Sylvia. I c r e a t e u s e r n a m e s and

p a s s w o r d s and I s e t firewalls.
This is Isabelle. Her j o b is t o plan and design t h e
network. A n d t h i s is Andrew. His j o b is t o make sure
all o f t h e c o m p u t e r s work properly. Finally, M a r k and
Latika. Their area is d a t a processing. We all work f o r
t h e university. Our offices are in building &.

database analyst IT support officer network administrator

network architect

1 Sylvia is a
2 Isabelle is a
3 A n d r e w is a n
4 M a r k a n d L a t i k a are

Language

Present simple
What do you do? I'm a programmer.

We use the present simple What does she do? She's a developer.
to talk about routines and Where does she work? She works for IBM in Poland. She doesn't work in
things that are permanent or Estonia.
happen all the time. Where do they work? They work for Siemens in Egypt.
Do you work in IT? Yes, 1 do/No 1 don't.

Listening 3 StfjEH L i s t e n t o t h r e e p e o p l e t a l k i n g a b o u t t h e i r jobs. C o m p l e t e these j o b

descriptions.
1 Karl
Job: software
R e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s : he designs a n d c o m p u t e r games.
2 Heba
Job: analyst
Responsibilities: h e . . computer problems.
3 Wojtek
Job: database
R e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s : he analyses a n d . . e l e c t r o n i c data.

6 1 Working in the IT industry

 1

Speaking 4 W o r k i n p a i r s . A s k a n d answer q u e s t i o n s a b o u t K a r l , Heba a n d Wojtek.

Example:
A: What does Karl do?
B.He's ....

Listening L i s t e n a n d c o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue.
Ahmed: W h e r e (1) y o u w o r k , Betty?
Betty: 1 w o r k for Dell i n D u b a i . W h a t (2) . you?
Ahmed: I (3) for HP i n Budapest. W h a t d o y o u (4) , Milo?
Milo: I'm a (5) . developer. I w o r k ( 6 ) . . Microsoft i n Prague.
Betty: Milo, do you (7). Frida?
Milo: Yes, I d o . W h a t d o y o u (8) t o know?
Betty: W h e r e (9) she w o r k ?
Milo: She w o r k s w i t h ( 1 0 ) . . i n Prague. She designs w e b s i t e s for
(11)
Ahmed: I see. Right, let's go. T h e w o r k s h o p s t a r t s i n five m i n u t e s .

6 L i s t e n a n d repeat these q u e s t i o n s .
1 Where do y o u work?
2 W h a t a b o u t you?
3 W h a t d o y o u do?
4 W h a t d o y o u w a n t t o know?
5 W h e r e does she w o r k ?

Writing 7 W h a t is y o u r d r e a m job? W r i t e a j o b d e s c r i p t i o n for t h e j o b of y o u r c h o i c e .

Job:

Company to work for:

Responsibilities:

Speaking 8 Tell t h e rest of t h e g r o u p a b o u t y o u r d r e a m j o b . Use y o u r notes t o h e l p y o u .

Example: My dream job is ... . I design/solve/analyse ....

Working in the IT industry

 Schedules
Listening L i s t e n t o t w o p e o p l e at a n IT conference. C o m p l e t e t h i s d i a l o g u e .

Penelope: Hi, D o n . (1) are you.'

Don: I'm (2) t h a n k s , Penelope. A n d you?
Penelope: I'm OK. Bit t i r e d f r o m t h e flight.
Don: Right.
Penelope: (3) w o r k s h o p (4) y o u w a n t t o a t t e n d today, Don?
Don: I w a n t t o go t o t h e CISCO n e t w o r k s e c u r i t y w o r k s h o p .
Penelope: Sounds i n t e r e s t i n g . W h a t t i m e does i t start?
Don: It (5) at 9.15.
Penelope: A n d (6) does i t finish?
Don: It (7) at 4.00 i n t h e a f t e r n o o n .
Penelope: Well, I (8) to attend the Microsoft Windows Applications
w o r k s h o p . It (9) at 8.30 a m a n d (10) at 6.00 p m .
But t h e y have t w o breaks, at 10.30 a n d 12.45.
Don: That's good.
Penelope: H o p e y o u e n j o y y o u r session.
Don: You t o o . See y o u a r o u n d .

Language

Schedules
We use ar with clock times.

It starts at 9.15. (nine fifteen!quarter past nine)

It begins at 8.30. (eight thirty/half past eight)
What time does it start/begin/finish/end? It finishes at 4.00. (four o'clock)
It ends at 5.05. (five oh five/five past five)

When do you have a break? We have a break at 12.45. (twelve forty-five/a quarter to one)

L i s t e n a n d repeat t h e s e t i m e s .
1 7.05 5 4.35
2 6.45 6 2.15
3 8 o'clock 7 12 o ' c l o c k
4 10.45 8 9.50
 L i s t e n a n d repeat t h e s e sentences.
1 It finishes at 5.00.
2 It ends at 8.00.
3 It s t a r t s at 6.00.

Speaking 4 W o r k i n pairs. A s k a n d answer q u e s t i o n s a b o u t y o u r d a i l y s c h e d u l e a n d breaks.

Make notes.
Example:
A: What time/When do you start work?
B: I start at 8.00. What about you?
A: I begin at... .

5 Tell a n o t h e r pair a b o u t y o u r p a r t n e r ' s schedule.

Example:... starts work at 8.00 and finishes at 4.00. She has a break at 12.00.

Reading 6 C o m p l e t e these sentences w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

at at in for from

I w o r k i n an office (1) D u b a i b u t I'm (2) Canada. I w o r k

(3) SAP t h e r e . I s t a r t w o r k (4) . 8.15, have l u n c h i n a cafe
(5) 1.30 a n d finish a b o u t 5.00.

/ II
9
Writing 7 W r i t e t h r e e sentences a b o u t y o u r s e l f a n d y o u r d a i l y schedule.

Working in the IT industry 1 9

 Spelling
Speaking W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . List t h e IT a c r o n y m s y o u know.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) FTP (File Transfer Protocol) a standard

HTML is a mark-up language used to network protocol used to copy a file from one
describe the structure of a web page. host to another.

WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) A type

of local-area network that uses
high-frequency radio wires to communicate
between nodes.

Listening 2 L i s t e n a n d c o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue.
B o b , c a n y o u (1) me, please?
Sure.
I d o n ' t u n d e r s t a n d t h i s a c r o n y m . W h a t does i t (2) for?
Let m e see. 'W3'. I ' m n o t sure. M a y b e WWW, t h e W o r l d W i d e Web.
OK. W h a t does P2P s t a n d for?
(3) s t a n d s for person-to-person.
OK. W h a t does IP (4) ?
It means I n t e r n e t P r o t o c o l .
H o w d o y o u (5) 'Protocol'?
p - r - o - t - o - c - o - 1 .
Thanks.
You're w e l c o m e .

L i s t e n t o t h e l e t t e r s a n d repeat t h e m .
a hj k
Z /zed/ in British bcdegptvz
English and /zee/ in f Imnsxz
American English.
i y
o
qu w
r
Speaking 4 W o r k i n pairs. Make a list of a c r o n y m s .
Ask a n d answer q u e s t i o n s .
Example:
A: What does HTML
stand for/mean?
B: It stands for/means ....

10 1 Working in the IT industry

 Business matters
Writing You are at a t r a i n i n g w o r k s h o p . T h e t r a i n e r asks all t h e trainees t o c o m p l e t e t h e
f o r m a n d i n t r o d u c e themselves. C o m p l e t e t h i s f o r m a b o u t yourself.

Participant Information

Name: Date:

DOB: Place of residence:

Contact: Phone Email

Interests:

IT job you want and why:

2 W o r k i n p a i r s . Swap y o u r profiles a n d i n t r o d u c e y o u r p a r t n e r .

3 W r i t e an email message t o i n t r o d u c e y o u r s e l f t o t h e e m p l o y e e s i n t h e c o m p a n y
u s i n g t h e profile b e l o w o r y o u r o w n i n f o r m a t i o n .

You are a n e w e m p l o y e e in a c o m p a n y . Your p o s i t i o n is a n e t w o r k

administrator. You are responsible for setting u p firewalls, s e c u r i t y levels,
wireless connection, usernames and passwords.

Speaking 4 W o r k i n p a i r s . Student A: y o u are t h e IT h e l p desk c o o r d i n a t o r , M r s M a h m o u d .

T u r n t o page 68. Student B: y o u are Sharifa. T u r n t o page 78. C o m p l e t e t h e task.
Swap t h e roles.

Dear Mrs Mahmoud,

I am a new e m p l o y e e i n F i n a n c e . I n e e d h e l p w i t h a c c e s s t o
t h e company n e t w o r k . P l e a s e c a n y o u o r g a n i s e a t r a i n i n g
s e s s i o n f o r me? I am f r e e o n T h u r s d a y a f t e r 2 . 3 0 . Do I n e e d
t o come t o y o u r o f f i c e ? Do y o u g i v e c e r t i f i c a t e s a f t e r t h e
t r a i n i n g ? T h a n k y o u v e r y much f o r y o u r h e l p .

