Adopted from 2010 AHA
Guidelines published in
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
Awareness Seminar
LEO JERMIN C. IBARRETA,RM,RN,EMT
NURSE-EMERGENCY MEDICAL
TECHNICIAN
AMBULANCE CREW/TREATMENT
OFFICER
IRIGA CITY DRRMO
Basic Life Support
An emergency procedure that consist of
recognizing respiratory or cardiac arrest and
proper application of CPR to maintain life until
a victim recovers or Advanced Life Support is
available.
Chain of Survival
Refers to series of actions that, when putted
into motions, reduces the mortality rate
associated with cardiac arrest. A Strong chain
of survival can improved chances of survival
and recovery for victims of heart attack, stroke
and other emergencies.
Chain of Survival
Immediate Early CPR Rapid Effective Post-Cardiac
recognition Defibrillation advance arrest care
of Life
Cardiac Support
Arrest and
Activate
EMS
5 links in Chain of Survival
• Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and
activation of emergency response system
• Early Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with an
emphasis on chest compression
• Rapid defibrillation
• Effective Advanced Life Support
• Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
Remember:
“For every minute delay in giving CPR will
decreased 10% on patient’s chances of
survival”
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Is a combination of chest compression and
ventilation. This must be combined for
effective resuscitation of the victims of cardiac
arrest.
CPR PROCEDURE:
• Knee facing victim’s chest
• Place the heel of your hand on the center of the victim’s chest
• Put your other hand on top of the first with your fingers
interlaced
• Arm should be parallel to chest
• Depth of compression: at least 2-2.4 inches (5-6 cm)
• rate: at least 100-120/min. (hands only CPR)
• Compression/ventilation ratio: 30 compression : 2 ventilation
• Cycles: 5 Cycles in 2 minutes
• Check pulse after every 2 minutes
QUALITY CHEST COMPRESSIONS
• Compress breastbone at
PUSH HARD least 2 inches deep
• At least 100 compressions
PUSH FAST per minute
• The chest return to its
ALLOW normal position
• Excessive ventilation and
interruption on
AVOID compression
You can save a life with just two hands!
The Value of CPR
• The best treatment until the arrival of a
Defibrillator
- A special medical equipment which delivers
an electrical shock to the patient’s chest and
restores the heartbeat to its normal rhythm.
• Early CPR “buys time” by maintaining some
blood flow to the heart and brain during an
arrest
Automated External
Defibrillator
IF YOU WITNESS A CARDIAC ARREST
• Person drops dead
• Person loses consciousness
Do 3 Things FIRST
Step 1
CHECK area safety
Step 2
CHECK Unresponsiveness
Step 3
Call for Help Emergency Services, Doctor
STEP 1: CHECK AREA SAFETY
• Survey the scene
• See if the scene is safe to do CPR
• Get an idea of what happened
STEP 2: CHECK UNRESPONSIVE
• Tap or gently shake the victim
• Rescuer shouts “are you OK?”
• If the victim is unconscious, rescuer calls for
help
STEP 3: CALL FOR HELP
• Rescuer activates the emergency medical
services to get the defibrillator
CONTINUE CHEST COMPRESSIONS
UNTIL…
• S-pontaneous circulation is restored
• T-urned over to trained medical personnel
• O-perator is already exhausted
• P-hysician assumes responsibility
NOT to start CPR when:
• Body is already stiff (rigor mortis)
• Dependent lividity
• Body is already in decomposition stage
• Evidence of a non survivable injury
• Existing DNR order
Choking
Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)
The universal sign for choking is hands
clutched to the throat
* Ask: “Are you choking?”
* Encourage the victim to cough
* Self-treatment with abdominal thrust
To perform abdominal thrusts on
yourself:
• Place a fist slightly above your navel
• Grasp your fist with the other hand and bend
over a hard surface – a countertop or chair
will do
To perform abdominal thrusts on someone else:
(Heimlich Maneuver)
• Stand behind the person.
Wrap your arms around the waist.
Tip the person forward slightly
• Make a fist with one hand.
Position it slightly above the person’s navel.
• Grasp the fist with the other hand.
Press hard into the abdomen with a quick,
upward
• Perform a total of 5 abdominal thrusts,
if needed
• If you’re the only rescuer, perform abdominal
thrusts before calling EMS for help
• If another person is available, have that
person call for help while you perform first aid
• If the victim becomes unconscious, perform
standard CPR with chest compressions
