Fire & Gas Mapping
1. FIRE AND GAS MAPPING STUDY
1.1. Objective
The objective of F&G Detection Mapping study is to achieve fire and gas detection system
that meets the performance target required to detect any accidental gas release or accidental
ignition at its early stage and take control action as well as alerting the on-board personnel
for the following scenario:
• Presence of flammable gases
• Presence of a fire
• The study will include the following as required
• Performance target for fire and gas detection system based on the risk level at each hazard
area.
• Determine the level of congestion at each hazard area and assess the risk of hydrocarbon
gas accumulation and the minimum gas cloud volume which if ignited will cause significant
damage.
• Recommend the optimum type, location and numbers of detectors to meet the performance
target coverage.
1.2. Methodology
The stepwise procedure is given below:
Step 1: Hazardous Area Identification
The facility area will be critically assessed for identifying all hazardous areas that are present
in the location into different hazardous zones.
Step 2: Hazardous Area Characterization
From the above identification, major accident hazards will be characterized based on the
likelihood and frequency of the incident and based on the properties and quantity released.
Step 3: Risk Volume Definition
A representative leak size will be selected based on the standards for all the loss of
containment scenarios isolated in step-2.
Step 4: Determination of characteristic cloud for detection
The identified scenarios will be modelled using software to calculate the impact distance in
downwind and crosswind direction at prevalent wind conditions at the location.
Step 5: Detect 3D Modelling
The 3D drawing file will be imported to the software, its geometry will be fixed its dimension
will be created and the hydrocarbon / toxic detectors will be placed near the equipment to
avoid the loss of containment scenarios.
Step 6: Coverage Mapping
Detector and impact distance calculated will be overlaid on the 3D map to check if the
detectors are at adequate location to sense and detect the likely fire and gas dispersion at
that location.
Step 7: Optimization/Detector Layout Definition
Repeat the above steps for all loss of containment scenarios. Optimize the detector location
height or change the place of detector location to match the dispersion coverage of the
hydrocarbon /toxic release if the detectors are found inadequate to sense or detect the
dispersion.
The methodology for fire and gas detector mapping has been indicated pictorially as below:
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1.3. Software
The F&G Mapping Study shall be executed using the latest version of the DETECT 3D
Software along with DNV PHAST Software (based on requirement / application)
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1.4. Input Documents Requirement
The following information / documents shall be provided as Input Documents:
• Plant layout / Plot plan
• 3D Model of the Plant (if available)
• Equipment & Piping General Arrangement drawings
• Unit P&ID, PFD, Stream data, Operational Data
• Heat and Mass Balance Sheet
• Cause & Effect diagrams
• Process description
• Hazard Area Classification drawing
• Meteorological data
• F&G Detection Philosophy of the existing detectors.
• Fire Zone Drawing
• Fire & Gas Performance Target for the existing detectors
• Existing Detector Specification
• Fire & Gas Performance Target and Dispersion Study Report for existing detectors
• F&G layouts with co-ordinates if existing detectors are available
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2. DELIVERABLES
The F&G Mapping Study Report shall provide the following outputs;
• Executive Summary,
• Facilities description,
• Assumptions and limits,
• Methodology,
• References to assumptions sheets for this study,
• Simulation results including quantitative fire and gas results presentation,
• Graphical assessment of Fire and HC gas detector coverage including co-ordinates,
elevation and pitch/yaw angle,
• Quantitative F&G Mapping analysis
• Recommendations and proposed mitigation measures,
• Conclusions and Results
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