Sharifa

Working in the IT industry I 1 11

 r O m n i l t P r * make comparisons
V> W i l l U L V / i • talk about w h a t is h a p p e n i n g now
• • talk about ability and necessity
o y o l d l l o • talk a b o u t o b l i g a t i o n s

Computer hardware
Speaking W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . M a k e a list of all t h e c o m p u t e r h a r d w a r e y o u use i n y o u r
w o r k o r study.

Vocabulary 2 Label t h e d i a g r a m w i t h t h e c o r r e c t i t e m s 1-11.

1 monitor 6 e x p a n s i o n cards (video, g r a p h i c )
2 case 7 power supply unit
3 motherboard 8 optical disk drive
4 CPU ( C e n t r a l Processing Unit 9 hard disk drive
or Processor) 10 keyboard
5 main m e m o r y (RAM) 11 mouse

Listening 3 ksj M. L i s t e n t o t w o colleagues a n d c o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue.

Bob: W h a t d o y o u t h i n k ? W h i c h (1) is b e t t e r for t h e sales team?
Daisy: I ' m n o t sure. T h i s c o m p u t e r has a (2) m e m o r y and I think it
has a (3) processor.
Bob: A n d t h e o t h e r one?
Daisy: Well, i t is (4)
Bob: A n d (5)
Daisy: Yes, y o u ' r e r i g h t . L i g h t e r a n d smaller.
Bob: B u t t h e bigger o n e is (6)
Daisy: So w h a t is o u r decision?
Bob: I ' m n o t sure. Let's go for a coffee a n d discuss t h i s again.

2 Computer systems
 Language

Comparatives
things.

big bigger The new monitor was bigger than the old monitor.
For short adjectives we add -er
fast faster Your processor is faster than mine.
(than). Be careful of spelling.
easy easier It's easier to use than the other one.
more/less This version is more difficult to use than the old
difficult
difficult version.
For long adjectives we use more/less
expensive His computer is less expensive than hers.
more/less (than). expensive
more/less 1 think you should buy that CPU. It is more reliable
reliable
reliable than the one you have.
bad worse That screen resolution is much worse than before!
Some comparatives are irregular. 1 really like this mouse. It's so much better than the
good better
old one.

Make t h e c o m p a r a t i v e f o r m of these adjectives.

Example: long longer
1 light
2 efficient.
3 long
4 wide
5 heavy
6 fast
7 dark
8 soft
9 hard
10 d u r a b l e .

5 BEIQI L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r answers.

6 Listen again a n d repeat t h e w o r d s .

Reading 7 Read t h e s e p r o d u c t d e s c r i p t i o n s a n d m a k e sentences u s i n g c o m p a r a t i v e s .

Example: The Corsair is longer than the Imation but slimmer.

C o r s a i r F l a s h Survivor G T 8 G B Imation Clip F l a s h Drive 4 G B

8GB 4GB
Read at 34MB/S Read at 15MB/S
Write at 28MB/S Write at 9MB/s
/ M' /

/
/fisr // 3.25" x 0.75"
Aluminium
2.95" x 1.14"
Plastic

/
/ J*3r /
/ 256-bit A E S
S W encryption
No data encryption
Five year warranty

mtSM / Ten year warranty Price £10

Price £25

Writing 8 W o r k i n pairs. W r i t e a n e m a i l t o a colleague c o m p a r i n g t h e t w o p r o d u c t s i n 7.

Computer systems 2 13
 Computer software
Speaking W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Make a list of a l l t h e c o m p u t e r software y o u use i n y o u r
w o r k o r study. T h i n k a b o u t :
• application software
• p r o g r a m m i n g software
• s y s t e m software

2 Make a list of t h e c o m p u t e r s o f t w a r e y o u r non-IT colleagues use.

Language

Superlatives
We use superlative adjectives to compare a person or thing with a number of other people or things.

The new monitor was the biggest in

big biggest
the room.
For short adjectives we add
Your version of the software is
the + -est. Be careful of spelling. fast fastest
the fastest.
easy easiest It's the easiest to use.
This version is the most difficult
difficult the most/least difficult
to use.
For long adjectives we use
expensive the most/least expensive His computer is the least expensive.
trie most/the least.
1 think you should buy that. It is the
reliable the most/least reliable
most reliable.
That is the worst software I've
bad the worst
ever used!
Some superlatives are irregular.
1 really like this website. It's the best
good the best
I've seen.

Speaking 3 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Talk a b o u t t h e s o f t w a r e y o u a n d y o u r non-IT colleagues

use. A n s w e r these q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t are t h e differences b e t w e e n t h e IT a n d non-IT software y o u have listed?
2 W h i c h is t h e cheapest?
3 W h i c h is t h e m o s t expensive?
4 W h i c h is t h e most/least reliable?
5 W h i c h is t h e m o s t difficult/easiest t o use?
6 W h i c h is t h e best/worst?
7 W h i c h is t h e most/least user-friendly?

14 2 Computer systems
 Listening 4 B L i s t e n t o t w o colleagues d i s c u s s i n g s o f t w a r e a n d c o m p l e t e
t h i s dialogue.

Tim: W h a t d o y o u t h i n k a b o u t these t h r e e p h o t o i m a g i n g
packages?
Simone: It's a difficult c h o i c e . A l l t h r e e are v e r y g o o d b u t t h e y
have different s t r e n g t h s .
I agree.
Serif Image Plus has (1) image (2)
OK.
But Magic E x t r e m e has t h e (3)
p r o c e s s i n g of images.
You're r i g h t . A l s o , Serif has (4) special
(5) B u t w h a t a b o u t Snap Pro?
Well, i t has t h e ( 6 ) . dubbing options.
A n d Snap Pro is t h e best for (7) photos.
I ' m n o t sure. Serif has (8) efficient
(9)
W h i c h is t h e m o s t expensive?
O h , Serif Image Plus.
A n d t h e cheapest?
Snap Pro.
Let's get Snap Pro t h e n .
I ' m s t i l l n o t sure!

Present tense of have (got)

I've/You've/We've/They've (got)... I/You/We/They have (got) ...

He's/She's/It's (got)... He/She/It has (got) ...
I/You/We/They haven't (got) ... I/You/We/They have not (got) ...
He/She/It hasn't (got)... He/She/It has not (got)...
I/You/We/They don't have... I/You/We/They do not have ...
We use have (got) to
He/She/It doesn't have... He/She/It does not have ...
talk about possession.

Have 1 you/we/they got...?

Has he/she/it got...?
Do l/you/we/they have...?
Does he/she/it have...?

Listening 5 I K J U 3 I L i s t e n a n d repeat these sentences.

1 We've got t h e best s o f t w a r e .
2 Does i t have t h e m o s t r e l i a b l e a n t i - v i r u s software?
3 She has t h e cheapest c o m p u t e r .
4 T h e y h a v e n ' t got t h e latest v e r s i o n .
5 Do y o u have t h e fastest processor?
6 Has it got W i n d o w s ?
7 T h e y have t h e latest software.
8 It has t h e biggest screen.

Writing 6 W o r k i n pairs. W r i t e five sentences c o m p a r i n g t h r e e

software p r o d u c t s y o u use o r know.

Computer systems 2 15
 Working w i t h c o m p u t e r s
Listening 1 L i s t e n a n d c o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue.
Paul: Hi, B r i n i t h a .
B r i n i t h a : H i , Paul.
Paul: H o w ' s i t (1) ?
B r i n i t h a : Fine, fine.
Paul: W h a t (2) - y o u (3) . at t h e m o m e n t ?
B r i n i t h a : O h , 1 (4) Nero.
Paul: H o w are y o u g e t t i n g on?
B r i n i t h a : Well, I (5) a n e t w o r k . I (6) M i c r o s o f t Server.
Paul: Right. W h e r e is Jackie today? Do y o u k n o w ?
B r i n i t h a : Yes. She is o n a t r a i n i n g c o u r s e today. She (7) about the
new database s y s t e m .
Paul: W h a t a b o u t M a r y a n d Imran? W h e r e are they?
B r i n i t h a : T h e y (8) i n today. T h e y have a d a y off.

Language

Present continuous

I'm installing the software.

He's/She's setting up a network.
We're/They're working at home today.

I'm not setting up the network.

We use the present continuous to talk He's/She's not installing the software.
about things that take place at the time of
speaking and are not permanent. We/They aren't coming in today.

Are you installing it now?

What am I doing?
What are you/they doing?
What is he/she doing?

