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Chapter (3) Equilibrium of A Particle

This document provides an overview of statics and equilibrium of particles from the Department of Civil Engineering. It defines static equilibrium as an object at rest and explains that the resultant force on a particle must equal zero to maintain equilibrium. Free body diagrams are introduced as a way to visualize all forces acting on a particle in order to apply the equations of equilibrium. Examples are provided of drawing free body diagrams and using the diagrams to solve static equilibrium problems.

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44 views18 pages

Chapter (3) Equilibrium of A Particle

This document provides an overview of statics and equilibrium of particles from the Department of Civil Engineering. It defines static equilibrium as an object at rest and explains that the resultant force on a particle must equal zero to maintain equilibrium. Free body diagrams are introduced as a way to visualize all forces acting on a particle in order to apply the equations of equilibrium. Examples are provided of drawing free body diagrams and using the diagrams to solve static equilibrium problems.

Uploaded by

karimneamah
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of Civil Engineering

Statics
Equilibrium of a particle

Instructor:
Dr. Sawsan Alkhawaldeh
Condition for the Equilibrium of a Particle
 A particle is in equilibrium if it remains at rest
if originally at rest, or has a constant velocity if
originally in motion.
 The term “static equilibrium” is used to
describe an object at rest.
 To maintain equilibrium, Newton’s first law of
motion has to be satisfied, ensuring the
resultant force acting on a particle to be equal
to zero, ∑ F = 0
The Free-Body Diagram
• A free-body diagram (FBD) is a drawing that
shows the particle with all the forces that act
on it.
• To apply the equation of equilibrium, we must
account for all the known and unknown
forces (∑ F = 0) which act on the particle.
The best way to do this is to think of the
particle as isolated and “free” from its
surroundings.
The Free-Body Diagram (types of connections)
1. Springs:
If a linearly elastic spring (or cord) of undeformed
length lo is used to support a particle, the length
of the spring will change in direct proportion to
the force F acting on it.
A characteristic that defines the “elasticity” of a
spring is the spring constant or stiffness (k) .
The magnitude of force exerted on a linearly elastic
spring which has a stiffness k and is deformed
(elongated or compressed) a distance s = l- lo,
measured from its unloaded position, is
The Free-Body Diagram (types of connections)

1. Springs:
The Free-Body Diagram (types of connections)
2. Cables and Pulleys :
all cables (or cords) will be assumed to have
negligible weight and they cannot stretch.
Also, a cable can support only a tension or
“pulling” force, and this force always acts in
the direction of the cable.
Procedure for Drawing a Free-Body Diagram
1. Draw Outlined Shape.
2. Show All Forces.
3. Identify Each Force.

7
Example: The sphere has a mass of 6 kg and is
supported as shown. Draw a free-body diagram of
the sphere, the cord CE , and the knot at C .
Coplanar Force Systems
Procedure for Analysis
1. Free-Body Diagram
2. Equations of Equilibrium
Example (1): Determine the tension in cables BA
and BC necessary to support the 60-kg cylinder.
Example (2): The 200-kg crate is suspended using the
ropes AB and AC . Each rope can withstand a maximum
force of 10 kN before it breaks. If AB always remains
horizontal, determine the smallest angle u to which the
crate can be suspended before one of the ropes breaks.
Example (3): Determine the required length of cord so
that the 8-kg lamp can be suspended in the position
shown. The undeformed length of spring AB is lAB = 0.4
m, and the spring has a stiffness of kAB = 300 N>m.
Problem (1)
Problem (2)
Problem (3)
Problem (4)
Problem (5)

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