2 C o m p l e t e t h e s e sentences w i t h is/isn't, am/am not, are/aren't.

1 It going well.
2 I learning a new program.
3 She w o r k i n g i n t h e office today. She has a day off.
4 They i n s t a l l i n g t h e new software.
5 We setting up the network.
6 We u s i n g W o r d . We have a different w o r d - p r o c e s s i n g p r o g r a m .
7 Where t h e y w o r k i n g today?
8 What he i n s t a l l i n g o n t h e c o m p u t e r ?
9 I c o m i n g i n today. I'm sick.
10 she w o r k i n g at h o m e today?
Vocabulary 3 M a t c h t h e sentence halves 1-8 t o a - h .
Hanka is c r e a t i n g a) t h e software.
P h i l i p is i n s e r t i n g a n b) a check-up.
Rob is t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g c) a file.
We are r u n n i n g d) a device.
B e t t y is c o n n e c t i n g e) CDs.
T h e y are b u r n i n g f) image.

Listening 4 f X H L i s t e n a n d repeat these sentences.

W h a t are y o u d o i n g now?
Are t h e y s e t t i n g u p t h e n e t w o r k ?
She's w o r k i n g at h o m e today.
I'm n o t i n s t a l l i n g t h e software.
We're n o t u s i n g W o r d .

Speaking 5 L o o k at t h e p i c t u r e s A-F. Describe w h a t is h a p p e n i n g .

Example: He is moving ...

6 W o r k i n pairs o r s m a l l g r o u p s . Talk a b o u t w h a t y o u are d o i n g at t h e m o m e n t i n

y o u r w o r k o r study.

Writing 7 W r i t e t h r e e sentences saying w h a t y o u a n d y o u r collegues are d o i n g at t h e

m o m e n t i n y o u r w o r k o r study.

Computer systems 2 17
 Computer usage
Reading Read w h a t Ben says a b o u t c o m p u t e r usage i n his office. A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t m u s t Ben do?
2 W h a t c a n B e n do?
3 W h a t c a n ' t Ben do?
4 Can he o p e n a n y w e b s i t e ?
5 W h y is i t i m p o r t a n t t o f o l l o w c o m p u t e r dos a n d d o n ' t s ?

d o n ' t have t o b a c k ^ \
up files every d a y -
that's automatic.

I have t o log in using

m y user name and
password.

Speaking 2 Make a list of c o m p u t e r usage w h e r e y o u w o r k o r s t u d y . C o m p a r e y o u r list w i t h

the group.

Language

must, mustn't, can, can't, don't have to

You must come to work on time.

We use must and mustn't for obligations.
You mustn't be late.
We use can and can't for possibility and ability. He can use Word but he can't use Excel.
We use have to for something that is necessary. 1 have to log in using my password.
We use don't have to for something that is not necessary. We don't have to work at the weekend.

Writing 3 W r i t e a n e m a i l t o a colleague a b o u t y o u r s e l f using must, mustn't, can, can't, have

to, don't have to.

18 2 Computer systems
 Business matters
Speaking A c o m p a n y asks y o u t o r e c o m m e n d a c o m p u t e r a n d w o r k s t a t i o n c o n f i g u r a t i o n
for t h e i r sales t e a m . In s m a l l g r o u p s , d e c i d e w h a t t o r e c o m m e n d . Use t h e office
floor p l a n b e l o w t o p r e p a r e t h e c o m p u t e r a n d w o r k s t a t i o n c o n f i g u r a t i o n . T h i n k
a b o u t these t h i n g s :
1 T h e r e are six p e o p l e i n t h e sales t e a m .
2 Five p e o p l e are o u t of t h e office f o u r days of t h e week.
3 One p e r s o n is i n t h e office all t h e t i m e - t h e t e a m a d m i n assistant.
4 E m p l o y e e s need a n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i o n ( w i r e d a n d w i r e l e s s ) .
5 Employees p r i n t , scan a n d copy.
6 C o m p a n y a n d c l i e n t data m u s t be s t o r e d o n a separate d e v i c e a n d backed
u p regularly.

£3

2 Make y o u r r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s t o a n o t h e r g r o u p . Choose t h e best c o m p u t e r

configuration.
Example: We recommend this configuration. You have ... . /It has ....

Writing 3 Write a short email to

t h e IT manager w i t h
your recommendations.

Computer systems 2 19
 • d i s c u s s the p u r p o s e of w e b s i t e s

Websites
• talk a b o u t w e b s i t e features

3 • describe a process
• write a proposal

Website p u r p o s e
Speaking W h i c h websites d o y o u
use i n y o u r w o r k a n d
s t u d y ? Make a list a n d
share i t w i t h a partner.
Do y o u use t h e same sites?

Reading 2 Read t h i s t e x t a b o u t different t y p e s of w e b s i t e . A n s w e r these q u e s t i o n s .

T Y P E S O F W E B S I T E - A GUIDE F O R W E B S I T E DESIGNS

The purpose of an organisational website is to inform about an idea or

event. Companies develop commercial websites to sell products or services.
Entertainment websites are designed to entertain or provide fun activities.
People visit news websites to obtain information. The purpose of a personal
website is to provide information about an individual. Social networking
websites help people to exchange personal information. Educational websites
aim to share knowledge and enable online learning.

1 Why do people visit o r g a n i s a t i o n a l websites?

2 Why do people visit c o m p a n y websites?
3 W h y do people visit e n t e r t a i n m e n t websites?
4 Why do people visit news websites?

Vocabulary 3 C o m p l e t e these sentences a b o u t t h e p u r p o s e of w e b s i t e s w i t h t h e w o r d s i n

the box.

offer practise present promote read sell share

Example: The purpose of Nationalgeographic.com is to present information on

topics.
1 People v i s i t CNN.com t o i n t e r n a t i o n a l news.
2 Some w e b s i t e s w a n t t o a service.
3 C o m p a n i e s use A m a z o n . c o m t o their products.
4 Thegreenshoppingguide.co.uk wants to environmentally
friendly shopping.
5 Students visit Math.com t o their maths.
6 English t e a c h e r s j o i n e l t f o r u m . c o m t o t e a c h i n g resources.
 Language

Question words (1)

We use which to ask about things. We can Which websites do you visit/go to?
use it with a noun. 1 use Wikipedia a lot.
What do you use CNN for?
We use what to ask about things.
1 use it to get the news.
Why do you use Wikipedia?
We use why to ask the reason for something.
1 use Wikipedia to check information.
When do you use CNN?
We use when to ask about time.
In my lunchbreak.

Listening K m L i s t e n a n d repeat these q u e s t i o n s .

1 W h i c h w e b s i t e s d o y o u use?
2 W h y d o y o u use W i k i p e d i a ?
3 W h a t d o y o u use CNN for?
4 W h e n does she use CNN?

Speaking 5 W o r k i n p a i r s . Use t h e w e b s i t e s y o u l i s t e d i n 1 t o ask a n d answer q u e s t i o n s .

Example:
A: Which websites do you use?
B: I use ....

6 Go a r o u n d t h e class a n d ask five s t u d e n t s t o n a m e t h e w e b s i t e s t h e y v i s i t

a n d use at h o m e . W r i t e d o w n a w e b s i t e for each of t h e f o u r headings 1-4 i n
the table.

Interviewee uses these websites to:

Interviewee name
1 entertain 2 get news 3 research/study 4 shop
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

7 Present t h e i n f o r m a t i o n y o u c o l l e c t e d t o t h e g r o u p . W h i c h are t h e m o s t p o p u l a r
w e b s i t e s for each heading?

Websites 3 21
 Website analytics
Speaking 1 W h a t i n f o r m a t i o n can y o u get a b o u t w e b s i t e traffic u s i n g a w e b s i t e analysis Questi
a p p l i c a t i o n ? W o r k i n p a i r s . Make a list.

We u
-
M AT&T * 9:51 PM el A T & T T 9:53PM

hw«. MySite.com
| Oct 1. ZOOS-DtcV 2006
Overview R e p o r t s
Visitors O v e r v i e w K e y w o r d (Visits)
( >
Today iphone app reviews 473
Visits • 22.273
We U:
0 Dashboard > iphone app review 369

i Visitors O v e r v i e w > 177

iphone application reviews 312

gotapps 190
Traffic O v e r v i e w > Visits 22,273
newest iphone apps 178
Content Overview Absolute Unique visitors 16.444;
iphone game reviews 132
Pageviews 58,465
Event Tracking Overview y labyrinth game 81

Average Pageviews 2.62 app reviews 80

1 m
G o a l s Overview >
Time on Site 00:01:47 fun 2 player games 73
Visitors R e p o r t s
Bounce Rate 67.83% craiglist iphone app 73
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

Reading 2 W h i c h items of t h e a n a l y t i c s p r o g r a m m e a b o v e answer t h e s e questions?

Example: Large
A: Where do you find information about the website's visitors?
20,00
B: In 'Visitors Overview'.
400,0
1 W h e r e can y o u find o u t h o w m a n y p e o p l e v i s i t t h e website?
2 W h e r e can y o u see w h a t percentage of p e o p l e v i e w o n l y one page o n 500,0
t h e website? 3,000
3 W h e r e d o y o u find i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t h o w l o n g t h e y s p e n d o n t h e website?
4 W h e r e do y o u see h o w m a n y people searched for 'gotapps' t o find the website?

Listening 3 L i s t e n t o Sarah a n d George. C o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue.

Sarah: George, I (1) s o m e i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t o u r website.
George: OK, w h a t d o y o u need t o (2) ?
Sarah: Well, I need s o m e i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t w e b s i t e (3) , y o u know,
external visits t o our website.
George: OK.
Sarah: (4) y o u d o a r e p o r t for me?
George: Sure. (5) d o y o u need i t by?
Sarah: Er, t o m o r r o w m o r n i n g , I'm (6) It's for t h e finance director.
George: OK, w h a t d o y o u need t o k n o w (7) ?
Sarah: Well, t h e (8) of v i s i t o r s t o o u r w e b s i t e last m o n t h , t h e i r
m o v e m e n t s a n d actions o n t h e w e b s i t e , a n d w h e r e t h e y ' r e f r o m .
George: OK, I (9) do that.
Sarah: T h a n k s v e r y (10) indeed.

Vocabulary 4 M a t c h t h e w e b s i t e analysis t o o l s 1-5 t o t h e d e s c r i p t i o n s a-e.

1 traffic a) i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t w h e r e t h e v i s i t o r s t o y o u r site
are f r o m
2 meta tag b ) i n v i s i b l e i n f o r m a t i o n (e.g. a h i d d e n k e y w o r d ) o n a
website
3 visitor map c ) i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t a user and t h e sites t h e y b r o w s e
4 user profile d ) i n c r e a s i n g t h e n u m b e r of v i s i t o r s t o y o u r site
5 page o p t i m i s a t i o n e) t h e m o v e m e n t a n d a c t i o n s of v i s i t o r s t o y o u r site

22 3 Websites
 Language

Question words (2)

How many people visit our website every day?

About 20,000.
We use how much/how many to ask about quantity.
How many hits do we get each month?
About 40,000.
Where are the visitors from?
From Asia and the US.
We use where to ask about places.
Where do they go on our website?
To 'News'.
We can use how + adjective/adverb to ask about How often do people visit our website?
degree. At least once a day.

Listening 5 BljEOi L i s t e n a n d repeat these q u e s t i o n s .

1 H o w m a n y p e o p l e v i s i t t h e site?
2 W h e r e d o t h e y go o n t h e w e b s i t e ?
3 H o w l o n g d o t h e y s p e n d o n t h e website?

Language

Large numbers

20,000 twenty thousand

400,000 four hundred thousand
500,000 five hundred thousand/half a million
3,000,000 three million

6 H o w d o y o u say these n u m b e r s ?
30,000
700,000
10,000,000
100,000
80,000

Listen and check your answers.

Speaking 8 W o r k i n pairs. You b o t h w o r k i n w e b s i t e a n a l y t i c s . A s k a n d a n s w e r q u e s t i o n s

about website visits.
Student A: T u r n t o page 68
Student B: T u r n t o page 78
to°nrh s
 Website development
Speaking 1 D e s c r i b e s o m e t h i n g y o u d o e v e r y d a y at h o m e o r at w o r k . Use t h e w o r d s i n t h e
Language b o x below.
Example: Sending an email.
First, click on 'New email'. After that...

Language

Describing steps in a p r o c e s s
FINANCE

1
• w i l l
First, do.... To start, do .... nriMdM
luJOObn

Alter that,.... Next,....

We use first, next, then, after that (etc.)
Then
to describe the order of actions.
Secondly,.... Thirdly,... .
Labour poll vie
Finally,.... To finish,....

Reading 2 Complete this text w i t h the w o r d s in the box.

Action on inflation r

After that Finally First Next Secondly Then Thirdly

fmm cum i M « ***m

Big US banks to I
The steps in website development quarterly profits
I om •-- M M - m
(i) , discuss w i t h the customer their requirements and the
target audience. Find o u t w h a t features a n d n u m b e r of pages t h e y w a n t o n
t h e i r site. (2) , analyse t h e i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m t h e c u s t o m e r . .ft)r m .c - » v

(3) , create a w e b s i t e s p e c i f i c a t i o n . (4) design a n d

d e v e l o p t h e w e b s i t e . (5) , assign a specialist t o w r i t e t h e w e b s i t e
c o n t e n t . (6) give t h e p r o j e c t t o p r o g r a m m e r s for H T M L c o d i n g .
(7) , test the website.

After y o u p u b l i s h t h e w e b s i t e , u p d a t e a n d m a i n t a i n i t o n an o n g o i n g basis. Base* hardens bank

* warm •
M o n i t o r c u s t o m e r use.

3 W o r k i n pairs. Complete t h e flowchart t o s h o w t h e w e b s i t e d e v e l o p m e n t process.

1 Talk to customer
3

Speaking 4 D e s c r i b e t h e w e b s i t e d e v e l o p m e n t process t o a n o t h e r pair i n y o u r o w n w o r d s .

24 3 Websites

L
 Reading 5 L o o k at t h e w e b s i t e s b e l o w a n d a n s w e r these q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t are t h e websites?
2 Do y o u use these websites? W h y / W h y not?
3 W h a t is t h e p u r p o s e of each w e b s i t e : sell, i n f o r m , share, educate?
4 W h a t are t h e m a i n features of each website?
5 T h i n k of t w o m o r e w e b s i t e s t h a t have t h e same p u r p o s e . A r e t h e y different
t o t h e ones below? W h y ?

FINANCIAL T I M E S
WMchttwtalMdrfK*? jWa.?V AdMft M M U a n M M TMI *MW * M » M
BMtWVMMOicftrrc* 4 > ^ * * h V CerweK
Canwefceniracew mmmtmmvmmttltamtmmmmmmtumt
W W*«rO.»-430Ctr ****

Ceewefll MafieeeAeflt ffprtOflfl Finance Life A Ana

Labour poll victory deals blow to coalition

UJ 1 Majority of 3,558 over Lib Dems in Oldham
fmm urn
• WMntfl>MlOWMMnBmU»Ow« WMO -0 17%
EuKiMaoo i.w -c«a%

M«LOHBtm»lMHM<WUHTI -iDte"
Action on inflation rattles Goldman reveals fresh crisis
losses
BMpngNkM banks raaarva Bank takes $6bn hit amid Warra*
najrenenu Try the FT and
FT.com for 4 weeks
for iust £1 •

Big US banks to reveal better Manufacturers hit by soaring Discover world business.
quarterry profits cost of materials In one place.
n» of dollar* r raaarvaa sat Further »«gr of WlaSonsry preaaurai
«•«•**• r • •., s, i,i Tram'
a A e j a r w i loan default* are on UK economy

tats UK M M

s i

Basel hardens bank hybrid bond rules

Writing 6 You are t h e o w n e r of a c o m p a n y t h a t needs a n e w w e b s i t e . M a k e a list of t h i n g s

t h a t y o u need/would like for y o u r w e b s i t e . A n s w e r t h e f o l l o w i n g q u e s t i o n s .
• W h a t is t h e n a m e of y o u r c o m p a n y ?
• W h a t is t h e business type?
• W h a t is t h e p u r p o s e of y o u r website?

Speaking 7 W o r k i n p a i r s . Student A is t h e w e b s i t e developer. Student B is t h e c u s t o m e r .

A s k a n d answer q u e s t i o n s a b o u t w e b s i t e r e q u i r e m e n t s . Swap roles.
Example:
A: What is the name of your company?
B: It's called/Its name is ... .

Websites
 The best websites
Vocabulary W h a t are y o u r f a v o u r i t e websites? W h y ? Use t h e w o r d s i n t h e b o x t o d e s c r i b e
them.

beautiful well-designed easy-to-use/navigate clear reliable

useful informative fun funny exciting interesting

Example: The most exciting website is ... because ..

facebook

He»d(no out? Stiy connected

L A T E S T 8AMSS LATSSTCUM

Hi
HI
8

BH

Language

Describing things

There's/There is/There isn't There's a lot of information on this website.

There are/aren't There aren't many photos on this website.
Has The website has good graphics.
Have Most websites have a lot of features.

Writing 2 W r i t e a b o u t t h e t h i n g s y o u like a n d dislike a b o u t different w e b s i t e s .

Example: I really like the look of the Nickelodeon website. It has ....

Speaking 3 W h a t are t h e t r e n d s i n w e b s i t e design? Discuss w i t h t h e g r o u p .

Example: Websites use more video now.

26 3 Websites
 Business matters
You are a w e b s i t e designer. Read t h e i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t L e a r n i n g N o w L t d .
Reading
A n s w e r these q u e s t i o n s .
• W h a t is t h e business type?
• W h a t is t h e p u r p o s e of t h e w e b s i t e : sell, i n f o r m , share, educate?
• W h o are t h e w e b s i t e users? W h e r e are t h e w e b s i t e users?
• W h a t are t h e features of t h e website?

L e a r n i n q N o w L t d

Learning Now Ltd is in t h e e d u c a t i o n

business. It n e e d s a n e w w e b s i t e
to p r o m o t e its c o u r s e s , m a t e r i a l s
and learning r e s o u r c e s a n d p r o v i d e
online l a n g u a g e - l e a r n i n g s e r v i c e s .
The w e b s i t e users are y o u n g a d u l t s
all a r o u n d t h e w o r l d . T h e w e b s i t e
needs t o have t h e s e features: g o o d
interactivity, a u d i o a n d fast d o w n l o a d
times.

answers
Writing 2 I n p a i r s , w r i t e a p r o p o s a l for L e a r n i n g N o w L t d ' s w e b s i t e . Use y o u r
from 1 and the template below to help y o u .

Date:
Proposal No. 2011/32154
Business activity:
Customer:

Subject:

Purpose:

Users:

Features:

Proposal presented by:

Speaking 3 Present y o u r p r o p o s a l t o t h e g r o u p .

Websites 3 27
 • talk about d a t a b a s e s
• talk about d a t a p r o c e s s i n g

4 Databases • a s k for a n d give a d v i c e

• talk about c o m p a n y d e p a r t m e n t s

Database basics
Speaking W h a t database p r o d u c t s d o y o u k n o w a n d use at w o r k a n d at home?

Listening 2 bEZH L i s t e n t o t w o colleagues at a b o o k c o m p a n y . Chris needs some

i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m t h e p r o d u c t i o n database. C o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue.
Chris: T i m , (1)_ . you help me Tracking Resource Database

a m o m e n t , please?
Tim: Sure. W h a t ' s t h e (2)_ TRD: Product Data at your fingertips!
Chris: I need s o m e ( 3 ) TRD is the business tool used in the development and
management of products throughout their life cycle.

about a book budget from the Please note the revised function on all

database. screens in TRD provides on screen guidance and links

to useful users documentation

Tim: OK.
Chris: But I d o n ' t k n o w h o w t o
(4) it.
Tim: No p r o b l e m .
Tracking Resource Database
Chris: So w h a t d o I d o first?
Tim: Enter y o u r n a m e a n d
(5) a n d press enter.
Chris: E r m ... ?
Tim: You have g o t a password?
Chris: Erm, I can't (6) it.
Tim: Use m i n e . T y p e i n t evans,
that's t - e - v - a - n - s , then
snavet. s - n - a - v - e - t .
Chris: OK.
Tim: N o w press Enter. N o w w h a t is
t h e n a m e of t h e book?
Chris: Basic French.
Tim: OK. T y p e i n t h a t i n t h e t i t l e
(7) i n t h e first
(8) N o w press Find.
T h e r e i t is. OK, b u d g e t . Click
(9) Publishing and
s c r o l l d o w n t o Plant costs a n d
click on that.
Chris: Good. There's t h e b u d g e t i n t h e
s e c o n d row. T h a n k s , T i m .
Tim: No p r o b l e m .

Pmfjti t Uttfl Basic French

Budget t M IO d.itf
40 OOO
10000 8000 +2 000
13000 12000 + 1 000
Milium tfia 5000 0 +5 000
. i.-H.m 7000 1 000 +6 000
rtg 5000 6 000 -1 000

27 000 +13 000

 Language

Asking people to do things

Could you help me, please?

Sure.
•

Please could you help?

No problem.
We use can/could/would you + infinitive without to Can you explain what a database is, please?
when we ask somebody to do something for us. I'm afraid 1 can't.
Please can you explain what a database is?
I'm sorry, 1 can't.
Would you explain that, please?
Could you come back a bit later? I'm busy right now.

O m^T'filf L i s t e n a n d repeat these q u e s t i o n s .

1 C o u l d y o u h e l p me, please?
2 Please c o u l d y o u h e l p me?
3 W o u l d y o u h e l p m e w i t h t h i s software?
4 Please c o u l d y o u e x p l a i n h o w t o d o that?
5 Please w o u l d y o u give m e y o u r p a s s w o r d ?

Speaking 4 W o r k i n pairs. S t u d e n t A: m a k e q u e s t i o n s f r o m t h e p r o m p t s . S t u d e n t B: answer

yes o r no a n d give a reason w h y n o t (if y o u r a n s w e r is n o ) .
Example: type/name
Could you type in your name, please?
1 open/window
2 t u r n up/air c o n d i t i o n i n g
3 t u r n down/mp3 player
4 give/you/pen
5 answer/phone
6 give/password

5 W o r k i n pairs. Use t h e e x a m p l e of a database b e l o w t o e x p l a i n t o y o u r p a r t n e r

w h a t a database is. Use these w o r d s : store, access, get, fields, columns, rows.
Example: A database is used to ... . This is a ... .

First Name Last Name Department Title Phone ext.

John Smith Development Engineer 123

Jane Doe Finance Auditor 454

6 W h y d o p e o p l e a n d o r g a n i s a t i o n s use databases? Discuss w i t h t h e g r o u p .

Example: They use databases to find out....

29
 Data processing
Vocabulary M a t c h t h e headings i n t h e b o x t o t h e d a t a p r o c e s s i n g steps a-f.

data coding data collection data entry data sorting

data tabulation data validation

Gather t h e r a w d a t a w h i c h y o u w a n t t o process. J \ 1 \

A r r a n g e a n d s y s t e m i s e t h e data. •
Clean t h e d a t a a n d d o u b l e - c h e c k for faults a n d inconsistencies

11
Enter t h e d a t a i n t o a s y s t e m . •
A r r a n g e t h e d a t a i n t o t a b l e f o r m a t so t h a t i t can be analysed. ) •

Create categories t o organise t h e d a t a i n t o relevant groups

2 Put t h e d a t a p r o c e s s i n g steps i n 1 i n t o t h e c o r r e c t order.

Listening 3 E ff L i s t e n t o an IT e x p e r t d e s c r i b i n g t h e d a t a p r o c e s s i n g steps t o a
colleague. Check y o u r answers t o 1 a n d 2.

L i s t e n a n d m a r k t h e s y l l a b l e stress i n these n o u n s a n d v e r b s .
1 entry 7 gather
2 collection 8 create
3 tabulation 9 arrange
4 validation 10 enter
5 sorting 11 double-check
6 coding 12 format

5 L i s t e n again a n d repeat t h e w o r d s .

30 Databases
 Vocabulary 6 C o m p l e t e these sentences w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e b o x .

about at between for from in into of to

Example: This database is used to store our financial information.

1 W h a t ' s t h e difference a database a n d a spreadsheet?
2 A database is s t o r i n g data.
3 T h e s c h o o l has i n f o r m a t i o n students.
4 Can p e o p l e access t h e s y s t e m t h e same time?
5 A database is a c o l l e c t i o n records.
6 You r e t r i e v e i n f o r m a t i o n t h e database.
7 Ynn enter t h e rlata the system
8 W h i c h software rln y n n use ynur work?

Language

Quick questions to check understanding

That's called collection. OK?

We use these when we are making sure the other That's coding? Got that?
person understands the statement. That's tabulation. All right?
We call that sorting. Understood?

Speaking 7 W o r k i n pairs. E x p l a i n t h e d a t a p r o c e s s i n g steps f r o m 1 i n y o u r o w n w o r d s .

8 L o o k at t h e e x a m p l e s of database software below. W h a t database software d o

y o u know? W h a t is i t used for?
 Data storage and backup Li

Vocabulary M a t c h t h e d a t a storage a n d b a c k u p s o l u t i o n s i n t h e b o x t o p i c t u r e s A-F.

W h a t o t h e r s o l u t i o n s are there?

external hard drive hard disk m p 3 player server the Internet

usb flash drive

0
• • La
Reading 2 Read t h i s a r t i c l e a b o u t d a t a storage. C o m p l e t e t h e sentences w i t h t h e w o r d s i n
t h e box. Asking fo

cloud contents emerging encrypt flash loss magnetic

offsite protect security theft volumes

We use si
Data storage advice.
O n l i n e storage is an (1) emerging m e t h o d
of d a t a storage a n d back-up. A r e m o t e
server w i t h a network connection and
special software backs u p files, folders, o r
t h e e n t i r e (2) of a h a r d d r i v e .
T h e r e are m a n y c o m p a n i e s t h a t p r o v i d e a S
web-based b a c k u p .
One (3) technology in this
area is (4) computing. This
allows colleagues i n an o r g a n i s a t i o n t o
share resources, software a n d i n f o r m a t i o n
over the Internet.
C o n t i n u o u s b a c k u p a n d storage o n a
r e m o t e h a r d d r i v e e l i m i n a t e s t h e risk of
d a t a (5) as a r e s u l t of fire, flood
o r (6) R e m o t e d a t a storage a n d
back-up p r o v i d e r s (7) the data
and set u p p a s s w o r d p r o t e c t i o n t o ensure
m a x i m u m (8)
Small businesses a n d i n d i v i d u a l s
c h o o s e t o save d a t a i n a m o r e t r a d i t i o n a l
way. E x t e r n a l d r i v e s , disks a n d (9) . tapes are v e r y p o p u l a r d a t a storage s o l u t i o n s . USB o r
(10) m e m o r i e s , DVDs a n d h a r d disks are c h e a p a n d w i d e l y accessible s o l u t i o n s . These
m e t h o d s are v e r y p r a c t i c a l w i t h s m a l l (11) of d a t a storage a n d b a c k u p . However, t h e y are
n o t v e r y reliable a n d d o n o t (12) t h e user i n case of a disaster.

Speaking 3 W h a t storage a n d b a c k u p s o l u t i o n s are t h e m o s t p o p u l a r ? W h i c h s o l u t i o n s do

y o u use m o s t often?

32 Databases
 Listening 4 S2!E3ji L i s t e n a n d repeat these phrases.
1 emerging technology
2 cloud computing
3 d a t a storage
4 hard drive
5 external drives
6 backup providers

**£M L i s t e n t o t h i s d i a l o g u e . A colleague. T i m . is asking an IT e x p e r t . Sandy,

w h a t storage d e v i c e t o buy. M a r k t h e s e s t a t e m e n t s t r u e ( T ) o r false (F).
1 T i m needs t h e storage d e v i c e for w o r k . T/F
2 T i m wants to backup music and photos. T/F
3 Sandy r e c o m m e n d s a n e x t e r n a l h a r d d r i v e . T/F
4 T i m c a n s p e n d $300 o n t h e s t o r a g e device. T/F
5 Sandy r e c o m m e n d s a s t o r a g e d e v i c e w i t h a s p e c i a l feature. T/F

Language

ng for and giving advice

I/You/He/She/It/We/They should/shouldn't (should not)....

What should 1 do?
You should buy a flash drive.
You shouldn't get a server.
We use should/would + infinitive without to to give
advice.
I/You/He/She/It/We/They would/wouldn't (would not)....
What would you recommend?
I'd (would) recommend a flash drive.
1 wouldn't (would not) recommend a server.

Speaking 6 W o r k i n pairs. Practise asking for a d v i c e a b o u t b a c k u p s o l u t i o n s for a s m a l l

c o m p a n y . Use t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i n 2.
Example:
A: What would you recommend ... ?
B: I'd recommend .... /You should ....

33
 Database system benefits
Speaking 1 W h a t k i n d of d a t a d o c o m p a n i e s create, m a n i p u l a t e , s t o r e a n d retrieve?

Vocabulary 2 M a t c h t h e c o m p a n y d e p a r t m e n t 1-8 w i t h t h e t y p e of d a t a i t w o r k s w i t h a - h .
1 Finance a) d a t a a b o u t e m p l o y e e s , t r a i n i n g ,
r e c r u i t m e n t needs
2 Marketing b) data about p r o d u c t specification,
details a n d design
3 H u m a n resources c ) d a t a a b o u t profits, t a x , loans, shares
and cash
4 Customer relations d ) d a t a a b o u t v o l u m e of p r o d u c t s s o l d
e) d a t a a b o u t c u s t o m e r s , s a t i s f a c t i o n
5 Production surveys, promotions
f) d a t a a b o u t p r o d u c t a d v e r t i s e m e n t s
6 Technical s u p p o r t and competitors
g) d a t a a b o u t q u a n t i t y of p r o d u c t
7 Sales i n storage
h ) i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e H e l p Desk,
8 Stock m a n a g e m e n t s u p p o r t calls, m a n u a l s , p r o b l e m
reports

L o o k at t h e f o u r t y p e s of d a t a b e l o w f r o m P a r t y P l a n n e r L t d . W h a t d o y o u t h i n k
PartyPlanner L t d does? W h a t c o m p a n y d e p a r t m e n t s c a n y o u identify?

Personal data: Customer data: Product data: Technical data:

- CVs, job descriptions - customer contacts - inventory - contact to help desk
- employee personal data - satisfaction surveys - purchasing needs - helpdesk reports
- training - promotions - return products - troubleshooting manuals
- holiday - service reports

Speaking 4 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Talk a b o u t t h e advantages a n d disadvantages of a

c o m p u t e r i s e d database. Present y o u r ideas t o t h e rest of t h e g r o u p .
Example: There are many advantages/disadvantages ....
 Business matters
Reading 1 Read p a r t of t h i s e m a i l f r o m t h e o w n e r of J u m b o B o o k Store. A n s w e r these
questions.
1 W h a t t y p e s of i n f o r m a t i o n does J u m b o B o o k Store c o m m u n i c a t e b e t w e e n
its employees?
2 H o w d o t h e e m p l o y e e s exchange i n f o r m a t i o n i n t h e c o m p a n y ?
3 W h a t d o c u m e n t s does A m i k i prepare?
4 H o w m u c h t i m e does i t take t o c o m p i l e t h e data?
5 W h y do the customers complain?

H • E l

Let me give you some background to our company's setup.

Jumbo Book Store is a company based in Thailand. It has three book stores and a
warehouse next to one of the book shops. The store manager, Amiki Sukhon, finds it
very difficult to track sales because he uses handwritten sales reports that employees
prepare every day. The driver takes the reports and delivers them to the main office.
Every day it takes 5 to 6 hours to compile data about the sales. Based on these sales
reports, Amiki writes purchase orders for new books, sales figures for the owner and
customer information for the marketing department.
In addition, he often gets calls from customers complaining about poor information
about available books and stationary products in the warehouse.
Could you spend some time looking at how we can improve our processes?
Regards

Speaking 2 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Prepare r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s u s i n g t h e p r o b l e m / s o l u t i o n
outline.

Problem/Solution Outline

Problem

Solutions

End Results

3 Present y o u r r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s t o a n o t h e r g r o u p .
 • talk about e - c o m m e r c e
companies and websites

E-commerce • talk about q u a n t i t y

• talk about future a r r a n g e m e n t s
• present a plan

E-commerce companies
Speaking W h a t p r o d u c t s o r services d o y o u u s u a l l y b u y online? W h a t p r o d u c t s d o y o u
n o t b u y online? Why?

Listening 2 H^XiJI L i s t e n t o t h i s i n t e r v i e w w i t h David A s t o n . He w o r k s for a c o m p a n y

t h a t sells h o m e c l e a n i n g p r o d u c t s . M a r k t h e s t a t e m e n t s t r u e ( T ) o r false (F).
1 David's c o m p a n y sells m a i n l y o n l i n e . T/F
2 70% of t h e i r business is o n l i n e . T/F
3 People b u y t h e i r c l e a n i n g p r o d u c t s w h e n t h e y b u y t h e i r f o o d . T/F
4 People b u y t h e i r c l e a n i n g p r o d u c t s i n s u p e r m a r k e t s . T/F
5 O n l i n e sales are g r o w i n g . T/F

Language

Talking about quantity

We use many and a few with countable plural We need a few users to test this.
nouns. They don't have many customers.
We have a little money for online shopping each week.
We use much and a little with uncountable nouns.
1 don't have much knowledge on that subject.
We use a lot of and some with countable and A lot of businesses need E-commerce upgrades.
uncountable nouns. Some money has been kept aside for this.

3 Choose t h e c o r r e c t w o r d s t o c o m p l e t e these sentences.

1 A lot of/Much s h o p s have o n l i n e presence. T h e y sell many/much
products online.
2 Some/A little c o m p a n i e s offer c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e a n d a d v i c e o n t h e i r
E-commerce w e b s i t e s .
3 I d o n ' t have much/many k n o w l e d g e of c o m p u t e r s , b u t I can s t i l l s h o p o n l i n e .
4 Companies s p e n d a lot of/many m o n e y o n E-commerce s e c u r i t y .
5 Even w h e n c o m p a n i e s o n l y have a little/a few m o n e y for o n l i n e m a r k e t i n g ,
they should spend it.

O E ^commerce
 Listening 4 y E E B L i s t e n a n d repeat these phrases.
1 n o t a l o t of t i m e
2 too much work
3 only a little money
4 a few c o m p u t e r s
5 a l o t of m e m o r y

Speaking 5 W o r k i n p a i r s . Use t h e w o r d s i n t h e Language b o x o n page 36 t o t a l k a b o u t y o u r

own online shopping habits.

Example: I buy a lot of music online but I get few clothes online.

Vocabulary 6 M a t c h t h e t y p e s of business i n t h e b o x t o t h e c o r r e c t c o l u m n 1-4.

B2C business-to-consumer C 2 C consumer-to-consumer

B2B business-to-business M-commerce

Types of
Business 1 4
Explanation Companies exchange Companies sell People sell or exchange Customers purchase
information and make products or services to second-hand, used products and services
wholesale transactions. customers over items and collectibles. via mobile devices.
the Internet.
Examples coffee supplier Amazon eBay news, sport results
to Nestle

7 Give examples of t h e four t y p e s of business i n 6.

Writing 8 W h a t are t h e advantages a n d disadvantages of s h o p p i n g online? Use t h i s t a b l e

t o make notes a n d t h e n make sentences.
Example: There's more choice online but you can see things better in a shop.

advantages disadvantages
security
speed
choice
convenience
price

Speaking 9 Present y o u r ideas t o t h e g r o u p .

37
 E-commerce features
Speaking 1 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . W h a t are t h e features of t h i s website?

&IT18Z0n.C0.Uk - j.! ^mas&fli S * . t «em«f» fclaflata

u

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MEDIA STUDIES
AS&A?
mm

C u s t o m e r s V i a w i n e . T h i s P a g e M a y B e I n t e r e s t e d in T h e s e S p o n s o r e d L i n k s 1 tmn

*** o.'o d ••>i "„ tun-/A6_ j . e a A w aJU ' A _*v«* W.in y«, -n 1*0 iwpOC't ''0™ *Bat«"tl Tw»f»t

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C u s t o m e r s W h o Bought This I t e m Also Bought

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© 2010 A m a z o n . c o m Inc, a n d its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Vocabulary 2 W h a t are t h e steps i n b u y i n g p r o d u c t s online? N u m b e r these sentences i n t h e

c o r r e c t order.
a) The customer opens a n a c c o u n t . •
b) The customer goes t o t h e check-out. •
c) The customer p u t s t h e i t e m ( s ) i n a basket o r s h o p p i n g c a r t . •
d)
e)
The customer pays for t h e p r o d u c t ( s ) w i t h a c r e d i t o r d e b i t c a r d .
T h e c u s t o m e r goes t o t h e w e b s i t e .
•
f) T h e c u s t o m e r searches and/or b r o w s e s t h e w e b s i t e . •
g) T h e c u s t o m e r chooses t h e i t e m ( s ) t o buy. •
h) T h e c u s t o m e r s checks t h e order. •
Listening K Listen a n d repeat these phrases.
1 open an account
2 go t o t h e c h e c k o u t
3 p u t a n i t e m i n t h e basket
4 browse the website
5 choose an item
6 check the order

Speaking 4 W o r k i n p a i r s . Use firstly, secondly, then, after that, finally t o d e s c r i b e t h e steps i n

b u y i n g a p r o d u c t o r s e r v i c e . Talk a b o u t s o m e t h i n g y o u have b o u g h t , like a DVD
or an airline ticket.
 Language

Linking ideas

We use and to link sentences that describe similar

/ have a PC and a laptop at home.
actions or situations.
We use but to link sentences that describe different
1 use Amazon but 1 don't use iTunes.
ideas/actions or situations.
We use so to say that something has happened as a
She's got a Kindle, so she doesn't buy many books now.
result of something.
We use or to link sentences that describe two
Would you like tea or coffee?
possible actions or situations. J

Reading 5 C o m p l e t e t h i s t e x t w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

and but or

Companies want to reach more customers, (1) they go online. I t is easy

to set up an online business (2) i t is difficult to design and develop a
website that attracts a lot of customers. Hardware (3) software provide
basic infrastructure for E-commerce.

Networking, customer interface and payment solutions are very important parts
of a company's E-commerce solution. Customers expect a fast and reliable service
(4) they w i l l go somewhere else to buy things.

Vocabulary 6 M a t c h t h e first half of t h e sentences 1-6 t o t o t h e s e c o n d half a-f.

1 Effective p r o d u c t i n f o r m a t i o n a n d a) I ' l l c h e c k o n l i n e t u t o r i a l s .
2 C u s t o m e r s can use t h e i r c r e d i t b ) e l e c t r o n i c c h e q u e s t o pay for
cards, PayPal o r transactions.
3 We used a l o t of p r o m o t i o n s , so c) y o u c a n ' t t o u c h i t .
4 I d o n ' t k n o w h o w t o b u y online b u t d ) o u r sales i m p r o v e d a lot.
5 T h e y w a n t t o b u y a Cat 5e cable so e) t h e y search t h e I n t e r n e t .
6 I n E-commerce y o u can l o o k at a f) p r o m o t i o n s a t t r a c t c u s t o m e r s .
p i c t u r e of a p r o d u c t b u t

Speaking 7 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Talk a b o u t
an E-commerce w e b s i t e y o u k n o w
a n d like. Say w h a t is g o o d a b o u t i t .
Use and, so, but a n d or.
Example: I like the B&Q website.
It has ... and ....

39
 Transaction security
Speaking 1 W h a t are t h e p o t e n t i a l s e c u r i t y t h r e a t s t o o n l i n e s h o p p i n g ? Share y o u r ideas
w i t h the group.

Reading Read t h i s e m a i l . A n s w e r these q u e s t i o n s .

TO: All Employees

From: IT Director

Subject: Online transactions security

We are developing new website security features. We will have a virtual private
network with a firewall which will help stop cyber attacks on the network perimeter.
The web application protection firewall (WAF) will protect our website from hacker
attacks on customer contacts and login boxes. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) will create
a secure connection for the users. We will have two-factor authentication (2FA).
Website administrators will go through two layers of security before they access the
hosting environment. This will prevent password leaks. All data will have encrypted
backup to protect sensitive information.

I am sure the company will benefit from the new security measures.

Thank you

Hamda Banna

1 H o w m a n y s e c u r i t y features w i l l t h e c o m p a n y have?
2 W h i c h s e c u r i t y feature w i l l s t o p attacks o n t h e c o m p a n y n e t w o r k ?
3 W h a t s o l u t i o n w i l l p r o t e c t c u s t o m e r c o n t a c t s a n d l o g i n boxes?
4 W h a t w i l l p r o t e c t p r i v a t e user i n f o r m a t i o n sent o v e r t h e n e t w o r k ?
5 W h a t w i l l t h e t w o - f a c t o r a u t h e n t i c a t i o n prevent?
6 What will protect information?

Language

Future (will + infinitive)

The new security system will protect our customer's better.

Hackers won't/will not get into the network.

We use will + infinitive without to to talk

about plans for the future. (Something we When will we change to the new security system?
think, believe or know will happen.) We'll/we will do it next month.

Will the new system have a firewall?

Yes, it will./No, it won't.

Listening £3 M Listen a n d repeat these sentences.

1 T h e c o m p a n y w o n ' t p r o v i d e I n t e r n e t access t o all employees.
2 I ' l l d o t h e s e c u r i t y checks a n d t h e n u p g r a d e t h i s week.
3 W h e n w i l l y o u finish t h e w o r k ?
4 Yes, I w i l l . !
5 No, she w o n ' t .

40 5 E-commerce
 Speaking 4 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s . Talk a b o u t y o u r organisation's plans o r y o u r o w n plans
for t h e future. A s k a n d answer each o t h e r q u e s t i o n s .
Example:
A: We '11 open a new office in Singapore.
B: When will you open it?
A: Next year.

Vocabulary 5 Label t h e n e t w o r k d i a g r a m w i t h t h e c o r r e c t i t e m 1-8.

1 the Internet
2 t h e l o c a l area n e t w o r k
3 t h e h a r d w a r e firewall ( w i t h a r o u t e r )
4 c o m p u t e r s w i t h firewall software
5 o u t b o u n d traffic
6 i n b o u n d traffic
7 r e s t r i c t e d traffic
8 a l l o w e d traffic

Secure private network

Public network

Speaking 6 You are s e t t i n g u p a n e w c o m p u t e r w o r k s t a t i o n w i t h a n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i o n .

Your c l i e n t w a n t s t o use t h e set-up for o n l i n e purchases, b a n k d e a l i n g a n d
financial t r a n s a c t i o n s securely. Talk a b o u t w h a t s e c u r i t y s o l u t i o n y o u w i l l
install. Present y o u r s o l u t i o n t o t h e g r o u p .

E-commerce 5 41
 Online transactions
Reading Shayan is t e l l i n g M o n i k a h o w c u s t o m e r s w i l l p a y for s o m e t h i n g o n l i n e o n a n e w
website. Complete this dialogue w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

accounts bank completes confirmation customer First

gateway payment rejection web

Monika: Shayan, c a n y o u e x p l a i n h o w a c u s t o m e r (1) . an online

transaction?
Shayan: OK, it's v e r y easy. (2) t h e c u s t o m e r w i l l place a n order.
T h e seller's (3) s e r v e r w i l l c o n f i r m a v a i l a b i l i t y of t h e
p r o d u c t a n d send a response. After t h a t , t h e c u s t o m e r checks o u t a n d
c o m p l e t e s t h e (4) i n s t r u c t i o n s . T h e n t h e s e r v e r w i l l send a
p a y m e n t request t o a p a y m e n t (5) T h e p a y m e n t gateway
w i l l c h e c k t h e buyer's a b i l i t y t o pay w i t h t h e (6) OK?
Monika: Fine. Go o n .
Shayan: T h e b a n k w i l l r e s p o n d a n d send p a y m e n t acceptance o r (7)
t o t h e seller's w e b s e r v e r t h r o u g h t h e p a y m e n t gateway. Finally, t h e
c u s t o m e r w i l l receive t h e s e r v e r response w i t h t h e o r d e r
(8) o r rejection.
Monika: W i l l t h e (9) have t o register?
Shayan: Yes, a l l b u y e r s m u s t have t h e i r (10) before t h e y c o m p l e t e
the transaction.
Monika: Thank you. Now I understand.

Listening 2 \W^¥fM L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r answers.

Speaking 3 C o m p l e t e t h e f l o w c h a r t of t h e o n l i n e p u r c h a s i n g process. T h e n e x p l a i n i t t o
your partner.

c 11
c
Usefu

C Introc

11
c Spea

Closi

42
 Business matters
Writing 1 You w o r k for SellOnline.com. T h e c o m p a n y d e v e l o p s E-commerce s o l u t i o n s for
small businesses. Your c l i e n t , D o c u m e n t L t d , sells s t a t i o n e r y . T h e y sell l o t s of
different t y p e s of p r o d u c t . D o c u m e n t L t d w a n t s t o d e v e l o p its o n l i n e presence
t o r e a c h c u s t o m e r s m o r e effectively. C o m p l e t e t h e p r o p o s a l t e m p l a t e . Use these
questions to help y o u .
1 W h a t t y p e of E-commerce w i l l D o c u m e n t L t d offer?
2 W h a t E-commerce t e c h n o l o g i e s w i l l D o c u m e n t L t d use t o a t t r a c t c u s t o m e r s ?
3 W h a t s e c u r i t y s o l u t i o n s w i l l t h e c o m p a n y set u p i n o r d e r t o p r o t e c t b o t h t h e
customer and the company?
4 W h a t t o o l s a n d features w i l l t h e c o m p a n y w e b s i t e have?
5 How will the customer complete transactions?

Proposal No. 2011/123/45 Date:

Customer: Business activity:

Subject:

E-commerce type:

E-commerce technologies:

Security solutions:

Website features and tools:

Transaction process:

Proposal presented by:

Language

Useful phrases for presentations

Good morning/afternoon everybody. Thank you for coming.

Today we are going to present....
Introduction First, 1 am going to talk about....
Then, we will show you ....
Finally, we will answer your questions ....
Now, I'll hand over to my colleague.
Speakers
Let me start with ....
To finish ....
Closing
Thank you very much for listening. Are there any questions?

Speaking 2 Prepare a n d d e l i v e r a p r e s e n t a t i o n for t h e m a r k e t i n g d i r e c t o r of D o c u m e n t L t d .

Use y o u r p r o p o s a l f r o m 1 t o h e l p y o u .
 ~

Information technology 1
<
o
(')
e Information systems colIect, organize. store, processoretrieve and display information in different
formats (text. video, and voice), Information technology alIows very fast. automated
tU manipulation of digital data and their transformation from and to analogue,
er
e
Two basic technologies have been responsible for the development of the necessary hardware:
i'..
integrated circuits and digital communications, Parallel advances have been made in software,
'< particularly easy-to-use software products to create. maintain, manipulate, and query files and
":u records. Many of these software programs are designed for use both by computer professionals
o and enthusiastic amateurs. Another important factor is the development of computer networks
'TI
m (- 6).
(I)
(I)
o
z
;J>
,..
[ As technology develops, new modelsand types of computer appear. At the heart of all computers
is the hardware. However. without software. computers are just dumb boxes, unable to perform
;J>
(')
....
any calculations or operations.
<
Models and types of computer
....
m
(I)
. workstation--' I

Computer hardware
CPU (central proce~ssing 'unit) . printer
keyboard . faser printer . monitor. mouse . RAM(randomaccess memory)
scanner. screen . storagedevices
Software
software
.

Many words in the field of IT corne from American English. So you may see the following
spellings:
British English American English
programme program
analogue analog

The area of IT is developing very quickly; and the language to describe hardware, software and
applications is also evolving at a high speed. As a result new no un + noun combinations often
change to single nouns
noun + noun single noun
lap top laptop
note book notebook
work station workstation

desk top desktop

141
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Label the diagram.

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D)
er
e
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m
fi)
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Combine one word from A and one word ITomB and match it with the appropriate definition (')
-I
-
inC. <
-I
A B C m
fi)
create --... products a monitor will do this on a computer screen
central information this describes the format of O and 1 in which
information is stored
j software \ processing unit these enable a computer to perform word
processing, to create databases, and to manipulate
numerical data

l
display when two or more components are combined and
then incorporated into a single package
digital ca"
files to make new programs, utilities or documents
expansion network a group of electronic machines connected by cables
J or other means which can exchange information and
share equipment (such as printers and disk drives)
integrated data the principal microchip that the computer is built
around
computer circuits you plug this into a slot to add features such as
video, sound, modem and networking

Complete each gap in the following text with a phrase from the table above.
J
1 The computer monitor will so you can see it on screen.
2 Information is stored on a computer as
3 Spreadsheet and graphic software are examples of
)
4 Digital communications and have allowed developments in
hardware to be made.
5 In order to organise data you should where you can store data.
6 When several computers are linked together you have a
7 The part of the computer which interprets and carries out instructions is the

8 An- can be inserted in your computer to give your computer extra

capabilities. 15
 Information technology 2
A network includes:
11 - techniques
11
e-I I
11 - physical connections
11 - computer programs
II Q)
... used to link two or more computers.
'< Network users can:
"
::u 11 - share files,printersand other resources
o." 11 - send electronic messages
1"1'1
fi)
. - run programs on other computers
fi)
o Each network operates according to a set of computer programs called network protocols for
2
~ computers to talk to one another. Computer networks can now be interconnected efficiently
....
through gateways. The biggest network is the World Wide Web. It consists of a large number of
~
(') smaller interconnected networks called internets. These internets may connect tens, hundreds,
-I
< or thousands of computers. They can share information with each other, such as databases of
-I information. The internet allows people all over the world to communicate with each other
1"1'1 effectivelyand inexpensively.
fi)

Before a network can operate, it needs physical connectÍonsso that signals can be transmitted.
After the network has been connecte d, it is ready for operatÍon.

Network connections
II

Network operation

web page . website

A prefix comes at the beginning of a word and usually has a specificmeaning, for example
=
inter between.

Look at the following prefixes and their use in the above IT words/phrases:

prefix meaning of prefix example of use

inter- between internet, interconnect, interactive, international
intra- within intranet, e.g. company intranet
trans- across transmit, transfer, transaction
co-jcom-jcon- with combine, compatible, connect, configure
up- up (to internet) upload
down- down (from internet) download, downtime, i.e. when the network is down
(not working)

16
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DD:DI
Choose the correct word in each of the following.
1 The speed with which a modem can process data is measured in -'
a) bandwidth b) bits per second (bps) c) signal
<
2 Cables consisting of several copper wires each with a shield are known as - cables. O
a) twisted pair b) optical fibre c) power cables (')
$I)
3 Computers that are connected together within one building form a -' er
a) WAN b) ISP c) LAN -e
4 If you transfer a file from a remote computer to your computer, you -' $I)
..
a) download b) upload c) run '<
5 To send out information is to -' ."
::o
a) signal b) packet c) transmit o
."
6 A document containing information and graphics that can be accessed on the internet is m
VI
VI
a) a website b) a web page c) the World Wide Web o
z
)00
r-
Complete the words in the following sentences by adding the prefix inter-, intra-, trans-, com-, )00
(')
con-, up- or down-. -I
<
1 Last month computer _time cost the company over €lO,OOOin lost production. -I
m
2 The computers in the production department have now been successfully _connected VI
with those in the planning department.
3 Once you have completed payment details the data will be _mitted via a secure link.
4 We cannot network these computers because the systems are not _patible.
5 Many companies distribute internal documents on their own _net.
6 Once the home page has been completed, we'll be ready to _lo ad the site.
7 Cables are being laid throughout the building as the network requires physical_nections.
8 Using the network he was able to _bine the data from different reports.

Here is a list of instructions for someone wanting to set up a small network. Put the instructions
in the correct order.

a Make wiring and layout plans for your network.

b Hook up the network cables by connecting everything to the hub.
c Check that each computer has an IP address and give it a name.
d If you're installing a small network, twisted pair will be adequate. However, in order to span
greater distances and to minimize magnetic and electrical interference use fibre optic cable.
e Decide on the type of network you want to install. To enable you to transfer large amo unts of
data, choose Fast Ethernet (lOOBaseT).
f Install network adapters in the computers.
g Add an internet gateway to your network to set up a shared internet connection.
h Install driver software for the adapter driver and install client software to share printers and
files.
Check which protocols are installed and add any other protocols you require.
Get the hardware you need: an Ethernet adapter card for each computer that doesn't have an
Ethernet port, a hub if you've got more than two computers, cables and wall jacks.

17